Buinichi munda - chikumbukiro zovuta. Kutetezedwa Mogilev

Soviet Union, tikhoza kunena, analowa Wachiwiri World nkhondo, kuziyika izo modekha, anavutika. Patsogolo mphamvu German kwenikweni kusesa waulesi bwino akupingapinga mu njira yake. Onongani nkhonya anadza mu mbiri Byelorussian a Belarus anayamba kubwezeretsanso masamba zomvetsa chisoni kwa masiku oyamba a nkhondo.

Mantha bungwe mthunzi

Amene watambasula amakhulupirira kuti Soviet Union anali kukonzekera kuti aukire Nazi Germany. Mu mabwalo ena, izo zimayambitsa kukayikira ena: pambuyo pa zonse, pambuyo chilengezo cha nkhondo, Red Army anatsimikizira chofooka kwambiri nkhondowo imapanga. Kuti zikukambidwa, ngati sabata pambuyo inayamba kumenyana ndi mdani kale Minsk?

zochitika za adani a likulu la Republic salemekeza njira Soviet: kanthawi anali atazunguliridwa ndi 23 magulu a Western Front agonja. Mkaidi anatembenuka anthu 324.000, ndipo oposa 300,000 anaphedwa: mbiri ya Belarus, ndigwira kudziwika monga kulephera chadzaoneni.

Mwamantha kulera makhalidwe

Stalin anayankha kuti chochitikacho m'njira wake khalidwe, anati pa msonkhano wa Politburo wa imawonongeka (kuika kufufuza) cholowa Lenin a. Ndipo pa July 22 mkulu wa Western Front, Pavlov ndi asilikali ena asanu nawo chitetezo cha likulu la Belarus, anamangidwa ndi kunyongedwa chifukwa cha kuukira boma. Major General Kopec safuna kudikira tsoka mosalephera zoopsa ndi mfuti yekha atamva za zomvetsa anapalamula ndege pa tsiku loyamba la nkhondo.

kukhwimitsa sizinathandize chifukwa. Pambuyo kugonjetsa chopweteka kwambiri ndi Red Army anali nkhongono, si kupezera apamwamba kutsutsidwa. Achifasizimu pafupifupi seamlessly anasamukira ku dziko, lendi Mogilev kunkaoneka.

Wokonzeka chitetezo cha

Kukonzekera chitetezo cha mzindawo zinachitikadi feverishly. July 5, General Bakunin anatenga lamulo la 61 Corps, amene ntchito anali chitetezo cha Mogilev. Pa tsiku lomwelo, magawano Corps nawo nkhondoyo.

Mu mzinda detachments inakhazikitsidwa asilikali anthu. July 10, iwo kale anawerenga anthu pafupifupi 12 chikwi. Patangotha masiku ochepa chabe, achita ntchito yaikulu: anakumba odana thanki dzenje, anamanga bunkers ndi dugouts, anakumba dongosolo lonse la kunkhondo.

Ofooka kukumbukira kotunga umboni wa gulu mwachindunji zinachitika. Choncho, Voevodin Wapolisiyo anakumbukira kuti zida zankhondo asilikali inali ntchito lodabwitsa. malo ankhondo, zikuoneka, ndi lodzaza kuti mayunitsi mongodzipereka anali kupita kumenyera malo ndi kusonkhanitsa chikho (makamaka German) zida.

malire ake ankhondo Kutsekeledwa mpaka izo zikanakhala zotheka, Titanic khama kuteteza dziko la kwawo; chitetezo cha Mogilev unatenga masiku 23 ndipo zinatha kugonjetsedwa, koma zodabwitsa za ungwazi ndi zokometsera kwa mzinda, sanali pachabe. Miniti iliyonse kukaniza wosimidwa ndi dziko la Germany ankaimba: dziko lalikulu analandira reprieve kwa anthu kutengapo mbali.

anthu ft

Tiponye Mogilev Germany anayamba July 12, kusankha machenjerero ake ankakonda "nkhupakupa". Kumpoto kwa mzinda anacititsa mozungulira ndi mosavuta: 53 ndi oyenda Division, anabwera pansi kuwawa, anali anagonjetsa, ubale ndi lamulo lake ankafunika. Koma ku mbali zina Anazi nacho chodzidzimutsa chonyansa: kuno kugona awononge amunamuna 172 Division awo pansi pa lamulo la Major General Romanov.

Pa Buinichi munda (ili pafupi ndi mudzi wa Buinichi) nkhondo anatenga 388 TH oyenda Regiment msilikali Kutepov. Kudziwa mkulu uyu wakhala lodziwika bwino. Anali mwamuna wankhondo, monga iwo amati, kwa Mulungu: a luso, wolimba mtima, waluso munthu amene si mantha kutenga udindo.

Lowopsya nkhondo inatenga maola 14, zomvetsa mbali zonse zinali zoopsa. Wa 70 akasinja German anasiya pa yojambula ndi, asilikali Soviet anatha kuwononga anthu 39 ananena kuti zochitika kuti zida zankhondo thandizo anali osakwanira okwanira, makamaka wokhudza zipolopolo - osagwira (ndi komwe, ngati inu muli kale mu mwezi wa July izo ikuchitika yekha mpweya, kenako mu 1941, izo analamulira popanda wopikisana naye Luftwaffe). Koma tiyeni firebombs ndipo sayenera kukhala chida zonse, okonzeka asilikali, yokonzedwa bwino ndi Anazi anakakamizika abwerere.

