Broadsword - kudula ndi kuboola zida. Kufotokozera ndi chithunzi

Mu masiku akale, pamene nkhondo kwathunthu chogwidwa konsekonse chida maganizo a anthu pofunafuna njira zatsopano kuwononga mtundu wawo analenga lupanga - mtanda pakati lupanga ndi saber. Yake, nthawi zina awiri konsekonse, tsamba Raziel mdani mogwira mtima kuti kwa zaka mazana mu arsenals a mayiko ambiri a ku Ulaya ndi ku Asia.

Zinthu m'manda akale

Oyambirira zitsanzo broadswords anapezeka ali m'manda a Bulgarians - anthu chiyambi Turkic amene anakakhala IV ndi V m'ma steppe wa Europe South-East. Ngakhale chotero lothandiza kutali, iye anali onse makhalidwe omwewo kuti anapulumuka mpaka tsiku lino.

Zinali kagawo ndi amakankhira chida ndi mwachindunji awiri konsekonse tsamba, mpaka mita m'litali, Efeso, n'cholinga chofuna kuteteza manja ndi pang'ono yokhota kumapeto hilt. Amadziwika kuti kapena ofanana kwambiri broadswords ntchito panthawi Khazars, Avars, Alans, ndipo ambiri nthumwi zina za anthu akale.

Malupanga m'manja mwa asilikali Asian

Similar zomangidwa ndi maonekedwe a zida bladed zinali ponseponse mu mayiko a East ndi ku Central Asia. M'zaka XIII-XIV, iwo anali atakonzekera ndi Chitata Mongol khamu, amene anachita anawazunza awo wamagazi ndi unachitikira mu kumvera mbali yaikulu ya Russia wakale. malupanga awo anali unilateral umapezeka, kulenga wankhondo ena ntchito zida wokwera nkhondowo chifukwa kulemera ang'onoang'ono. Komanso, savuta amapanga choncho mtengo.

Zida za Caucasus

Iwo ankagwiritsa ntchito komanso Caucasus ndi Middle East. Mbali wamba broadswords anapanga kum'maŵa gunsmiths, anali ofooka dzanja chitetezo. Efeso sanagone dongosolo zovuta, ndilo khalidwe la chitsanzo Western kwa nthawi kenako, ndipo anali, monga ulamuliro, yekha mtanda kuchokera Arc lapansi.

Pakati broadswords, zomwe zida anthu a Caucasus amadziwika otchedwa Frangulov. Iwo anagawira Khevsurs - mafuko okhala mtsinje beseni Khevsurian Aragvi ndi malire kumtunda kwa Argun. hilt awo ndi scabbard okovyvalis mkuwa kapena chitsulo mbale ndi kochulukira chokongoletsedwa ndi dongosolo kalembedwe dziko. Ankagwiritsa ntchito malupanga ndi Georgia. Mbali awo anali chogwirira, ofanana mu maonekedwe anthu panthawi ina Tingaone mu zidutswa apakavalo.

Broadswords ntchito amisiri Indian

Anthu ambiri chida anali lupanga, ndi ku India. Apa, mapulani ake anali ndi makhalidwe ake, wamkulu amene ali mawonekedwe a tsamba. Ndi kutalika masentimita za makumi asanu ndi atatu ndi chimodzi amaganiza Kukulitsa iye Wampekera ndi ena kutambasuka kwa mapeto, anali chowulungika. Komanso, kusiyana choyambirira wamphamvu ndi molondola amateteza hilt dzanja, wopangidwa mwa makapu awiri cholukanalukana ndi gulu zitsulo. Mapulani ankatchedwa Kunda.

Pa malemu Middle Ages, anaonekera mu India ndi mtundu wina wa broadswords, wotchedwa Firangi. zochokera kwa iye anagona mu tsamba lomwe linali lakuthwa theka, ndiye mbali kumbuyo m'ndende mpaka theka, ndipo Dengu hilt, adali ndi kukwera lakuthwa, muja kuchita mdani.

