Cattleya: chisamaliro kunyumba. Thirani ndi kubalana cattleya

Maluwa, pa zenera sills nyumba ndi maofesi ku zakutchire kukula makamaka pa mitengo, nthawi zina miyala ndi miyala. Izi otchedwa epiphytic "zosagwirizana ndi majeremusi, koma osati akufunikira nthaka yeniyeniyo wina wa oimira yowala mitundu ndi Cattleya. Care m'nyumba ya mbewu. Alibe osiyana bwino kuswana Phalaenopsis, koma pali mfundo zina zabwino.

zomera maonekedwe

Mu cattleya zakutchire kumachitika makamaka kotentha wa Central ndi South America. Makulidwe maluwa zimadalira kwambiri pa mitundu ndi zikhalidwe kukula. Pali onse toyesa si lalikulu kwambiri (za 30 cm), ndi chimphona (mpaka mamita 1.2, ndi zina zambiri).

Pali 65 mitundu ya Cattleya, ambiri amene anali akamagwira mating achilengedwe. Monga ulamuliro, maluwa izi si lalikulu kwambiri, koma wokongola lolimba masamba. kutalika akhoza zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira masentimita 10 mpaka 20.

M'nthawi ya ntchito chomera amakopa chidwi cha lalikulu (15 masentimita awiri), yowala kwambiri waxy maluwa. chiwerengero chawo zingasiyane monga ochekenera. Zambiri maluwa ndi wokoma, koma wosangalatsa kwambiri vanila kununkhira. Kukula mu kotentha, maluwa awa zambiri kuphedwa chifukwa cha moyo 2-3 chaka. Kunyumba, zinthu cattleya, chisamaliro ikuchitika malinga ndi malangizo a akatswiri, n'kutheka moyo zaka 6-7. nthawi yonseyi, iye nthawi ndikondwera ena ndi maluwa owala.

Kuyatsa ndi kuthirira

Malo abwino kwa kukula maluwa awa ankaona terrarium. Koma si abwino ndi poyela mphika wokwera pawindo ndi zinayang'ana kum'mwera kapena kumadzulo. Kuyatsa ayenera kwambiri zokwanira, ndiye malidza omasuka kwathunthu. Pankhaniyi, dzuwa ayenera kuzipewa.

Usiku, maluwa yabwino anachoka mu mdima, motero zenizeni chomera kusintha nthawi ya tsiku. Koma kuthirira Cattleya, mode ake ndi mwamphamvu zimadalira nthawi ya chaka. Pa kutentha mokwanira mkulu (pa 20 madigiri) zofunika chinyezi pafupifupi 80%. Pa mpweya wozizira 50%. Kupereka zinthu zimenezi maluwa ayenera nthawi sprayed. Ndondomeko bwino prodelyvat tsiku mu kasupe ndi chilimwe, kamodzi pa sabata mu chisanu ndi yophukira.

Madzi ayenera n'zodziwikiratu bezyzvestkovoy. Pakuti ichi muyenera mosamala kwambiri kuyan'ana chifukwa Pachifukwa chimenechi, zambiri odwala, ngakhale kufa Cattleya. Care kunyumba ayenera kukhala zotheka kuti yesezera ndi malo achilengedwe. Kuthirira maluwa m'chilimwe kawirikawiri (2-3 pasabata) ndi madzi firiji, amene ayenera kukhala laimu. M'nyengo yozizira, kuchita kawiri monga zochepa. Care ayenera kumwedwa kwa gawo lapansi pa nthawi zina kuti ziume bwino pakati waterings.

Kusankha mphika ndi nthaka

Ngati epiphytes onse, cattleya akonda kuwala. Pankhaniyi, sitiyenera kugwa okha pa masamba a chomera, komanso mizu yake, kumafuna kuika ndondomeko ya photosynthesis. Pachifukwa ichi, sankhani mphika kwenikweni mandala. Koma nthaka, woyenera gawo lapansi tingachipeze powerenga kwa makungwa epiphytic okhala, Moss polyurethane ndi mikanda polystyrene.

