CHITSANZO kugawa chiwerengero angapo. Table fission

Ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri amaganiza masamu sayansi zovuta, si choncho. Ambiri ntchito masamu N'zosavuta kumvetsa, makamaka ngati inu mukudziwa malamulo ndi kachitidwe. Choncho kudziwa matebulo chulutsa, mungathe mwamsanga kuchulukitsa mu malingaliro ambiri. Chinthu chachikulu - nthawi zonse ophunzitsidwa ndi tisaiwale malamulo a chulutsa. The Tinganenenso chimodzimodzi za magawano.

Tiyeni tione gulu la manambala lonse, tuzigawo twa ndi zoipa. Tiyeni tikumbukire malamulo zofunika, njira ndi njira.

ntchito kugawikana

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi tanthauzo la dzina ndi nambala kuti mukugwira nawo ntchito imeneyi. Izi kwambiri atsogolere mopitirira kupereka mauthenga ndi maganizo.

Division - mmodzi wa zinayi ntchito masamu. phunziro zimayamba ku pulayimale. Ndi pamene ana kusonyeza chitsanzo loyamba kugawa zingapo mwa chiwerengero, fotokozani malamulo.

opaleshoni nawo manambala awiri, lopeza ndi divisor. The choyamba - angapo kuti wagawanika, ndipo chachiwiri - kumene gawo. Chifukwa ndi quotient ya kugawikana.

Pali kalembedwe zingapo kujambula ndikupeleka, ":", "/" ndi yopingasa mzere - kujambula mu nusu kumene lopeza ndi pamwamba ndi pansi, pansipa mzere - wogawira.

malamulo

Mu kuphunzira kwa makamaka ntchito masamu amafuna Mphunzitsi anaziphunzitsa kwa ophunzira malamulo zazikulu zimene muyenera kudziwa. Komabe, iwo nthawi zonse anakumbukira wabwino monga tikufuna. N'chifukwa chake tinaganiza mukumbukire za malamulo anayi ofunika.

Malamulo zikuluzikulu za gulu la manambala kuti ayenera kukumbukira nthawi zonse:

1. Share kuti ziro sindingakhoze. ulamuliro kukumbukira mu malo oyamba.

2. Share ziro kungakhale aliyense, koma mapeto adzakhala nthawi zonse ziro.

3. Ngati nambala lagawidwa ndi chimodzi, ife tifika pa nambalayi.

4. Ngati chiwerengero lagawidwa palokha, ife tidzatenga limodzi.

Monga mukuonera, malamulo ndi wosavuta ndi zosavuta kukumbukira. Ngakhale anthu ena kuiwala ulamuliro ophweka monga sungathe kugawanitsa ndi ziro, kapena kusokoneza anthu ndi magawano ndi nambala ziro.

Zizindikiro za divisibility wa chiwerengero cha

Mmodzi mwa malamulo zothandiza - chizindikiro chimene anatsimikiza ndi kuthekera kugawa chiwerengero achilengedwe wina popanda zotsalira. Choncho, zizindikiro wakutali wa divisibility 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 10. Taganizirani nkhani pansipa. Iwo kwambiri atsogolere kukhazikitsa ntchito pa manambala. Enanso aliyense ulamuliro chitsanzo cha kugawikana kwa chiwerengero.

Awa onse omwe makhalidwe ankagwiritsa ntchito ndi masamu.

divisibility Zizindikiro 2

Chophweka kukumbukira chizindikiro. Number lomwe limatha ndi chiwerengero (2, 4, 6, 8) kapena 0 nthawi zonse wogawana divisible ndi awiri. Wokongola zosavuta kukumbukira ndi ntchito. Choncho, chiwerengero 236 itha ndi chiwerengero, choncho, lagawidwa awiri wogawana.

Kufufuzidwa: 236 2 = 118. Ndithudi, 236 akufufuta 2 popanda yotsala a.

lamulo ili ndi bwino kwambiri kudziwika, akuluakulu komanso ana.

divisibility Zizindikiro 3

Kodi kuchita kugawikana kwa chiwerengero 3? Kumbukirani ulamuliro zotsatirazi.

nambala divisible ndi 3 wogawana kukachitika kuti Uwerenge manambala ake divisible ndi atatu. Mwachitsanzo, taganizirani chiwerengero 381. Gwero la manambala onse adzapatsidwa 12. Izi nambala angapo atatu, kenako akufufuta 3 popanda yotsala a.

