Blyukrop Buluu: malongosoledwe osiyanasiyana, kulima ndi kusamalira, chithunzi

Buluu ndi wokhala ku taiga glades ndi madambo. Koma zipangizo zamakono zamakono zimathandiza kuti zikhalidwe zambiri za m'nkhalango zizikula bwino pamabwinja. Makamaka okondedwa ndi abuluu wakulima Blyukrop. Kulongosola kwa mitundu yosiyana, yomwe timapereka ndi tsatanetsatane wa tsatanetsatane, sikudzakayikira pang'ono kuti mabulosi abwinowa ayenera kugulidwa ndi kubzalidwa m'munda wanu. N'chifukwa chiyani mukuyenera kukulitsa blueberries, ndipo n'chifukwa chiyani Blyukrop? Pafupifupi chirichonse mu dongosolo.

Chiwerengero cha kukula

Kukhala ndi chomera chilichonse pamtunda, ndikofunika kudziwa komwe kumachokera. Izi zimathandiza kumvetsetsa zomwe zida za chisamaliro zidzafuna nyama yatsopano yobiriwira. Ponena za heroine ya nkhani yathu zidzakhala zolondola kunena "American Blueberry Blyukrop."

Malongosoledwe osiyanasiyana amasonyeza kuti abambo ake a ku America anazitulutsa, ndipo mu mafakitale amagwiritsa ntchito kuyambira 1952. Ku US, Blyukrop ndiyomweyi, ikukula kwambiri ku North America. Ndipo m'chilengedwe, mabulosi a buluu amapezeka m'madera onse, kumene sikusentha m'chilimwe komanso kuzizizira m'nyengo yozizira.

Ku Russia, umalimidwa m'madera onse ndi nyengo yozizira, kuphatikizapo dera la Moscow, Leningrad Region, Far East, Trans-Urals, ndi Western Siberia.

Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti mtundu wa bluecrop umatchedwa kuti American blueberries kapena American blueberries, chifukwa zipatso za maluwa awiriwa ndi ofanana kwambiri. Koma palinso kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pawo, makamaka ponena za zokolola ndi makhalidwe a kukoma. Choncho, pamene mutenga mmera, onetsetsani kuti ndi buluu Blyukrop. Kulongosola kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana, mofananamo makhalidwe ake akunja, kumathandiza kuti musalakwe ndi kusankha.

Kodi Blucrople ikuwoneka bwanji?

Mitengo yonse ya Golubik mitundu ndi mamembala a banja la Vereskov ndipo ali ndi zitsamba zakuda. M'nyengo ya kasupe, masamba omwe amawoneka ngati mazira a matani obiriwira obiriwira amawonekera pa nthambi zawo. Zonse m'chilimwe ngakhale popanda zipatso zitsamba zimakhala zokongola kwambiri. Koma zimakhala zokongola makamaka m'dzinja, pamene masamba obiriwira amasintha ku khungu lofiira-lalanje-lofiirira. Ndicho chimene Blyukrope chabuluu amawoneka ngati.

Malongosoledwe a zosiyana, chithunzi chomwe chimasonyeza chidwi chake kuposa mawu, tinaganiza kuti tiyambe ndi korona, kotero kuti awo omwe akufuna kudzala chomeracho pa malo awo, amagwiritsanso ntchito mawonedwe ake abwino. Mabulosi a Buluu Blyukrop, monga oimira ena a mitundu, ndi chiwindi chautali ndipo, mosamala, amasangalatsa ndi kukongola kwake kwa zaka 100. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kutalika kwa chitsamba chokongola, koma chophwima, kufika mamita 1.7-2.1 chifukwa cha icho, sichikuwonjezereka.

Ndikofunikira kuti chisamaliro choyenera chidziwe zomwe zili muzu wa Buluu Blyukrop. Kulongosola kwa mitundu yosiyana sikudzatha ngati simukusonyeza kuti mizu ya mabulosiyi ndi yaing'ono, yosasunthika, yomwe ili pamtunda wosachepera 40 cm kuchokera pamwamba pa dziko lapansi. Palibe zopukutira pa iwo, kotero iwo amapeza chakudya kuchokera ku hyphae wa bowa lapadera, kumangirira pamwamba ndi kulowa mkati. Mizu ya blueberries imayamba kukulira ndi kutupa kwa impso, ikaniyimire kuyambira May ndikuyambiranso kachikale nthawi yakucha. Nthaŵi yomweyo kutentha kwa mpweya kumatsika mpaka +5, mizu imagona mpaka kasupe.

