Barani Kadzidzi: kufotokoza, malo okhala, zithunzi

Barani Kadzidzi ndi lodziwika bwino kwa anthu a m'mayiko West European, koma Russia pali pang'ono yodziwika za. Izi wakale nthambi ambiri kuti Strigiformes. Latin dzina zikumveka ngati Tyto alba, ndi English - barani kadzidzi. anthu odziwika iye akadzidzi usiku, malodza ndi screeching kadzidzi. Mbali kanukanu ndi mtundu wa mawu ndi mawonekedwe mutu. Ndani uyu kadzidzi khola, ndipo ndi njira ya moyo? Ife kulankhula m'nkhaniyi za umodzi wa akadzidzi ambiri mu dziko.

Kadzidzi, barani kadzidzi: kufotokoza

Dzina izi mbalame yolusa, zikuoneka, amachokera ku peculiarities mawu ake, amatikumbutsa mtundu wa Nthaŵi zina mkonono umasonyeza kapena muimba. Kuyambira anthu ena akadzidzi ndi izo osiyana mtundu wa litayamba nkhope mu mawonekedwe a mtima, ndi kuganiza kuti iye wavala chinyawu woyera. Kagulu kukula mbalame ali ndi woyererako ndi mtundu nkhope. Ndi za ukulu mofanana kadzidzi kuleza opindika m'makona kapena khwangwala. M'litali ndi masentimita 33-39, thupi lake kulemera - 300-355 G ndi wingspan pafupifupi 90 masentimita Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, ake kulemera akhoza zimasiyana malire lonse ndipo zimadalira makamaka nyama munthu .. Zimakhala monga kulemera kwa 180 ga ndi 700 ga

Mu kumtunda ake ochekenera anapeza mchenga (wofiira) mtundu ndi specks woyera ndi mdima. Barani Kadzidzi - woyera pansi (nthawizina yellow), kupatula kuti akagwidwa ndi zikanga mdima alipo mu nthenga. Nkhope chimbale ndi yowala ndipo ali ndi maonekedwe mosabisa, ngati iye analandira ocher Betelehemu, pamaso pa gawo laling'ono la nthenga wofiira. Mapiko - wotumbululuka woyera ndi golide struychatym chitsanzo. Iris - woderapo kapena wakuda. maso ake anali aakulu ndi limaonetseratu. Iwo ali kukula kwa thupi wochepa, koma iye ndi miyendo yaitali kuti ali wakuda ndi fluffy mchira kwa zala. Iwo ali yochepa mchira. Mlomo chikasu woyera. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, mtundu wa mmunsi mwa gawo zimadalira malo ya barani Kadzidzi. Mwachitsanzo, mu Africa North, Western ndi Kumwera kwa Ulaya, Middle East, ndi woyera, koma ena Europe - lachikasu lalanje.

Ndi kugonana zikuoneka iwo alibe amasiyana Chrixitu. Akazi ndi pang'ono mdima, koma si makamaka noticeable. Young anapiye si zosiyana ndi zimene akulu, nthawi zina zambiri zokongola.

Monga momwe taonera, maonekedwe losaiwalika chotere mbalame barani kadzidzi, chithunzi chikusonyeza bwino ife izi.

malo

Barani Kadzidzi 35 subtypes, amene anafalikira m'mayiko onse kupatula Antarctica yekha, monga amapezeka pa zilumba. Poyamba, izo zinali mu Baltic States ndi CIS: kumeneko tsopano iye akukhala mu pang'ono. Pa gawo la Russia imapezeka m'dera Kaliningrad. Mu gawo European likusowa mu kachitidwe kumpoto ndi phiri.

Pa dzanja limodzi, wamba khola kadzidzi ndinazolowera zikhalidwe zosiyana Hrs, ngati mmene anthu kulikonse, ndi pa zina, alibe luso kudziunjikira nkhokwe ndi mafuta, kotero sangakhoze kuima nyengo nkhanza. Mu kumpoto kwa US ndi ambiri Canada, Northern Europe ndi pafupifupi dera lonse la Russia chifukwa chimenechi si. Mbalame sangathe moyo m'zipululu Asian African ndi.

