Bwana Communication m'lembali

M'nkhani ino tikukamba pa mfundo monga njira umafuna kulankhulana. bwana zokhudzana kupanga mawu. Choncho, pofuna kuti akumvetseni bwino nkhaniyi, muyenera choyamba chimatanthauza maganizo oti "mawu". Kuyambira pamenepo, ndipo tiyeni tiyambire.

Kodi nkhaniyo?

Lemba la kulankhula ndi mankhwala, chomwe ndi nambala ya Integrated dongosolo ambiri ndipo ndife anakonza mu ndondomeko makamaka za ziganizo. Mwina popereka mfundo zikuluzikulu ndi mutu mawu chamutu. Nkhani yaikulu mu phunziro lalikulu limagawidwa microtia angapo, zomwe kawirikawiri limafanana ndime. Zamalumikizidwe ndi mbali yofunika ya lembalo. Chiganizo chotsatirachi nthawi zonse chimakhudzana amene m'mbuyomu.

Zizindikiro a m'lemba

Pali zinthu zotsatirazi lemba la:

• pamaso pa mfundo zazikulu ndi mfundo;
• kuthekera kapena kuli mutu;
• kuvomerezedwa zamalankhulidwe kugwirizana pakati pa bwana wake;
• pamaso pa mbali awo;
• ntchito zosiyanasiyana chinenero zikutanthauza kulankhulana pakati pa zilembedwe payekha.

mbali zonse izi ziyenera kupezeka kuti kutha kunena kuti lemba patsogolo pathu.

njira zosiyanasiyana zotumizira mauthenga m'lembali

njira zosiyana za kulumikizana ndi maganizo lembalo anafika kalembedwe ndi zamalankhulidwe relatedness. Iwo anawagawa malembedwe, kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe ndi mawu. Tiyeni mwatsatanetsatane pa aliyense wa iwo.

njira Lexical cha maganizo kulankhulana

1. Mawu thupi limodzi la gulu thematic. Mwachitsanzo: "The yozizira ndi frosts yaitali ndipo kwambiri m'madera amenewa nthawi zina kufika madigiri 50 mpaka June chisanu Snowstorms kuchitika ngakhale mu April ...."
2. kubwereza Lexical (ie, mobwerezabwereza mawu ndi mawu), kuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito limodzi-mizu. Izi kubwerezabwereza mawu kapena mawu. Mu kulankhula njira imeneyi ntchito monga njira yowala ndi otchuka wa kulankhula. Izo ntchito kukwaniritsa kugwirizana ndi olondola a m'lemba timatha inu kupulumutsa utali wonse wa umodzi wa nkhaniyi. The Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi masitayilo kubwereza lexical m'njira zosiyanasiyana ntchito. Choncho, kwa nduna ndipo malonda ndi malemba sayansi ndi njira yaikulu kulenga kugwirizana. Malongosoledwe komanso amagwiritsa ntchito kubwereza. Zitsanzo zotsatirazi: "Pambuyo powerenga bukuli, iwo anakambirana yaitali m'buku kunapezeka kuti zimene takhala tikudikira pachabe Chiyembekezo awo ..."
3. N'chimodzimodzi ndi n'chimodzimodzi M'MALO (kuphatikizapo contextual, ofotokoza ndi n'chimodzimodzi zolowa ndi mtundu-mitundu lakuti). Kawirikawiri mauthenga awa nsembe ntchito likafunika zithunzi, kulankhula zokongola: kalembedwe mabuku luso kapena journalistic. Chitsanzo: ". Ntchito Pushkin kunali kofunika makamaka kwa pofuna kukwaniritsa Chirasha mabuku a ndakatulo kwambiri mu ntchito zake anakwanitsa kuphatikiza akutenga ndalama zakunja, mkulu staroslavyanizmy, komanso zinthu za mawu chitachitika moyo." Iwo akhoza kulankhula osati maganizo osiyana, koma kuchita monga njira kulankhulana chiganizo zovuta kuti kupewa kubwereza.
4. Otsutsana (kuphatikizapo contextual). Chitsanzo: ". Ena amati ndi assents adani."
5. Mawu ndi mawu ena asapita zomveka, komanso mwachidule, monga, kotero kuti ndi chifukwa chake, pomaliza, kulonga n'cigwagwa, ndizoonekeratu pamenepa ndi zina. Chitsanzo: "A zambiri mchere zili m'nyanjamo N'chifukwa chake sangathe ntchito pophika zakudya zosiyanasiyana.".