Zitsanzo loyamba la Western broadswords European

Mu Ulaya, mtundu wa chida anaonekera ndi mochedwa - m'zaka XVI, koma kamodzi timaliyamikira kwambiri ndi ambiri. Mu makumi anai ndi, hussars Chihangare kuti athandize kwa saber chikhalidwe pa nthawi anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito lupanga lake.

Zida ananamizira pafupi mpando ndipo ali makamaka ntchito koopsa, amene anali yabwino kwambiri chifukwa cha tsamba yaitali. Pa nthawi yomweyo chogwirira kamangidwe, ndi ena anafanana yokhota kumapeto saber, akuigwiritsa analola kupulumutsa zodabwitsa zamphamvu.

Kumapeto kwa XVI m'ma chogwirika kutsogolera kufala zina za broadswords anali kuoneka mu Ulaya mayunitsi zonse asilikali lolemera - cuirassiers. Mbali yofunika ya zida zawo kumbuyo anali pachifuwa cha chitsulo - cuirass, molondola amateteza nkhonya saber, koma ali pangozi tsamba olemera ndi yaitali, omwe anali okonzeka ndi mtundu mwapadera anayamba wa chida anapita mu mbiri monga cuirassiers lupanga.

Latsopano Scottish gunsmiths

Pa nthawi yomweyo zimathandiza kuti chilengedwe cha zitsulo ozizira anapanga Scotland. Izo analengedwa, ndipo anadzakhala otchuka mu UK otchedwa Scotland broadsword. Ngati ndi iwiri lupanga lakuthwa konsekonse ambiri ndi anafanana ndi anthu amene okonzeka ndi malupanga, alonda - hilt m'manja kuteteza kwa msilikali, ndi chinthu chatsopano.

Unali waukulu kwambiri ndipo akufanana ndi ngolo ndi ambiri nthambi. Iye anabalalitsa pamwamba lamkati la khungu kapena wofiira veleveti. Komanso, hilt chokongoletsedwa ndi maburashi zopangidwa horsehair. Chi lupanga zambiri ntchito molumikizana ndi chishango yaing'ono chonse. kuphatikiza amalola kuchita onse kumbuyo ndi amanyansidwa nkhondo.

Walloon malupanga

Ochita kafukufuku amakhulupirira kuti European Western lupanga - chida, chifukwa kusintha kwa analipo apakavalo lupanga lolemera, imene inkatchedwa chishalo, monga izo kawirikawiri pritorachivalas mpando. Pa nkhani imeneyi, poyamba uja broadswords Walloon malupanga, mutu m'dera la Belgium, kumene mtundu wa chida zinalengedwa. Mbali awo khalidwe penapake asymmetrical hilt, molondola kuteteza dzanja la wankhondo kudzera mbale ali okonzeka ndi arches ambirimbiri ndi crosspiece yopingasa.

nthawi yatsopano - mumaganiza latsopano

Mu XVII atumwi ku magulu ankhondo a mayiko ambiri European pali zida yogwirizanitsa ndondomeko. Poyamba, limodzi muyezo umodzi mwachidule maalumali ndi squadrons, ndiyeno lonse mitundu apakavalo. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, lupanga, chida chimene ankagwiritsa ntchito pamaso apakavalo lonse, popanda yekha, wakhala mbali ya zida za dragoon ndi cuirassier mbali.

Pofika cha m'ma XVIII zasintha kamangidwe ka tsamba. Mu malo tsamba awiri konsekonse anabwera lakuthwa mbali imodzi yokha ndi kukhala mbuyo yosamveka. Komabe yekha anali mawonekedwe ake ndi miyeso, amene anakhalabe zida mokwanira amphamvu ndi katundu.

magulu zida chiphaso

Kwa zaka zitatu, ku XVI m'ma XIX, lupanga anaigwiritsa ntchito kokha pa dziko komanso pa nyanja. Iye anali mbali yofunika ya zida magulu chiphaso - ndi mgugu Zankhanza amene anakokera zitsulo mbedza m'ngalawa ndi chombo mdani, anathamangira melee lapansi. Mabasiketi hilted lupanga anali wosiyana wake dziko anzathu, choyamba, chakuti msilikali anali wopangidwa mwa mawonekedwe a zipolopolo.