Mu nthawi ya zochitika amafuna kuvala zina. Ngati gawo lapansi lili fern makungwa, izo zikhoza kuchitidwa pa mwezi, mu nkhani ya kusapezeka zake zikuchokera - ndi kawiri monga mwina. Ndi chiwalitsiro okwanira ndi ulimi wothirira, komanso hydration yake ndi kudya yake ngakhale pa pawindo wamba akhoza kukula anzeru Cattleya. Photos (kusamalira zomera zinachitikadi ndi florists akatswiri) toyesa amenewa anapereka pamwamba.

kumuika

Kuti athe kukhazikitsa chomera, izo tikulimbikitsidwa kuti akwanitse kusintha nthawi ya gawo lapansi ndi. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, zaka 2 (makamaka masika) kupanga kumuika. Mphika akhoza kusiya lakale, koma osakaniza ayenera kukhala watsopano. Choyamba, mmera kuchotsedwa chotengeracho. Ndiye, anamuchotsera zatsalira makungwa ndi zinthu zina gawo lapansi. Izi zichitike mosamala kuti kuwononga mizu. Orchid anaika mu mphika, tulo osakaniza watsopano (madzi si koyenera). Thirani Cattleya pamodzi ndi feteleza yake kumathandiza kuti chitukuko ndi maluwa zambiri m'chilimwe.

Mosiyana ndi mbewu zina zambiri, pamene anaika mu mphika m'pofunika kusuntha pang'ono pakati, kusiya malo a chitukuko cha pseudobulb kutsogolo (mababu wonyengayo khalidwe la mtundu uwu). Pamene kukula chidwi wa maluwa Ndi bwino kupita kumbuyo kupereka malo choimirira. Ndi kuthirira ndandanda muyezo ayenera kuyamba palibe kale kuposa tsiku 10 kuchokera tsiku m'malo a gawo lapansi ndi.

kubalana

Mu chilengedwe zambiri kuchulukitsa mbewu maluwa. Njira imeneyi nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu Laboratories kapena greenhouses. Zimatheka njira ya kugawa zomera wamkulu panyumba. Cattleya, umene kuwononga kuswana maluwa ndi adzadzetsa zabwino, ayenera kukhala ndi pseudobulbs ochepa (osachepera 3-4). N'kugawana ndikofunikira pamaso maluwa. Izi zichitike mosamala, ndi kuchititsa kuwonongeka osachepera dongosolo muzu. Pomwepo kenaka (tuber), zomera anasiyanitsidwa ndi mpeni wakuthwa, tinkadula malo ankachitira ndi makala. Aliyense wa pseudobulbs zingabzalidwe payokha. Nthawi zina amabwera zochepa kwambiri, ndi kugawa mbewu powomba 2-3.

Kodi ngati Cattleya si pachimake

Mwatsoka, vutoli zambiri anakumana ndi alimi. Pofuna kuthetsa vutoli, m'pofunika kumvetsa chifukwa amene si ukufalikira maluwa (Cattleya). Kusamalira pa ntchito za mbewu (kwa mitundu yambiri ili ndi mapeto a kasupe - chiyambi cha dzinja) amafunika kusamalidwa. Chinthu choyamba kuonetsetsa kuti madzi ulimi kupopera sanali laimu (mungagwiritse ntchito madzi a mvula).

Kuonjezera Mwina maonekedwe a maluwa ndi kofunika kupereka kutentha kusiyana pakati pa usiku ndi usana, madigiri osachepera 3-4. Muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti maola mbewu osachepera ochepa tsiku ndi mu mdima (pali mitundu amene maluwa anapanga okha, pakalibe kuunika).