njira Morphological kulankhulana

1. Tinthu anagwirizana mawu ndi mabungwe kumayambiriro kwa ziganizo. chitsanzo amagwiritsa ntchito njira kulankhulana pakati ziganizo za ". Shumit mvula kunja kwa mazenera kunyumba kwathu koma momasuka ndi ofunda."
2. Ntchito index, munthu (mu munthu wachitatu) ndi mawu ena mmalo mwa chiganizo yapita mawu akuti: ". Munthu si kudzera mwa chinenero cholowa iye imapezeka mu ndondomeko kulankhulana lotha".
3. Ntchito adverbs nthawi ndi malo, kuti akhale zogwirizana mkati tanthauzo la kwa bwana angapo. Amachita pa nthawi yofanana ndi palokha. Chitsanzo cha kumene ntchito njira zofanana mawu kulankhulana m'sentensi: "Pa pomwe aone kuti nyanja glittered madzi ake mitengo Small anali wobiriwira Kulikonse kuno inu kuyembekezera mtendere ndi bata ...."
4. Umodzi osiyana mitundu nthawi anagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malemba-mkhalidwe mneni. chitsanzo amagwiritsa ntchito njira kulankhulana pakati ziganizo kuti: "Mwadzidzidzi usiku anabwera kunali mdima woopsa zinagwira moto nyenyezi zakumwamba ..."
5. Ntchito adverbs ndi adjectives, madigiri osiyana chitsanzo. Chitsanzo: "malo The anali bwino ndipo zinali zosatheka kuti abwere ndi wodabwitsa." Kapena "Ife ndinakwera phiri pamwamba munalibe chilichonse yaitali anthu oyandikana nawo.".

aya malembedwe

1. Syntactic kufanana, zomwe zikusonyeza kukhalapo kwa yemweyo kuti mawu ndi kulembetsa morphological amapereka anthu ena ataima pafupi. Chitsanzo: ". Childhood - nthawi osasamala za kukhwima - ndi nthawi yaikulu." Chitsanzo china: "Papita tsiku lomaliza otsala pamaso Khirisimasi anadza bwino yozizira usiku Rose mwezi majestically mu mlengalenga, kuwala dziko, ndi anthu abwino ..." Dziwani kuti onse atatu a bwana izi zochokera pa "nkhani + akuti". Text kudzera phwando monga kufanana syntactic, ndi zolondola, "kutsamira" mawu a dongosolo. Dongosolo lomwelo la anthu analemba, kuwonjezera, nyumba Nenani ndipo kumatithandiza kukhazikitsa limasonyeza pakati pa zochitika payekha. Syntactic kufanana mu lemba la nthawi zambiri, koma sayenera mwachindunji "unabwera": izo "anawona" mwa mitundu omwewo chikhalidwe. Syntactic kufanana ntchito monga kuyankhulana akutanthauza chiganizo zovuta pakati pa ziwalo zake.
2. Parcelling (ie magawano) la nyumba zosiyanasiyana, kuchotsa mbali ina ya maganizo ndi kamangidwe kake (pambuyo nyengo) ngati osiyana, kudzikonda chosakwanira. "Kukonda dziko lawo - kumatanthauza moyo naye Zimapweteka ndi wokondweretsa katundu pamene tchuthi dziko ..."
3. Ntchito mawu a ziganizo chosakwanira. Mwachitsanzo: "Kodi mukudziwa, zimene tinakambirana za luso, nyimbo, mabuku?".
4. Ntchito ziganizo koyambirira ndipo mawu, mafunso odzutsa chidwi, apilo. Chitsanzo: ". M'pofunika, choyamba, kuti tipeze zinthu zofunika kwambiri pompano Kachiwiri, m'pofunika kuchita nthawi yomweyo."
5. Ntchito n'zosiyana kapena mwachindunji mawu dongosolo. "Ine adzabwera m'mawa. Ndibweranso kukuwona."
6. M'lembali, kuwonjezera pa zimenezi, Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito associative kapena zamalankhulidwe mbali kugwirizana.