Panali kusamvana ena. Wake mmodzi ndiye amaganiza tsamba adali ndi kutalika, kufika masentimita makumi asanu ndi atatu, ndi m'lifupi anayi masentimita, anali mosatsata fullers - kotenga njira cholinga kuchepetsa kulemera ndi kupereka mphamvu zina. Chikutanthauza nyanja ngati lupanga oyenda, amene anali mbali yemweyo dongosolo la tsamba.

Broadswords la asilikali Russian

Mu Russia, lupanga anaonekera kwa zaka za m'ma XVII mochedwa. Ichi chinali chifukwa ndi kuchuluka lalikulu la alonda usilikali yachilendo zambiri kubwera nawo mfuti ndi mipeni. Photos, anatsiliza nkhaniyi akupereka broadswords angapo kuti nthawi, anachita mu Moscow, koma mwa zitsanzo yachilendo. Kwa iwo, monga mmene taonera, yodziwika ndi mumbali mwa khasu, zovuta kutsatira kuwaza pa kavalo wake, ndi mtanda, adali ndi mwachindunji kapena ayanjane nsonga tsamba.

Kotala loyamba la m'zaka XVIII, pansi Peter Ine, m'khamu Russian anakhazikitsidwa mu regiments dragoon monga mmodzi wa mitundu zothandiza kwambiri apakavalo lolemera. Mbali yaikulu mbali ya zida zawo zinali lupanga - chida yabwino wosakanikirana mtundu wa asilikali. Kuuza pakuti wauka zikuchepa, kuyambira kuwonjezera dragoon mayunitsi, iwo anali atakonzekera ndi kavalo-grenadier ndi karabinerskie maalumali.

Kupanga ndi malangizo a broadswords

Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, anayamba kupanga njira fakitare, motero poyamba yogwirizanitsa zina, koma, kuwonjezera, ambiri a broadswords omasulidwa kuchoka kudziko lina. Mu Ulaya, yaikulu kupanga anali Tawuni ya Solingen, umene panthawi imeneyo opareshoni angapo malonda, okhazikika kupanga zitsulo ozizira.

Anapanga mu Russia broadswords anali zingapo zochititsa chosiyana. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala inakhazikitsa mu ulamuliro wa Mfumukazi Catherine Wachiwiri, chokongoletsedwa ndi chosema chosonyeza korona ndi monogram ake - "E II». The scabbard anapangidwa chikopa kapena nkhuni wokutidwa ndi chikopa. Mwambo umenewu mpaka 1810, pamene lamulo la Alexander I, iwo anali opangidwa ndi zitsulo. Yekha ndi amene anali ndi saber kukwera, amene scabbard anali akadali chikopa.

Palash monga mtundu palokha zida bladed kwambiri zofala zoyambirira za m'ma XIX. Panthawi imeneyi, onyamula Russian ndi makamu ambiri European anali angapo mitundu wake. Pakati pawo ofufuza utoto alonda Cuirassier lupanga, cuirassiers asilikali, dragoons, ndipo potsiriza, ndi oyenda lupanga. Aliyense wa mitundu ali makhalidwe yake. Common ndi mbali zawo anakhala tsamba kamangidwe, amene wakhala kuyambira chiyambi cha m'ma XIX konsekonse.

Zida, amene wakhala kowonera zakale chidutswa

Masiku ano, malupanga Tingaone kokha m'manja mwa asilikali onyamula mbendera ulemu alonda pa Naval mndandanda wa Russia. patsogolo sayansi ndi luso mbaathamangisamo wa arsenals ano. Tsoka chomwecho anachitika zida pafupifupi onse konsekonse. Photos m'nkhani ino, ndi mtundu wa retrospective m'dziko makedzana kumene, kulera fumbi, anapitiriza kuukira apakavalo chiphalaphala, ndi sparkled mu dzuwa adaombera kwa thambo masamba akuopsa.