Komanso onani chitsanzo ichi. 381: 3 = 127, ndiye chabwino.

Zizindikiro divisibility wa integers 5

Palinso yosavuta. Gawani mu 5 popanda zotsalira anthu likhoza manambala kutha mu 5 kapena 0. Mwachitsanzo, taganizirani chiwerengero cha monga 705 kapena 800. The woyamba mapeto 5, wachiwiri - kuti ziro, kotero iwo ali onse divisible ndi 5. Izi ndi ulamuliro osavuta kuti amalola kuti msanga kugawanitsa ndi nambala 5 zisathe.

Kuti atsimikizire chizindikiro cha Zitsanzo: 405: 5 = 81; 600: 5 = 120. Monga mukuonera, chizindikiro umayendetsedwera.

Divisible ndi 6

Ngati mukufuna kudziwa ngati nambala 6, inu choyamba tiyenera kupeza ngati izo divisible ndi 2, kenako anagawa - by 3. Ngati ndi choncho, ndiye chiwerengero akhoza kugawidwa popanda yotsala mwa 6. Mwachitsanzo, nambala 216 divisible mwa 2 monga itha ndi chiwerengero, ndi 3, monga Uwerenge manambala ndi 9.

Tsimikizani: 216: 6 = 36. Mwachitsanzo umasonyeza kuti zochita khalidwe.

Divisible ndi 9

Komanso kambiranani za mmene kugwiritsa magawano chiwerengero 9. Pa chiwerengero anapatsidwa anagawa anthu manambala zachilengedwe, Uwerenge umene uli angapo manambala ulamuliro 9. Mofanana ndi kugawa ndi 3. Mwachitsanzo, chiwerengero 918. Kuika kanjedza onse ndi kupeza 18 - angapo 9. kotero, lagawidwa 9 popanda sanachite.

Ife kuthetsa chitsanzo mayeso: 918: 9 = 102.

Severability 10

Mbali comaliza, cifukwa ndi ofunika kudziwa. 10 anawagawa manambala okhawo amene amatha mwa 0. chitsanzo Ichi ndi wosavuta ndi zosavuta kukumbukira. Choncho, 500: 10 = 50.

Ndi mbali zonse zoyambirira. Kumbukirani, inu mukhoza musavutike. Kumene, pali manambala ena amene pali zizindikiro za divisibility, koma ife kuunikila monga akuluakulu.

Table fission

Mu masamu, sikuti kuli tebulo chulutsa, koma kugawikana tebulo. Ataphunzira izo, inu mosavuta opaleshoni. Ndipotu, tebulo magawano ndi chulutsa tebulo zosiyana. Kulipanga nokha sikovuta. Kuti izi ziyenera anasintha mzera uliwonse wa matebulo chulutsa motere:

1. Ikani mankhwala a chiwerengero mu malo oyamba.

2. Ikani magawano chizindikiro ndi kulemba chinthu chachiwiri pa gome.

3. Pamene chizindikiro ofanana kwalembedwa multiplier choyamba.

Mwachitsanzo, kutenga mzere lotsatira patebulo chulutsa 2 3 = 6. Tsopano kulilembanso ilo malinga aligorivimu, ndi kupeza: 6 ÷ 3 = 2.

Nthawi zambiri, ana akufunsidwa kuti akatunge tebulo awo, Izi zinachititsa chikumbukiro chawo ndi chidwi.

Ngati mulibe nthawi kulemba izo, inu mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito operekedwa mu nkhaniyi.

Mitundu ya kugawikana

Tilankhure pang'ono za mitundu ya kugawikana.

Choyamba, n'zotheka kuonetsetsa gulu la manambala lonse ndi ting'onoting'ono. Mbali yoyamba tikhoza kulankhula za ntchito ndi manambala lonse ndi decimals, ndipo chachiwiri - yekha manambala fractional. Pankhaniyi zimakhala fractional numerator kapena divisor, kapena onse nthawi imodzi. kulekana Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti ntchito pa tuzigawo twa amasiyana ntchito inteja.

Kenako tikambirana gulu la tuzigawo twa kwambiri.