Panali milandu pamene kadzidzi anali chongopeka lokhalamo anthu m'madera amene iwo anali asanakhalepo. Choncho zinkaoneka mu Seychelles ndi Hawaii, ku New Zealand. Kamodzi kadzidzi chinakhazikitsidwa mu Seychelles, izo zinayamba kugwa chiwerengero cha anthu kestrels, amene akadya.

Malo okondedwa kukhala

Barani kadzidzi ndi pafupifupi nthawi zonse zikukhazikitsa pafupi zokhalamo anthu. Iwo zisa m'mizinda ikuluikulu ndi m'midzi. Iye amakonda kuti amatanganidwa attics, m'maenje niches pakhoma. Wakonda rooftops ndi nyumba anasiya. Nthawi zambiri, barani kadzidzi chimapezeka pa zigwa lotseguka, kumene ochepa mitengo pano. Awa akhoza kukhala malo monga mitengo, zithaphwi, wandiweyani dambo, komanso kunyumba kwa mbalame pamodzi bwinja lokhalokha, ndi mchere, zigwembe ndiponso misewu.

Iwo nthawi zambiri amapezeka kumeneko, kumene ulimi munda ndi nyumba ufulu. Kadzidzi, barani kadzidzi amayesetsa kupewa nkhalango yowirira ndi m'madera a mapiri. zinthu izi ndi zofunika mbalame kufalitsa: kupezeka kwa chakudya, kusowa yozizira komanso kusowa yophuka adani. Kwenikweni, sasintha malo awo, kupatula zinthu pamene m'munsi chakudya m'dera la malo awo chikuchepa.

Kodi wadya?

Ndiwotani ambiri a chakudya chake - makoswe, ndipo akhoza kulimbana ndi Pasyuk (chachikulu imvi makoswe). Iwo akhoza kugwira usiku wa mbewa 15. Pasanathe ambiri, ugwire mbalame yaing'ono, monga mpheta, komanso tizilombo lalikulu ndi achule. Monga makoswe angagwiritsidwe ntchito chakudya, voles, hamsters, shrews, maoposamu. Komanso amatha kugwira mileme, achule, zokwawa komanso invertebrates. Kadzidzi nsembe zokwanira pa ntchentche, wamvetsetsa ndi zikhadabu wake prehensile ndi malo kumene akhoza amasangalala izo.

Features wa malo thandizo kumva chizathandiza mbalame kugwila phokoso onse, umene limafalitsa woberedwa, zomwe ndi zothandiza kwambiri kwa iye pamene kusaka. makutu ake ali asymmetrical dongosolo: mmodzi wa iwo ali pa mlingo wa mphuno, ndi zina - mu mphumi.

Chosiyana mawu barani Kadzidzi

Iwo limafalitsa shepyaschee mawu kulira. Tyto mosapita m'mbali kukupiza mapiko ndipo mulomo kutsamba. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, mbali angathe iwo kwenikweni mantha anthu amene asankha kumasuka mu chete nkhalango ndi kukomana naye. Iwo anati zambiri mawu panamveka ndi kadzidzi izi, koma amene osakhala ndi raucous shrill trill, sipangakhalenso anamva ndege ake. Barani Kadzidzi Creek pansipa ndi mkazi kamvekedwe.

Mwa njira zake Russian dzina la mbalame walandira kwa otsika, raspy, kusasa kulira, zomwe zikumveka ngati "heee." Ndipo amanena zambiri kuposa zachibadwa kadzidzi hooting. gravelly ake achilendo mawu amatikumbutsa chifuwa kusasa.

usiku moyo

Iye ntchentche pa kusakasaka tili m'masiku otsiriza mochedwa ndipo ali mosamalitsa usiku. Iwo zambiri mumakhala nokha, koma akhoza kukumana m'magulu ang'onoang'ono malo masewera. Popeza khola akadzidzi kutsogolera moyo wokangalika usiku, amagona pa tsiku. Kugona iwo kusankha kagawo kakang'ono, masoka kapena yokumba - izo zikanakhoza kukhala una mu nthaka kapena chapamwamba makuponi.

