Cave mkango - ndi mdani wakale

Zikwi zapitazo dziko Lapansi anali anthu nyama zosiyanasiyana, omwe anakhala zinatha zifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Tsopano nyama zimenezi nthawi zambiri amatchedwa gasi. mitembo yawo anasunga mu mawonekedwe a mafupa mafupa ndi zigaza opezeka zofukulidwa m'mabwinja. Ofufuzawa ndiye mosamala kusonkhanitsa mafupa onse pamodzi ndi kuyesera Choncho kubwezeretsa maonekedwe a nyama. Pochita zimenezi, iwo amathandiza zojambula phanga, ndipo ngakhale chosema wosazindikira anachoka ndi anthu wakale, amene anakhalapo nthawi yomweyo. Masiku ano, asayansi kuthandiza makompyuta recreate chifaniziro cha malasha nyama. Cave mkango - choyimira cha zolengedwa wakale, terrifies abale ang'onoang'ono. Ngakhale anthu wosazindikira anayesa kupeza kuzungulira malo ake.

Malasha carnivore phanga mkango

Apa anatulukira ndipo analongosola maonekedwe wakale wa chilombo malasha zimenezi asayansi wotchedwa phanga mkango. Zotsalira za mafupa a nyama zimenezi apezeka Asia, Europe ndi North America. Zimenezi zikusonyeza kuti phanga mkango anakhala gawo lalikulu ku Alaska ku British Isles. dzina wopatsidwa mtundu uwu, izo analungamitsidwa, chifukwa ndicho chimene ambiri a mtembo wake chigoba anapezeka m'mapanga. Koma mu mphanga okha nyama molasidwa ndi kufa. Live ndi kusaka, iwo anasankha malo lotseguka.

History of anapeza

Woyamba nkhani ya phanga mkango anapangidwa ndi katswiri Russian ndi paleontologist Nikolai Kuzmich Vereshchagin. Mu buku lake, iye anauza mwatsatanetsatane za amayanjana fuko la nyama madera a yogawa wake, malo okhala, mbali chakudya, kuswana ndi zinthu zina. bukuli limatchedwa "The phanga mkango ndi mbiri yake mu Holarctic ndi USSR" olembedwa pa maziko a zaka zambiri kafukufuku mumzindawo ndipo akadali bwino ntchito sayansi phunziro la nyama gasi. Galoarktikoy asayansi kuitanira mbali yofunika kwambiri kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi.

Kufotokozera za nyama

Cave mkango unali waukulu kwambiri chilombo, masekeli mpaka makilogalamu 350, kutalika pa zinafota wa 120-150 masentimita ndi kutalika thupi la mamita 2.5, kupatulapo mchira. miyendo lamphamvu ndi yaitali, zomwe zimapangitsa chilombo wamtali nyama. tsitsi lake anali yosalala ndi waufupi, mtundu - ngakhale, monochromatic, mchenga ndi imvi, chimene chinamuthandiza chinthu okha pa kusaka ndi. Zima pelage anali zobiriwira ndi kupulumutsidwa ku kuzizira. Manes ku mikango phanga sanali, umboni ndi zojambula kuphanga la anthu wosazindikira. Koma burashi pa mchira alipo pa zithunzi zambiri. Ancient chilombo anauzira makolo athu mantha ndi mantha.

phanga mkango mutu anali ndi lalikulu, ndi mphamvu za nsagwada. Dentition malasha ogwirira kunja awoneka mofanana monga mikango ano, koma mano adakali unyinji wochuluka. canines awiri mu nsagwada chapamwamba amenewo akukantha mu maonekedwe awo: kutalika kwa aliyense nyama canine anali 11-11.5 cm. Kapangidwe ka nsagwada ndi dentition chimasonyeza kuti phanga mkango anali chilombo ndipo akhoza kulimbana ndi nyama zazikulu kwambiri.

Zimapezekanso ndi kusaka

Pa zojambula thanthwe zambiri akuonetsedwa monga gulu la mikango phanga akuthamangitsa munthu wina amene anaphedwa. Izi zikusonyeza kuti ogwirira ankakhala prides ndi kusaka ankachita pamodzi. Analysis fupa amakhalabe nyama zopezeka mu malo a mikango phanga, limasonyeza kuti ankamenya mbawala, mbawala, njati, maulendo, yaks, musk ng'ombe ndi nyama zina, omwe anakumana ku dera ili. nyamazo kungakhale mammoths wamng'ono, ngamila, rhinos, mvuu ndi phanga zimbalangondo. Asayansi sagwirizana kukusalani kuthekera kuukira zilombo zolusa komanso mammoths wamkulu, koma m'mikhalidwe nyengo ino. Makamaka wosazindikira anthu Cave mkango ankasakidwa. Munthu akhoza kukhala kapolo wa chilombo pamene nyama anabwera pogona, kumene anthu ankakhala. kokha odwala kapena achikulire anthu zambiri kukwera kwa m'mapanga. Yekha, munthuyo sangathe kulimbana ndi mdani, koma chitetezo chofanana ndi ntchito ya moto kupulumutsa anthu, kapena ena a iwo. Izi mikango zinatha anali amphamvu, koma sanali awapulumutse iwo ku imfa.

zingayambitse kutha

Misa imfa ndi kutha kwa mikango phanga zachitika mapeto a nthawi, amene asayansi kuitana malemu Pleistocene. Nthawiyi zinatha pafupifupi zaka 10,000 zapitazo. Lisanathe wa Pleistocene nakhala mammoths zinatha ndi nyama zina tsopano amatchedwa chuma. Chifukwa kutha kwa mikango phanga amaonedwa:

• nyengo kusintha;
• akatembenuka malo;
• ntchito ya munthu wosazindikira.

Nyengo ndi malo kusintha linaphwanya pamalo bwino okha mikango, ndi nyama zomwe amadya. Iwo adakhala wothyoledwa unyolo chakudya, zomwe zinachititsa kuti ikutha misa herbivores, mosatsata chakudya chofunikira, ndipo pambuyo anakhala zinatha, ndipo adani.

Man monga chifukwa cha imfa Unyinji wa nyama malasha kwa nthawi yaitali, izo sizinali ankaona. Koma asayansi ambiri samalingalira chakuti anthu wosazindikira mowirikiza kukulitsa bwino. Panali latsopano mitundu ya zida, kusaka, njira bwino kusaka. Munthu anakhala akudyetsedwa herbivores ndi ogwirira aphunzira kukana. Izi zingachititse kuti awonongedwe a mafupa nyama, kuphatikizapo phanga mkango. Tsopano inu mukudziwa mtundu wa nyama zomwe akhala zinatha monga chitukuko cha chitukuko anthu.

Popeza ochuluka amadza anthu pa chikhalidwe, wosazindikira buku la nkhani ya anthu kutha kwa mikango phanga, lero sizikuwoneka wosangalatsa.