Kuchokera pa manambala, amene mukugwira nawo ntchito, ndi mitundu iwiri ya kugawikana tingaone: pa lomveka ndi manambala pa multivalued. Kudulidwa losavuta imatengedwa kukhala manambala ndi umodzi. Pano, inu sadzafunika kuchita kuwerengetsera yaitali. Komanso, tebulo kungakuthandizeni magawano. Gawani chimodzimodzi ena - awiri, manambala atatu manambala - ankawonjezereka.

Talingalirani zitsanzo za mitundu ya kugawikana:

14: 7 = 2 (magawano ndi nambala wani-manambala).

240: 12 = 20 (magawano ndi chiwerengero ziwiri manambala).

45387: 123 = 369 (magawano ndi nambala firii-manambala).

Kudulidwa otsiriza tingaone, imene imakhudza manambala zabwino ndi zoipa. Pamene akugwira inawo ayenera kudziwa malamulo imene anapereka zotsatira n'kopindulitsa zabwino kapena zoipa.

Pamene tikugawana manambala ndi zizindikiro zosiyana (a numerator - chiwerengero ndi ubwino wa divisor - zoipa, kapena mosinthanitsa), ife chiwerengero negative. Pamene tikugawana manambala ndi chizindikiro chomwecho (ndi lopeza ndi divisor - zabwino kapena mosinthanitsa) - kupeza chiwerengero positive.

Taonani zitsanzo zotsatirazi kuti momveka:

21: (- 7) = -3

-36: 6 = (-6)

-48 (-8) = 6.

Chigawo cha tuzigawo twa

Kotero, ife Anagwetsanso malamulo zofunika, anapereka chitsanzo cha kugawa zingapo mwa chiwerengero, tsopano tiyeni tikambirane za momwe molondola kuchita ntchito chimodzimodzi ndi ting'onoting'ono.

Ngakhale kuti gulu la tuzigawo twa poyamba zikuwoneka ngati chinthu lolemera ndithu zoona, ntchito si choncho zovuta ndi iwo. Nagawira tuzigawo twa imagwiridwa kwambiri monga momwe chulutsa, koma ndi kusiyana kumodzi.

Mmalo mwa kupatutsa nusu, ndi numerator ayenera choyamba awonjezere lopeza ndi divisor chimene chachititsa ndi kulemba zotsatira monga numerator payekha. Ndiye awonjezere chimene chachititsa wa lopeza mwa divisor wa numerator ndi chimene chachititsa kuti alembe zotsatira monga payekha.

Zimakhala zosavuta. Kulilembanso kachigawo wogawira, interchanging ndi numerator kuti chimene chachititsa ndiyeno kuchulukitsa chiwerengero chifukwa.

Mwachitsanzo, gawani tuzigawo twa awiri: 4/5: 3/9. Kuyamba, titembenuzire wogawira, timapeza 9/3. Tsopano kuchulukitsa tuzigawo twa: 4/5 * 9/3 = 36/15.

Monga mukuonera, ndi wokongola zosavuta, ndipo palibe zovuta kuposa magawano ndi nambala wani zisathe. Zitsanzo za zochitika ndi tuzigawo twa ndi kuthetsedwa chabe, ngati simudzaiwala lamulo limeneli.

anapezazo

Division - mmodzi wa ntchito masamu kuti mwana aliyense amaphunzira ku pulayimale. Pali malamulo amene ayenera kudziwa njira, kuti atsogolere ntchito imeneyi. Kudulidwa ndi zotsalira ndi kunja, ndi kugawikana kwa manambala zoipa ndi fractional.

Kumbukirani mbali ya opaleshoni masamu N'zosavuta. Ife ankaiphwasula mfundo ziti zofunika zomwe zakambidwa ndi chitsanzo chimodzi mwa kugawa chiwerengero ndi chiwerengero cha ngakhale ankalankhula za mmene ntchito ndi manambala fractional.

Ngati mukufuna kudziwa wanu wa masamu, ife ndikulangizeni inu mukukumbukira malamulo yosavuta. Komanso tikhoza ndikulangizeni inu kukhala kukumbukira ndi numeracy mu malingaliro, kuchita dictations masamu kapena mongoyesa kuti kuwerengetsa pakamwa quotient a manambala awiri mwachisawawa. Ndikhulupirireni, luso sadzamva zosafunika.