Maluwa a blueberries amangofanana ndi mbiya zopanda chivindikiro kapena mabelu, zomwe zimakhala kuti sizingatheke. Mtundu wawo ukhoza kukhala woyera kapena wa pinki, ndipo kutalika kwake kumafikira 1 masentimita. Blueberries imaphukira mu May, mungu wochokera ndi tizilombo.

Kufotokozera zipatso

Ziribe kanthu kuti chitsambacho ndi chokongola bwanji, ndi chifukwa cha zokoma, zonunkhira komanso zothandiza kwambiri zomwe Blyukrop imabzala. Malongosoledwe a zosiyana, omwe zithunzi za chipatso zimayesedwa kuchokera m'magazini amaluwa, sizingatheke popanda kutiuza za zokolola zomwe anthu onse akusamalira. Mitunduyi ndi yachisanu, kotero zipatso zimapsa mpaka masiku otsiriza a July. Kukolola kwachedwa mpaka kumapeto kwa August, pamene kucha sikuli kofanana. Kawirikawiri, chitsamba chimapereka 7-8, ndipo nthawi zina chimakhala ndi kilogalamu ya nyengo, ndipo zipatsozo zimakhala zazikulu (mpaka 2 cm mamita ndi 20 magalamu olemera), zolimba, ndi khungu lolimba, sizitha, sizitsamwitsa kapena kuziphwanya, Ingathe kukhalabe m'nyengo yozizira.

Padziko lonse lapansi, zipatso zofiira zamdima, zakuda. Amapatsidwa ubweya wa buluu mwa kuwonongeka kwakukulu, komwe kunapatsa dzina kwa mitundu. Amasonkhanitsidwa m'magulu akuluakulu, chifukwa Blueberry Blyukropus amawoneka okongola kwambiri. Malongosoledwe a zosiyana nthawizonse amasonyeza kuti kukoma kwa zipatso kumakhala kokoma, ndi kuwawa kopanda pake. Komabe, ena amaluwa amadziwa kuti zipatsozo zakhala zowawa. Izi zikusonyeza kuti kukolola kumayambika mofulumira kapena zomera zimakula popanda kulemekeza malamulo.

Kusankha malo okwera

Ena amakhulupirira kuti si Blyukrop yamabuluu. Kulongosola kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana, yomwe kulima yomwe ili ndi zofunikira, kudzakuthandizani kusankha ngati kuli kovuta kukula pa siteti kapena ayi. Yoyamba, yomwe munda aliyense, yemwe ali ndi buluu, ayenera kuyamba - malo abwino. Iyenera kukhala malo owala kwambiri, chifukwa mumthunzi izi zimapindulitsa kwambiri.

Chikhalidwe chachiwiri ndi chinyezi cha nthaka. Popeza chilengedwe cha kukula kwa blueberries ndi mvula yamchere, mukhoza kumvetsa kuti amakonda chinyezi. Momwemo, ngati amapeza malo omwe ali pansi pa nthaka, ndipo amathamanga pamtunda wa masentimita 45 mpaka 60. Pankhani iyi, iwo adzasunga chinyezi chofunikira kwa buluu. Ngati madzi apansi akuyenda pafupi kwambiri, amatha kuyambitsa madzi, omwe si abwino. Choyamba, chitsamba chiyamba kuvulaza, kenako chikhoza kufa. Ngati muli ndi malo otere, musanadzalemo buluu, muyenera kupanga madzi okwanira. Zing'onozing'ono bwino, pamene madzi apansi akuzama kwambiri kuposa zofunikira. Pankhaniyi, zomera sizidzafa, koma zidzakhala zofunikira kuyang'ana nyengo yonse yotentha kuti chinyezi chikhale chokwanira.