Pa kusakasaka, iwo kusintha kutalika - makweredwe, ndiye kachiwiri kubwera pansi kukuzungulira chuma. Iwo angayembekezere nsembe, popeza zobisika mu chiwembu ndi. mapiko awo imakonzedwa m'njira kuti kuthawa awo amasandulika chete ndi zofewa, kuphatikiza iwo ndi masomphenya kwambiri kumva. Mwa njira, m'madera ena a akadzidzi khola kusaka masana Mwachitsanzo, mu Britain, koma pa nthawi ino ya tsiku kwa iwo pali ngozi mu mawonekedwe a mbalame zolusa, monga gulls.

Amapha nyama khola kadzidzi ake chiombankhanga, ndiye iye akubwera pa mwendo yaitali ndi kuphwasula mulomo. Iwo ali khosi makina kwambiri, kotero kuti akhoza kukhala ndi nyama, pafupifupi popanda kupinda. Pa chakudya nthenga nkhope litayamba kusuntha, ndipo zikuoneka kuti kadzidzi grimace.

kubalana

Barani Kadzidzi zambiri monogamous, koma mitala amadziwikanso osati mulibemo. M'chaka pali wina, kawirikawiri awiri zomangamanga. Chiyambi cha kuswana nyengo zimatengera zambiri pa zinthu nyengo ya malo ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya. Kumadera otentha, pamene gawo la chakudya, iwo kungayambitse nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Mwachitsanzo, mu zoni ofunda a Europe kapena North America, chimayambira mu March ndi June. Ngati pali kukonzanso kumangidwa, kuchotsa anapiye adzakhala mu nyengo ya March-May ndi June-August.

Male amasankha malo kumene zingathe chisa, ndiyeno nkuyamba ng'oma wamkazi. Mwaichi, chisa sunamangidwe Mwaichi kusankha chatsekedwa ndipo mdima malo. Iyi ndi recess mu chitsa akale mitengoyi dzenje, ndipo niches ena. Yaikazi ukugwira amawaumbatira mazira, ndipo pa nthawi iyi wamwamuna akubweretsa chakudya chake. Makonzedwe chisa lili pa mtunda wa mamita 2-20 pamwamba pansi, atagona kukula kawirikawiri 4-7 mazira, koma akhoza kukhala pa 2 mpaka 14. Iwo amakhala zambiri mu nyengo yodziwika ndi chakudya chochuluka. Kukula kwa mazira, amene mwayera kapena kirimu mtundu, avareji 30-35 mm.

Pa nyengo kuswana mbalame zimatulutsa phokoso osiyana. Iwo shrill ndi mawu mfuu uhayut ndi wheeze, emitting phokoso khalidwe "heee." The yonseyi, monga ulamuliro, akadzidzi chete. Pafupifupi mwezi mkazi amawaumbatira mazira. Juveniles ntchentche ku chisa pa masiku 50-55 moyo.

Mwa njira, awiri akadzidzi kukhalira limodzi mpaka imfa ya munthu mmodzi. Mwamuna ndi mkazi moyo pafupi wina ndi mnzake, koma mmodzi ndi mmodzi.

Khalidwe mu nthawi ya ngozi

Pamene akupuma atakhala kadzidzi, khola kadzidzi amasunga thupi woongoka, ndipo kukachitika kuti mbalame ena, zimatengera kaimidwe oopsa - amaika miyendo, flattens mapiko ake ndege yopingasa, ndi amakhulupirirabe pansi. Pamene iye likukwaniritsa violator katundu wake dera lawo, ndi yogwira imakupiza mapiko ake, pakupita kuyandikira kwa mdani. hisses mokweza ndi akhwatchitsa mlomo wake. Ngati izi sizikuthandiza, izo akuukira adani, kugwa pa nsana wake ndi mapazi clawed kupulula nkhonya.

