Atlantic pangano ndi chiyani?

April 4, 1949 United States ndi ena limati zina capitalist kuti anasaina Atlantic ke. Chikalata ichi chinakhala mpaka kuyambira mu chilengedwe cha NATO. Mawu akuti "Atlantic ke" anagwiritsidwa ntchito mu Soviet Union, pamene pakati ogwirizana iye anali mwalamulo wotchedwa North Atlantic Pangano.

Mu 1949, pepala anali linalowa nawo m'Pangano United States, France, United Kingdom, Denmark, Belgium, Italy, Iceland, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal ndi Canada. Pang'onopang'ono mgwirizano agwirizane maiko atsopano. Nthawi yotsiriza mu 2009, mgwirizano zikuphatikizapo Croatia ndi Albania.

Mfundo ya chitetezo losonkhanitsidwa

NATO a pangano zofunika wasenza mu zaka zoyambirira pambuyo pa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse. M'mayiko nawo anakhala ogwirizana pofuna chitetezo chake. Atlantic ke inkakhala zosiyanasiyana dongosolo, koma chifungulo cha tanthauzo angatchedwe mfundo ya chitetezo losonkhanitsidwa. Mpheroyi udindo wa States Member kuchita chodzikanira pa anzawo NATO. Iwo amagwiritsa osati zamtendere komanso asilikali njira.

Kusaina ya Atlantic ke zinachititsa kuti pakhale latsopano dongosolo la dziko. Tsopano ambiri a mayiko Western European inanyamuka yaikulu mu US maso denga wamba, chomwe chinali kuteteza boma ku mokwiya kunja. Kujambula maziko a bungwe m'tsogolo, adani kuti n'komwe ululu wa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World makamaka zaka mwake, pamene Hitler mobwerezabwereza hule ku Ulaya, sangathe anam'patsa atangokanidwa kwambiri.

mapulani akukhudzidwira

Inde, Atlantic pangano ndi mfundo zake yodzitetezera gulu sizikutanthauza kuti States sankapita udindo wawo kuteteza yokha. Koma pa dzanja zina, mgwirizanowo anapereka kwa n'zotheka, chimene dziko lingakhoze cede mbali ya mavuto awo mu chitetezo mwa ophatikidzana NATO. Ntchito lamulo limeneli, ena limati anakana chitukuko cha mbali zina za maluso awo ankhondo (monga zida zankhondo, ndi zina zotero. D.).

Atlantic ke anapatsa chonse pokonza ndondomeko. Lilili lero. States onse Member kugwirizana pa njira ya usilikali chitukuko. Choncho, NATO kumbuyo mbali chikuyimira umodzi chamoyo. Development wa nthambi iliyonse asilikali pansi kukambirana pakati pa maiko awiri, ndipo iwo onse kutenga dongosolo yonse. njira imeneyi kumatha kuwapotoza ku NATO mu kunachititsa mphamvu zake chitetezo. Pamodzi chimatanthauza asilikali zofunika zikutanthauza - khalidwe lawo, kuchuluka ndi kupezeka.

kusakanikirana asilikali

Cooperation NATO limati membala akhoza kugawidwa mu zigawo zingapo. makhalidwe ake ndi gulu upo limagwirira, loloseredwa dongosolo la asilikali, Integrated dongosolo asilikali, dongosolo co-ndalama ndi kufunitsitsa lililonse dziko kutumiza asilikali kunja m'gawo lake.

Kusaina miyambo ya Atlantic Pangano ku Washington amalembedwa wozungulira watsopano anagwirizana mgwirizano pakati pa Dziko Old ndi America. Tinali reanalyzed kale kumbuyo lingaliro, limene linagwa mu 1939, tsiku Wehrmacht anawoloka malire Polish. strategy NATO maziko ake anali pa ziphunzitso chinsinsi ochepa (woyamba anatengera chiphunzitso cha ochiritsira Zida). Popeza Kubwera kwa mgwirizano, ndipo mpaka kugwa kwa Soviet Union, zikalata izi zakhala zobisika, ndi mwayi iwo okha kwa akuluakulu a udindo wapamwamba.

M'pake kuti Cold Nkhondo

Pambuyo pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, mgwirizano wa mayiko anali mu mkhalidwe fluctuation. Pa bwinja la dongosolo lakale pang'onopang'ono anamanga ina. izo anayamba bwino kuti posachedwapa dziko lonse lapansi lidzakhala mu standoff akapolo pakati pa chikominisi ndi machitidwe capitalist chaka chilichonse. Imodzi ya mphindi zikuluzikulu za chitukuko cha chidani uyu anali imakhala ya Atlantic ke. Caricatures zoyenera mgwirizano umenewu, atolankhani Soviet anali palibe malire.

Ngakhale mu Soviet Union wokonzeka kuyankha n'zofanana kwa chilengedwe cha NATO (anakhala ndi Warsaw ke), ubwanawe ali kumvera pa kulankhula pa mapulani m'tsogolo. Cholinga chifungulo cha ntchito mgwirizano - kusonyeza boma la Russia kuti nkhondo ndi phindu chipani kapena. dziko walowa nyengo yatsopano, izo zikhoza kuwonongedwa ndi zida za nyukiliya. Komabe, NATO wakhala akutsatira mfundo, umene unali kuti, ngati nkhondo ukadali osati kuzipewa, magulu onse States ayenera kuteteza mzake.