Matenda ndi tizilombo

Pali milandu pamene Cattleya mwadzidzidzi Lettered mdima ndi kuguluka masamba. The zifukwa angakhale angapo. Izi makamaka majeremusi kuti aukire zambiri zokwanira zomera zosowa. Pakati pa khalidwe ambiri Cattleya - sikelo tizilombo, nsabwe, nthata ndi mealybugs. Ndipo njira yabwino kwambiri kuthana nawo - kupewa. Cattleya, chisamaliro panyumba imene ikuchitika motsatira malamulo, ayenera mwadongosolo ankachitira ndi njira yapadera, kupewa asayembekezere. Posankha mankhwala ayenera nthawi zonse onetsetsani kuti mankhwala ndi oyenera mtundu wa maluwa.

Ngati majeremusi kale anaonekera, masamba sprayed ndi Malathion, amatanthauza "Rogor" kapena tincture wa fodya. Anandilola processing sopo madzi. Komabe, musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwala, onetsetsani kuti zomera kuwala kokwanira ndipo palibe chinyezi owonjezera. Mdima mawanga pa masamba nthawi zina zimachitika chifukwa chisamaliro zosayenera duwa.

mitundu ya Cattleya

Kuthengo, anapeza zoposa 60, koma kunyumba bwinobwino kukula ndi mapesi maluwa, osati onse. Pakati ambiri - Cattleya wosakanizidwa. More ndendende, lonse mndandanda wa maluwa akamagwira kudutsa onse kuthengo kapena zasayansi. Kwenikweni ndi zomera mwachilungamo lalikulu ndi maluwa owala a mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Iwo kusiyana ndi mdima, nthawi zina mabanga mlomo.

Wina, mofanana wamba, koma ang'onoang'ono kukula Cattleya Bowring osiyana m'dzinja maluwa (izo kawirikawiri amabwera pakati pa September). . Izi maluwa pinki-wofiirira mtundu, kutalika kwa tsinde lake ndi osapitirira 35 masentimita ndi zofanana kwambiri, koma pang'ono mbandakucha mu kamvekedwe - Cattleya Skinner. Kumasiyana, kuwonjezera pa hue - kasupe pachimake.

Mwapadera onse kukula ndi kayendetsedwe Cattleya Forbersa. Ndi yokulirapo, ndi zochepa velvety maluwa chikasu ndi yamawangamawanga zofiirira ndi milozo. Iwo amakhala ndi yowala vanila kukoma kufalikira mu chipinda.

Mu duwa masitolo nthawi zambiri tikhoza kupeza ena, mitundu kwambiri zosowa. Koma Mulimonsemo, cattleya, chisamaliro ikuchitika molondola, ndi moyo pafupi ndi zotheka anasangalala achilengedwe a mwini maluwa okongola yowala.

Amene pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana sangathe kupereka zomera ndi kutentha mokwanira ndi kuwala, yabwino - pachaka, maluwa amene amafanana mtundu wa maluwa m'njira zambiri. Iwo godetsiya.

Cattleya Terry

Ndi mtundu wa annuals ozizira zosagwira munda. Ndi abwino kwa kukula pa makonde ndi mabedi maluwa. Maluwa zambiri mu chilimwe. Ngakhale kuti angafanane chabe, ndipo dzina, mwachindunji zokhudzana Cattleya alibe. Godetsiya zochepa capricious, sikutanthauza chisamaliro chotero kusamala, ndi kuti akhale omasuka kwambiri chiwembu mwachizolowezi. Sitingathe kunena kuti maluwa akhoza m'malo otentha Cattleya, koma kwa iwo ndi maluwa duwa amakaniratu, kungakhale kwambiri njira.

Mmodzi wa akuluakulu a epiphytes otentha, pa zogulitsa kwa kukula miphika, ndi cattleya. Care m'nyumba ya zomera ndi zovuta kwambiri ndipo amafuna kudziwa zenizeni. Koma maluwa wake wokongola zambiri ndi wokoma vanila kukoma, popanda chikaiko mutayesetsa onse.