Barani Kadzidzi anapiye

Mphungu ndi amadalira kotheratu makolo awo, amenenso ali ndi chakudya chokwanira. Pobadwa, iwo ataphimbidwa ndi wakuda bii woyera pansi. Kukachitika kuti zambiri ozizira, khola kadzidzi sasiya chisa ndi anapiye umafunda kuti adziimire paokha kwathunthu itapita miyezi itatu. Ndithu anapiye amauluka kwa malo atsopano ndipo wapeza dera lina kwa malo ndi kubalana. Pa barani akadzidzi akhoza kuoneka pa nthawi ngakhale 10 anapiye, ngati zinthu kulola, koma mu chaka cha njala chikuyembekezeka, monga ulamuliro, zosaposa 4 mazira.

Iwo ananena kuti khalidwe la anapiye si mmene mbalame: iwo kuonetsa okoma, kukana chakudya kuti athandize anthu anjala kwambiri kuposa iwo. Poyerekeza ndi mbalame zina, amene achinyamata kwenikweni kugwetsera lililonse ena chakudya yokha, mfundo imeneyi ndi yofunika kwambiri kwa mbalame monga barani kadzidzi. Photo la anapiye ake amasonyeza mmene akuonekera akangobadwa.

Makolo kusonyeza nkhawa ngakhale pambuyo anapiye awo wopita ku chisa: iwo apitiriza kumusamalira ndiponso kudyetsa mpaka ndiye, mpaka palokha kwathunthu, mwachitsanzo zaka zitatu.

maganizo a anthu

Kadzidzi, barani kadzidzi anthu wakhala chizindikiro cha nzeru, koma iwo anali kwa mbalame ndi mantha wopembedzetsa. chinthu Tsopano zikhulupiriro zakale, ndipo anthu ambiri kusonyeza chidwi chenicheni. Tyto zimabweretsa mantha chifukwa cha zina zochititsa: woyera nkhope chokhala ndi chigoba, phokoso mantha komanso chifukwa zizolowezi za mbalame zimauluka pamwamba mwakachetechete ndipo mwadzidzidzi anabweretsedwa pamaso chelovka munthu, chifukwa kuti anthu otchedwa kadzidzi ake ghostly.

Barani Kadzidzi wakudya makamaka pa makoswe, potero akupindula munthu. Anthu akhala anayamikira thandizo la akadzidzi mu chiwonongeko cha tizirombo. Choncho, m'zaka za m'ma 17 kufalitsa wochita, pamene nyumba, nkhokwe, mphero ndi nyumba zina zopangidwa mazenera yapadera imene khola akadzidzi amatha kulowa mu ndi kuwononga makoswe. Mu njira iyi, ndi mbalame anadyetsedwa, ndi phindu kwa munthu payekha.

Ngati akuona anthu angapo, kenako amayamba uthenga chidwi kwambiri: kwambiri anakweza, swaying pa mapazi ake mu mbali zosiyana chotero kuimira nkhope osiyana. Ngati tiyandikira mosamala kwambiri, kawirikawiri ntchentche.

Ndi angati khola kadzidzi moyo?

M'mikhalidwe achilengedwe, khola kadzidzi akadzidzi zimatha kukhala zaka 18, koma pazipita kuchuluka. Ndipotu, likukhalira kuti moyo makamaka ochepa - pafupifupi moyo amayembekezeka kwa iwo pafupifupi 2 zaka. Panali milandu pamene kadzidzi anali apulumuke kuthengo ndi zaka 17 mu North America mbalame mu ukapolo anamwalira ali ndi zaka 11,5, pamene mu England linathyoka umboni - mbalame anakhala mu ukapolo kwa zaka 22.

Tinakambirana za mbalame chidwi, ngati kadzidzi, khola kadzidzi, zimene iye ali zizolowezi ndi zimene lipindulitsa pa anthu. Mwatsoka, chifukwa kusintha mu chilengedwe ndi pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala barani Kadzidzi yafupika ku Ulaya. Komanso, pali milandu imfa mbalame ndi kugunda ndi galimoto m'misewu. Panopa khola kadzidzi - mbalame ndi kutchulidwa Red Book wa mayiko angapo kum'mawa kwa Ulaya, kumene, pa zifukwa zosadziwika, m'zaka za posachedwapa, pali chikucheperachepera pa anthu ake.