Pali gawo lachitatu, mwinamwake, lofunikira kwambiri, popanda kusamala komwe Blueberry Blyukrope sikanakula. Kulongosola kwa mitundu yosiyana, yeniyeni ya kukula komwe kumatsatira kutsata malamulowa, ikuwonetsa kuti chomerachi chimafunikira kwambiri kwambiri (pH zosaposa 4) ndi nthaka yochepa. Mu loam lolemera, blueberries sichikulire, pa nthaka yamchere komanso ngakhale kumalo osalowerera ndale amayamba kupweteka ndipo pamapeto pake amatha. Ngakhale pa pH 5-6 chomera ichi sichioneka bwino ndipo chimakula bwino. Choncho, ngati nthaka pa chiwembu ili ndi acidity, imayenera kuponyedwa pansi, ndikubzala buluu.

Onetsetsani kuti pH ya nthaka ikhoza kukhala mu labotale. Chithunzi cholingalira chimakulolani kuti mupeze zomera monga moss, sorelo, timbewu tonunkhira, buttercup, heather, yomwe acidity imakonda. Koma ngati dera lanu liri lopangidwa ndi wheatgrass, buckwheat, spurge, acidity ya buluu ayenera kuchitidwa nokha. Motani? Kukulitsidwa ndi ilo kumathandiza pereprevshie utuchi ndi peat wowawasa, zomwe ziyenera kuwonjezedwa ku dzenje ndi kusakanizika ndi nthaka. Choncho, nthaka imathandizidwanso. Amaluwa ena amalangizidwa kuchepetsa pH ndi mandimu, apulo kapena acetic asidi, ndikuthandizira nthaka, kuwonjezera mchenga ndi peat kwa chiwerengero cha 3: 1.

Kubalana ndi cuttings ndi zigawo

Njira zowonjezera zomera zimabereka buluu Blyukrop. Malongosoledwe a mitundu yosiyanasiyana, omwe ali abwino kwambiri, amasonyezadi kuti ndi bwino komanso kosavuta kubzala blueberries ndi zigawo. Kuti muchite izi, nkofunika kuyendetsa nthambi pamtunda padziko lapansi (ndikofunika kuti gawo lapansi pano likhale ndi peat komanso mchenga), finyani chinachake ndikuwaza mfundo yolumikizana ndi gawo lomwelo. Amaluwa ambiri amawonjezera chithunzichi ndi filimuyo. Mukachita izi kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, anawo amayamba rootlets ndi autumn, koma inu muyenera kungozisiyanitsa ku chitsamba kwa lotsatira masika.

Njira yachiwiri yobalana ya blueberries ndi cuttings. Kuti tichite zimenezi, mochedwa autumn kudula mphukira, makungwa omwe kale lignified. Iwo atakulungidwa ndi kusungidwa pamalo ozizira mpaka masika. Pafupi kumapeto kwa March, cuttings wa kutalika 20-25 masentimita amadulidwa, amaikidwa mu bokosi ndi gawo la peat ndi mchenga, kuthirira madzi ndikupitiriza kutsimikizira kuti nthaka inali yonyowa. Bokosili limayikidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena kumangotengeka ndi filimuyo. Mizu ya petiole iyenera kupanga mapeto a chilimwe. Kenaka amakaikidwa pamalo osatha.

Kubalana ndi mbewu

Sikuti aliyense amadziwa kuti Blyukrop ya buluu imachulukanso ndi mbewu. Kufotokozera za mitundu yosiyanasiyana (kukongola kwakukulu kumatsimikizirika kukondweretsa ambiri wamaluwa) nthawi zina amapereka njirayi, yomwe, ndithudi, imakhala yovuta, koma pamapeto pake n'zotheka kupeza mitengo yambiri nthawi yomweyo. Momwe mungakwerere blueberries kuchokera ku mbewu? Bzalani bwino m'nyengo yozizira, ikazizira kale, koma chisanu sichinayambe. Ngati mutumizira njirayi kumapeto, mbewuzo ziyenera kuikidwa mufiriji m'nyengo yozizira.

Musanafese, konzekerani mabowo kapena grooves. Pansi pake pali tamped, peat acid, utuchi, singano ndi mchenga, zomwe ziyenera kukhala katatu kuposa zigawo zikuluzikulu, kugona pamenepo. Kuchokera pamwamba, yikani mbewu, mudzaze ndi gawo limodzi lomwelo pafupifupi 1 cm, madzi. M'chaka ayenera kumera. Kusamalira kwina kumaphatikizapo kupalira ndi kumasula nthaka kuzungulira mphukira, kuthirira ndi feteleza ndi nayitrogeni feteleza. Izi zachitika kotero kuti mbande imayamba mwamsanga kumanga mphamvu zawo. Pa malo okufesa achinyamata blueberries kukula zaka 2. Panthawiyi, wamaluwa amatha kukana zofooka ndi zomera zosadalira. Zotsalira za chaka chachitatu zimabzalidwa pamalo omwe amasankhidwa.