Tsiku lotsatira, 13 July, 3 oti muli nazo zida Division mdani anapanga pofuna wina kugumula kwa mzinda, koma kachiwiri analephera. nthawi iyi nkhondo inatenga maola 10. 172 Division mpaka July 22 umachitika Buinichi munda (Mogilev ndewu unayamba kale pa nthawi).

Non-yobereka German mphoto

Kulimbikira a asilikali Soviet anali anadabwa zosasangalatsa kwa Germany, amene ankaona kofunika kubisala kwa wokondedwa wake Mtsogoleri wa choonadi owawa. Mlingo anasimba apambana mwa miyezi oyambirira a chigonjetso m'derali ndipo ichi chinali chifukwa cha curiosities angapo. Pamene Buinichi bokosi anagwedeza ku mabomba a zipolopolo, ndipo ngakhale ankalamulira asilikali Mogilev Soviet, ndi German udindo asilikali, tisekere anasonkhana mu mzinda, amene akukhulupirira kwa nthawi yaitali, iye anabwera molunjika ku likulu m'dera la Red Army.

Mu nkhani yomweyo mu achifasizimu mulu amene anagonjetsa magalimoto atatu mphoto "Pakuti adani a Moscow" - Hitler mtima wonse ankakhulupirira kuti chochitika chosaiwalika basi kuzungulira ngodya (akhoza amati ndi kuzindikira oterowo ofooka). mendulo Non-yobereka zilipodi, anakhala mwini amanyadira Mogilev Museum Regional.

kukumbukira wosatha

Tikumbukenso kuti munda si Buinichi mobwerezabwereza umboni mmene anthu kupha anzawo ndi mtima wonse. Back mu 1595 apo zinachitika nkhondo wamagazi pakati pa asilikali wamba kupanduka kutsogoleredwa ndi Severin Nalivaiko ndi Duchy la asilikali Lithuania. The zigawenga analibe mwayi kupambana (ndinali mphamvu kwambiri wosiyana), koma anakwanitsa kuthawa. Mu 1812, ku Russia kumenyana apa gulu la nkhondo Napoleon a. Pa WWII Buinichi munda kachiwiri wambiri magazi anaziviika-.

May 9, 1995 pa malo oopsa kumenyana ndi asilikali Soviet, anatsegula chikumbutso zovuta, kulengedwa ndi mapulani ndi Chalenko Baranovsky.

Chikumbutso zovuta

Iwo ali maekala oposa 20 ndipo akuyamba pakhomo, chokongoletsedwa wachisomo Arcade. Kwa izo, limodzi la kunjira zinayi, mungathe kufika pakati pa zikuchokera - pa tchalitchi, kumene mtembo wa zokometsera akufa kwa mzindawo. maina awo (amene amadziwika) ali chosema pa slabs nsangalabwi anaika pamodzi Makoma a chipinda.

Zovuta ali wamng'ono yokumba dziwe, ndilo lotchedwa Nyanja ya Misozi. Ndi msonkho ophiphiritsa misozi ndi chisoni amayi, ana amene anachotsa nkhondo. Suli kutali m'tchalitchi alinso Museum zida za nkhondo, ena ndi zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho wapadera.

chipilala kuti ndakatulo iyi

Imodzi mwa njira ya yochokera ku likulu la zovuta za, anadzipereka kuti Konstantin Simonov, woyambitsa wa ntchito ambiri otchuka (makamaka pa "Dikirani kwa ine"). Ndiye kukazikoloŵeka mwala ndi lolembedwa chamadzulo pa Buinichi munda anabalalitsa phulusa a ndakatulo iyi pambuyo pa imfa yake.

Simonov kwenikweni umboni ndewu yotentha: anali pafupi Mogilev July 13-14, ndi payekha anadziwa msilikali Kutepov, maganizo akatswiri khalidwe limene wofunika kwambiri. Pa nthawi ya nkhondoyo, Simoni anatumikira monga nkhondo mtolankhani wa "Izvestia", ndi Nkhondo ya Buinichi kumunda nkhondowo wake woyamba zinachitikira kwambiri unazokotedwa mu mtima wanga.

The ungwazi wa zokometsera mumzinda anapanga Konstantin Mikhailovich chidwi kuti ngakhale kukangana za Mogilev conferring mutu wa ngwazi-mzinda mobwerezabwereza anapita ndipo anakumana ndi gulu zinachitika.

"Inde, ife tiri kukhalamo, osati ndikuiwala"

Onani Simonov "Tsiku Hot" linasindikizidwa mu "Izvestia" pa July 20. Pamaso pa kugwa kwa Mogilev, anaitana cholinga mwachinsinsi mzinda A masiku asanu ndi atatu, koma mtima umene asilikali Soviet wotanganidwa malire kumbuyo, wakhala nzothandiza zabwino kulimbikitsa makhalidwe a Red Army. Mogilev ina ngakhale kutchedwa atate wa Stalingrad ndi Buinichi munda wakhala chizindikiro cha kulimba mtima onse, osasweka wosankha zochita, kufuna kuteteza kwawo mdani.

Nkhondo, ndi ungwazi wa zokometsera wa mzinda, nayenso, sikunapite pachabe: khama lawo anatumikira monga cholepheretsa kuti ankhondowo, anataya nthawi wapatali pano, yemwe anali umafunika kwa mbali zonse.

Chikumbukiro zovuta "Buinichi munda" - anapita malo. Belarusians, ambiri, ikukhudzana bwanji ndi nkhani ake mosamala kwambiri: posamalira chipilala asilikali wagwa, ngakhale inali ku midzi yakutali ulemu kwa ungwazi anthu amene anali kupereka nsembe okha chifukwa cha moyo wa mibadwo ya m'tsogolo.