Alliance ndi USSR

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti Atlantic ke yosainidwa ndi anthu amene kumvetsetsa kuti NATO alibe n'zosangalatsa kumva apamwamba kuposa mdani kuthekera (Soviet Union ankaganizira). Ndithudi, kuti tikwaniritse parity, adani anatenga nthawi zina, pamene mphamvu Communist pambuyo pa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, palibe chikaiko. Komanso, boma la Russia, koma Stalin panokha, anakwanitsa kupanga limati dzikolo ku Eastern Europe.

Atlantic ke Mwachidule, anapereka zitsanzo zonse za chitukuko cha kugona ndi USSR. Adani ankafuna kukwaniritsa zinthu positi-nkhondo mwa kugwirizana zochita zawo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono za nkhondo. Ntchito kiyi wa wagawo anali kulenga ukulu luso asilikali Soviet.

NATO ndi maiko lachitatu

Maboma padziko lonse adalikumzonda monga anasaina Atlantic ke. A caricature wa caricature lofalitsidwa mu atolankhani Communist, kwambiri chuma kuonekera womkanikizawo, "mayiko atatu". Ndipotu, ambiri NATO yokhala ndale m'mayiko anawona ngati anzanu angathe ndigwire. Mwa iwo mu malo oyamba anali Australia, New Zealand, Ceylon, South Africa.

Amayi n'kuti anakhalabe Turkey, Greece (pambuyo pake iwo anagwirizana NATO), Iran, ambiri m'mayiko Latin American, ndi Philippines ndi Japan. Pa nthawi yomweyo, pamene chaka cha 1949 panali mayiko ena amene maboma anakhala mfundo lotseguka nonintervention. Iwo anali Germany, Austria, Iraq ndi Korea South. NATO ankakhulupirira kuti vuto la nkhondo ndi bloc Soviet adzatha tipezekemo thandizo la ena ogwirizana kuthekera, ndi magulu atumiza ndi zikuluzikulu tiponye Western Europe ndi ku Asia. Ku Asia mu mgwirizano anaganiza n'kudziphatika machenjerero kumbuyo.

Njira vuto la nkhondo

Pamene imakhala ya Atlantic ke, zinalembedwa (April 4, 1949) anali chosaiwalika m'mbiri ya XX atumwi, atsogoleri a mphamvu Western kale anali pa dzanja vuto la drafts ndondomeko ya Soviet Union mokwiya. Iwo anali amaganiza kuti boma la Russia mu malo oyamba afuna kupita ku Nyanja Mediterranean, nyanja ya Atlantic ndi Middle East. Komanso njira NATO a alimbane malinga ndi mantha kuti Soviet Union mwakonzeka kuyamba mpweya kuukira dziko la World Old ndi Western lapansi.

Mfundo zoyendera mtsempha wamagazi kwa mgwirizano panali Atlantic. Choncho, NATO amasamalirira wapadera kwa chitetezo cha njira izi kulankhulana. Pomaliza, zoipa angakuchitireni ndi kugwiritsira ntchito zida za nyukiliya zoopsa. Malodza ya Hiroshima ndi Nagasaki sanapereke mpumulo kwa andale ambiri komanso nkhondo. Popeza vuto limeneli, ndi United States anayamba chishango nyukiliya.

chinthu nyukiliya

Pa kusaina mgwirizano mu Washington ambiri dongosolo la chitukuko ya zachitetezo Analeredwa mpaka 1954. Kwa zaka 5, anakonza kulenga limodzi anagwirizana chimadalira, zimene zimaphatikizapo 90 Army magawano, 8,000 ndege 2,300 zombo ndi zida zamphamvu.

Komabe, chimake cha chiyambi cha mtundu pakati NATO ndi Soviet Union anali pa zida za nyukiliya. Zinali predominance wake akhoza azilipira kwa kwanthawi kachulukidwe, amene akufotokozera m'madera otsala. Malinga ndi Atlantic ke, mwa zina, panali malo a mtsogoleri wamkulu wa asilikali NATO mu Europe. yamtunduwu wake anali kukonza pulogalamu nyukiliya. Ntchito zapatsidwa kwambiri chidwi. Ndi 1953, Alliance anazindikira kuti sakanatha kusiya anagonjetsa Europe ndi Soviet Union, ngati si zida za nyukiliya zidzagwiritsidwanso ntchito.

pangano zina

Malinga ndi Atlantic Pangano likhoza nkhondo ndi Soviet Union, NATO anali ndi ndondomeko ya ntchito kwa dera lililonse, amene akanapatutsa nkhondoyi. Choncho, Europe ankaona waukulu zone nkhondo. mphamvu anagwirizana mu World Old anali kuletsa, chikominisi, bola ngati mphamvu zokwanira kumbuyo. njira zimenezi adzalola kuti akatenge nkhokwe. Pambuyo pa ndende ya mphamvu zonse kuyamba munthu amene chokhumudwitsacho.

Iye akhapidziwa kuti NATO ndege zina zokwanira bungwe mpweya kuukira Soviet Union ku North America. mfundo zonsezi zobisika kuseri mwambo amange kuti chinali chinenero chamanja miyambo ya Atlantic ke. Zojambula kunali kovuta kusonyeza ngozi woona amene abisa palokha kukula kwa nkhondo pakati pa machitidwe awiri osiyana ndale.