nsembe mauthenga awa ali osati kumangako. ntchito zawo zimadalira mtundu Nkhani makamaka kalembedwe la wolemba, nkhani okhutira. Ma kungakhale kukhudzana komanso lakutali (ndipo akhoza kumumanga bwana kutali Chrixitu). Kuyenera siyanitsa ndi njira zolankhulirana ndi njira ya mbali iyi ya chiweruzo zovuta. Iwo zingasiyane, koma mwina lifanane ndi zimene anagwiritsa ntchito ku yosavuta. Makamaka, ziganizo zovuta njira kulankhula amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga zolumikizira. Iwo amagwiritsa ntchito kaphatikizidwe ziganizo osavuta, ngakhale kamodzikamodzi.

Njira bwana kulankhulana lemba

Tidzapitiriza kuwulula chidwi mutu. Tikumbukenso kuti njira ndi njira umafuna kulankhulana - mfundo zosiyana. Tafotokoza njira zosiyanasiyana. Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane njira (mwinamwake amatchedwa maganizo). Iwo awiri: kufanana ndi unyolo kugwirizana. Taganizirani mwatsatanetsatane lililonse njira.

unyolo ulalo

Unyolo (ie, yotsatana) amasonyeza chitukuko cha zochitika, zochita, maganizo sequentially. The malemba mwatsatanetsatane ichi chomangira akufanana ndi mawu ndi mawu yapitayi: amaoneka kuti kutsatira mzake. Mu iliyonse m'mbuyomu "latsopano" akukhala "ndipo anapatsidwa" chifukwa pempholo, kuwatsatira.

Mwa ichi mtundu kulankhulana amakhala n'chimodzimodzi oloŵa m'malo, replays, zolumikizira, akuti, zamalankhulidwe Kugwirizana ndi zogwirizana. Izo ntchito chinenero cha Chirasha mu masitaelo onse. Ichi ndi ambiri, njira yabwino yaikulu kulumikiza ku lemba la pempholo.

Chitsanzo: "Chotsalira ife tiri kunyanja Zinali bata kwambiri ndi kwambiri kudekha Komabe, izi zinali zonyenga ..."

kugwirizana kufanana

kugwirizana kufanana ndi pamene bwana motsutsana kapena poyerekeza ndi mzake, ndipo kuwamanga. Bukuli lili ndi ofanana kapena ofanana mu dongosolo, i.e. nyumba yomweyi, amene ntchito zambiri zofanana m'maonekedwe ndi kasewenzetsedwe ka mau nthawi predicates.

Mzere oyamba mu malemba ambiri, kumene mogwirizana yomweyi, ndi kwa onse wotsatira "deta". Iwo kukhala ndi concretize lingaliro, amene anasonyeza mmenemo ( " 'kupereka nthawi yomweyo mu maganizo onse ndi ofanana, koma choyamba).

Njira yaikulu ntchito mogwirizana yomweyi: Kulowetsa mawu, Syntactic kufanana, adverbs nthawi ndi malo (poyamba, apo, nditasiya, kulondola, etc.) (lomaliza choyamba neri Al.). Izo ntchito kaŵirikaŵiri mu nkhani ndi kufotokozera.

Chitsanzo: "Nkhalango padziko athanzi Iwo sali okha chachikulu Laboratories yotulutsa mpweya monga iwo kuyamwa gasi wakupha ndi kufumbiko iwo anayankha kuti ..." Mapapo dziko lathu ".

Pomaliza

Choncho, m'nkhani ino ife anayang'ana pa njira zosiyanasiyana ndipo njira umafuna kulankhulana, amene ntchito m'lembali kuti amapanga mgwirizano. Ndithudi, ife kutchulidwa chodabwitsa sifikira zosiyanasiyana zonse. Komanso, nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti malemba ntchito pa ndalama nthawi yomweyo wachokera ku mbali zosiyanasiyana.