Chisamaliro

Ngati chirichonse chikuchitidwa molondola, vuto lalikulu lidzaperekedwa ku buluu Blyukrop. Kulongosola kwa zosiyanasiyana, chisamaliro chake chomwe chimafuna kudziwa, kumangogogomezera kwambiri momwe angakulire. Zatchulidwa pamwambapa kuti buluu limafuna nthaka yowonongeka ndi chinyezi chokwanira. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Ngati nthaka ilibe pH yokwanira kwa buluu, muyenera kukumba dzenje la mamita awiri ndi mamita awiri kuti mubzalidwe, pangani makomawo ndi matabwa, mafilimu kapena mapepala a zitsulo. Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito zida zowonongeka, singano, ngakhale dothi kuchokera ku nkhalango, koma m'pofunika kuyang'ana pH. Tikukukumbutsani kuti chizindikirocho chiyenera kukhala mkati mwa 3-4. Mu maenje okonzedwa motere, buluu Blyukrop imayikidwa (ngakhale mbande idagulidwa kumera, osachepera kapena cuttings omwe atenga mizu, ngakhale tchire amakula kuchokera ku mbewu).

Kudzala chomera, nthaka kuzungulira iyo imayendetsedwa ndi utuchi kapena singano, kutsanulira wosanjikiza pafupi masentimita 12. Izi zidzakuthandizira kukwaniritsa chinyezi chofunidwa. Popitiriza kuthirira, makamaka pamene mutulutsa nthaka, siziyenera kuiŵala kuti mizu ya chitsamba ili pafupi kwambiri ndi dziko lapansi.

Palinso njira yowonjezeretsa buluu ndi chofunika cha acidity. Kuwonjezera pa nthaka kwa chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri musanabzala shrubbery powder (mita imodzi ya cubic amafunika 250 magalamu) kapena mchere feteleza monga urea, nitroammophoska, ammonium nitrate. Chofunika: simungathe kufesa blueberries ndi organic.

Dzuŵa - ichi ndi chikhalidwe china chimene chiyenera kulemekezedwa, kuti apereke chokoma cha zipatso buluu Blyukrop. Kufotokozera kwa Mtunda wa North Tall zosiyanasiyana kumasonyeza kuti mthunzi wa zipatso umamangidwa mochepa, iwo amakula msinkhu, ndipo kukoma kwawo kumapezedwa ndichisoni choonekera.

Amalimbikitsa zokolola zambiri za Blueberry Blyukrop ndi kudulira pachaka. Muyenera kuzigwiritsa ntchito kumapeto kwa February - kumayambiriro kwa March. Kukonza mitengo kumapangidwa ndi prophylactic (odwala, mphukira zakuwonongeka amachotsedwa) ndi kubwezeretsa (nthambi zakale zimachotsedwa pansi). Komanso kudulira kumapangidwira, monga mu mtengo uliwonse wa zipatso kapena chitsamba, kuti ukhale wochepa kunja korona.

Kukambirana mwachidule zonsezi, zitha kukumbukira kuti kukula kwa buluu Blyukrop si ntchito yophweka, koma zipatso zokoma ndi zabwino zimayenera kuyesa.

Buluu wa Buluu. Kufotokozera za zosiyanasiyana. Mitundu yambiri ya kumpoto

Olemba ena amasiyanitsa izi zosiyanasiyana, ngakhale kuti izi siziri zoona, popeza kutalika kwake kumtunda ndi mtundu wa buluu, chomwe chimakhala chachikulu pamtunda. Ena mwa oimirawo akhoza kutambasula mpaka mamita 4, koma pafupipafupi amakula kufika mamita 2-2.2. Dziko lachilengedwe la mitundu ndi Canada ndi kumpoto mayiko a ku America. Pano, chitsamba chilichonse chimatha kugonjetsa makilogalamu 10 a zipatso, koma ku Russia chiwerengerochi n'chochepa kwambiri.

