Chakudya: Ubwino ndi magulu anawagawa chakudya ndiponso udindo wawo thupi

Chakudya ndi mbali chifungulo chofunika kukhala ndi boma mulingo woyenera wa thupi. Awa ndi ogulitsa chachikulu cha mphamvu, wopangidwa mwa mpweya wa hydrogen ndi oxygen. Zimapezeka makamaka zakudya chiyambi zomera, ndicho dzuwa, zinthu zowotcha, dzinthu lonse-tirigu ndi mbewu, mbatata, CHIKWANGWANI (zipatso, masamba). N'kulakwa kukhulupirira kuti mkaka ndi ena makamaka zakudya zomanga thupi mulibe chakudya. Mwachitsanzo, mkaka mulinso chakudya. Iwo mkaka shuga - lactose. M'nkhani ino mudzaphunzira magulu anawagawa chakudya, ndi zitsanzo za kusiyana chakudya izi, komanso athe kumvetsetsa mmene kuwerengera awo chofunika ponseponse tsiku.

Magulu waukulu chakudya

Kotero, tsopano ankaiphwasula, magulu anawagawa chakudya. Akatswiri magulu atatu waukulu chakudya: monosaccharides, disaccharides ndi polysaccharides. Kuti timvetse kusiyana kwawo, tayang'anani pa gulu lililonse mwatsatanetsatane.

• Monosaccharides - iwo ali ophweka dzuwa. Mu ambiri ali mphesa shuga (shuga), zipatso shuga (fructose) ndi etc. Monosaccharides mwangwiro kusungunuka mu madzi, kuwapatsa iwo zokoma kukoma.
• Disaccharides - gulu la chakudya, amene unagawika monosaccharides awiri. Iwo kwathunthu sungunuka m'madzi ndipo ndi kukoma pa m'kamwa.
• Polysaccharides - gulu wotsiriza, amene ndi chakudya zovuta kuti mulibe kupasuka mu mthupi, alibe kukoma kutchulidwa ndi zigwirizana monosaccharides ambiri. Mwachidule, uwu shuga ma polima: ife tonse tikudziwa wowuma (malo zimam'patsa zomera), mapadi (chomera selo khoma), glycogen (a zimam'patsa m'malo bowa ndi nyama), chitin, peptidoglycan (murein).

The chakudya m'gulu thupi la munthu ayenera kwambiri

Poganizira funso limene magulu anawagawa chakudya, ndi Dziwani kuti ambiri a iwo zili chimodzimodzi mu zakudya chiyambi mbewu. Zikuphatikizapo ndalama yaikulu mavitamini ndi zakudya, choncho chakudya Payenera kukhala mu zakudya munthu aliyense, kutsogolera moyo wathanzi ndi akuchitachita. Kupereka thupi ndi zinthu zimenezi, muyenera kudya ngati kuli kotheka a mbewu (monga chimanga, buledi, chakudya, etc.), masamba ndi zipatso.

Shuga, ie, shuga zonse - kothandiza kwambiri makamaka kwa chigawo anthu chifukwa phindu pa ntchito ubongo. Izi dzuwa pa chimbudzi pasanapite nthawi odzipereka mu m'magazi, potero kukula mlingo wa insulin. Panthawi imeneyi, munthuyo amakhala ndi chimwemwe ndi euphoria, kotero shuga akuti ndi mankhwala, pamene kwambiri mowa mmene osokoneza ndi zoipa thanzi akukhudzidwira. N'chifukwa chake kulowa kwa shuga m'thupi ayenera kusamala Komabe, kusiya kwathunthu izo sizingakhoze zoona, shuga ndi wapadera mphamvu zoyendetsera. Mu thupi izo n'kukhala glycogen ndi kusungidwa mu chiwindi ndi akatumba. Pa nthawi ya akuwaza ntchito glycogen minofu imagwiridwa Choncho, tiyenera zonse kukhala mulingo woyenera kuchuluka kwa thupi lake.

madyedwe malamulo zimam'patsa

Popeza magulu onse zimam'patsa ndi mbali zawo wapadera ndi mowa awo ayenera kukhala bwino n'zimene. Mwachitsanzo, polysaccharides, mosiyana monosaccharides ayenera ingested ndalama yapamwamba. Malinga ndi zimene masiku ano zakudya, chakudya ayenera amapanga theka la zakudya tsiku, mwachitsanzo pafupifupi 50% - 60%.

The mawerengedwe kuchuluka kwa chakudya zofunika moyo

Pakuti aliyense gulu la anthu amafunika milingo yosiyanasiyana ya mphamvu. Mwachitsanzo, ana a zaka miyezi 1 mpaka 12 kufunika thupi kwa chakudya ndi mu osiyanasiyana magalamu 13 pa kilogalamu wa kunenepa, siyenera, magulu zidzasankhidwa chakudya analipo mu zakudya mwanayo. Akuluakulu zaka 18 mpaka 30, mlingo tsiku chakudya imasiyana malingana ntchito. Choncho, amuna ndi akazi ankagwira ntchito maganizo, mowa pa mlingo wa pafupifupi 5 magalamu pa 1 kilogalamu ya kulemera kwa thupi. Choncho, kulemera yachibadwa munthu wathanzi ayenera pafupifupi 300 magalamu chakudya patsiku. Malinga pansi, chithunzi chimenechi kusintha. Ngati munthu chinkhoswe makamaka yakalavulagaga thupi kapena masewera, pamene kuwerengetsa ponseponse chakudya chilinganizo zotsatirazi: magalamu 8 pa 1 kilogalamu ya kulemera yachibadwa. Komanso, mu nkhani iyi, komanso kuganizira, pa magulu zidzasankhidwa chakudya chakudya. Chilinganizo pamwamba walola kuti awerengere nambala ya chakudya kwenikweni zovuta - polysaccharides.

Zoyerekeza shuga mitengo mowa kwa magulu akutiakuti a anthu

Pankhani shuga, ndiye mawonekedwe koyera, sucrose (fructose ndi shuga molekyulu). Kwa munthu wamkulu yabwino 10 okha% ya shuga pa chiwerengero cha zopatsa mphamvu ankadya patsiku. Kukhala enieni, wamkulu amai akuyenera tsiku lililonse pafupifupi 35-45 magalamu a shuga woyera, amuna, chithunzi ichi apamwamba - 45-50 magalamu. Amene zimayesetsa ntchito yadzaoneni, ndi chokwanira cha sucrose kuyambira 75 magalamu 105. Chiwerengerochi zingathandize munthu kuchita zinthu popanda akukumana imfa ya mphamvu ndi mphamvu. Pankhani CHIKWANGWANI zakudya (CHIKWANGWANI), chiwerengero chawo tiyenera kuyesetsa payekha komanso, kutenga nkhani za jenda, zaka, kulemera ndi mlingo ntchito (magalamu osachepera 20).

Motero, kudziwa magulu atatu anawagawa chakudya, ndi kumvetsa za thupi, munthu aliyense akhoza mosadalira kuwerengera chofunika kuchuluka kwa iwo moyo, ndipo ntchito bwinobwino.