Mitundu ya mitundu iyi ndi ingapo. Chofunika kwambiri pa chisankho chawo ndi nthawi ya fruiting (oyambirira kuchapitsa blueberries, kutentha pakati, kutseka mochedwa) ndi kukula kwa zipatso. Pakati pa mitundu yoyamba yotchuka ndi Patriot, Liberty, Aurora, Bluetta. Zonsezi zimabereka kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa July. Mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi Chandler (zipatso zazikulu kwambiri), Bluecrop, Bluejay, Duke, Hardyblue, Reka (mitundu yobala kwambiri) ndi ena ambiri. Zipatsozo zimayamba kukolola kuyambira pakati pa July. Kufikira kumapeto, omwe amapereka zokolola mu August, akuphatikizanso Jersey, Elizabeth, Bluegold.

Buluu wa Buluu. Kufotokozera za zosiyanasiyana. Kukongola kochepa

Pali mvula (kapena mame) ndi buluu wamtengo wapatali. Mphepete mwa nyanjayi komanso mvula imatha kudzinso ndi mitundu yambirimbiri, popeza kutalika kwa tchire sikudutsa mamita 0.8-1. Zimakhala zokopa chifukwa zimatha kukula pa dothi lakumtunda komanso kumapiri, komanso mthunzi wochepa, koma zokolola zawo ndizochepa, koma 2-4 makilogalamu a zipatso. Zipatsozo zimakhala zochepa kwambiri kuposa za mitundu yayitali, ndipo pali acidities ambiri mwa iwo. Russian obereketsa anabweretsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya dolabulu - Taiga kukongola, Iksinskaya, Blue placer.

Buluu wa buluu malinga ndi malamulo a kukula ndi kuchoka pamtunduwu sasiyana ndi wamtali umodzi, amakula mpaka theka la mita, kawirikawiri - mpaka mamita 1-1.2. Choncho, zimapereka pang'ono, ndipo zipatsozo ndizochepa, komanso zimakhala zokoma komanso zothandiza. Kusiyanasiyana kwina ndikutsika kwakukulu kwa buluu buluu. Choncho, sikofunikira kwambiri kwa acidity ya nthaka ndipo ikhoza kukula bwino pH 5-6, ndipo ngati dothi siliri lokwanira, chomera chodabwitsa ichi sichidzakhala chosowa. Kuchokera ku chitsamba china cha buluu wamphepete mwa kanthawi, zipatso zokwana 3 kg zokha zimakololedwa pa nyengo iliyonse, koma chifukwa chakuti zingabzalidwe pa webusaitiyi mochuluka kwambiri, zokolola zambiri zimakhala zofanana ndi mitundu yautali. Mitundu yotchuka: Northblue, Country North, Northland.

Ubwino wosadziŵika

Mpaka pano, msika wa mbande ndi mbewu zimapereka mitundu yambiri ya blueberries, iliyonse yomwe ili ndi zifukwa zake zokhazokha. Mwa mitundu yonseyi makamaka amafuna Blueberry Blyukrop. Malongosoledwe a zosiyana, zizindikiro za zizindikiro zake zonse ziri mwatsatanetsatane mwatsatanetsatane. Monga mukuonera, mabulosiwa amafunikira chidwi, koma ndi ofunika chifukwa chokolola kwambiri, zipatso zabwino kwambiri, maonekedwe okongola okongola. Chinthu china chofunika kwa wamaluwa ndicho chitetezo cha matenda a zipatso mbewu ndi mkulu chisanu kukana. Popanda pogona, Blyukrop ikhoza kuteteza kutentha kwa -34 digri Celsius ngati pali chivundikiro cha chipale chofewa.

cottagers ambiri, ndipo eni ziwembu payekha monga blueberries Blyukrop. malongosoledwe a mitundu umboni wa anthu kwathunthu atsimikizire. Notsi imeneyo ndi zodabwitsa Mubalane, koma ambiri zipatso analandira yomweyo, koma pa chaka 4-5th mutabzala. Ngati blueberries kukula kwa mbewu yokolola kudikira nthawi yotalikirapo. Ubwino wina zofunika zosiyanasiyana lotchedwa izo chisanu, koma ngati yozizira palibe chisanu, munthu zomera nthambi ungakhuzidwire. Monga kupanda chikhalidwe cha ena wamaluwa kunena kuti fastidiousness m'nthaka komanso ambiri kuika pa Intaneti.