Atalephera ndawala Prince Igor ndi Polovtsy

Russia mu linakhalapo, anamenyana ndi wongosamukasamuka. Choyamba kunali Pechenegs. M'zaka za m'ma XII kuti m'malo mwa Polovtsy. Yoweyula otsiriza zachititsa kuti dziko Russian Mongolia ambiri.

Kuthetsa Polovtsy zinachitika pa nthawi ya kugawikana ndale za Asilavo kum'mawa. Akalonga kangapo anapita steppe, koma nthawi zambiri M'malo mwake, kumbuyo kwawo. Bwanji, nthawi zonsezi, wotchuka kwambiri ndawala Prince Igor ndi Polovtsy? Chifukwa iye amene anali gwero la chipilala wotchuka zolembalemba. Izi ndi "Lay."

Wambiri Igor

Prince Igor wabadwa mu 1151. Iye anali woimira Chernigov nthambi ya Rurik mafumu. Pa zaka 29, anatengera mzinda wa Novgorod-Seversky. Dziko padziko mwachindunji limodzi ndi okhala steppe.

akalonga Russian zambiri zasintha mfundo zake pankhani ya Polovtsy: mtendere ndi mgwirizano kapena nkhondo. Kotero izo zinali ndi Igor. Nthawi zina ganyu wongosamukasamuka pa nkhondo internecine ndi banja. Koma pa ndime ndi ochita nkhondo ndi khans lapansi. Mwachitsanzo, mu 1171, adaunyema Konchak la mtsinje Vorskla. Komabe, mbiri zakale ali ulendo wina.

The ntchito yochotsa steppe ndi

Mu 1185 akalonga a kum'mwera Russia teamed mpaka kupita steppe ndi kuswa apo Polovtsian. Igor anali Mlengi wa ulendo. Iye amapereka mwa otsatira a abale. Zinali Vsevolod Svyatoslavich (Kursk kalonga), Svyatoslav Olgovich (Prince Rila) ndi Vladimir I. (Putivl Prince). Komanso pansi mbendera Russian anaima Covo. Zinali mtundu ka wongosamukasamuka amene anali malire a Chernihiv katundu.

The magulu Ankawaphwanyira ogwirizana ambiri. kampeni Prince Igor yolimbana ndi Polovtsian zapita popanda thandizo la Kievan kalonga Svyatoslav. chifukwa anali bwanamkubwa Seversky mofulumira ndipo anaganiza kudikira angakuthandizeni lamphamvu, chimene chikuchitika okha maalumali. Mwachangu kenako unachita chakupha ku tsogolo la asilikali. asilikali anapita kwa mtsinje wa Donets, kumene msasa Polovtsian anali chifukwa chimene akanatha bwino phindu.

kugonjetsedwa

Patapita masiku ochepa panjira asilikali Russian mwangozi detachment ka mdani, amene anagonjetsedwa. Anamuuza mitu ya mtsogoleri wa. Akalonga anaganiza kuti popeza koyamba mwayi, kuti m'tsogolo zidzachitikadi. Kunalitu kulakwitsa. kampeni Prince Igor yolimbana ndi Polovtsian anatembenuka zoopsa chifukwa mpweya ndi TSONGAZACHE.

Magulu anakumana ndi gulu lankhondo lalikulu la wongosamukasamuka, nthawi iyo atazungulira chifukwa cha ukulu n'zosangalatsa kumva za mdani. Anasowa kothawira asilikali a ku Russia anaphedwa, pang'ono anakwanitsa kuthawa. Atalephera ntchito yochotsa Prince Igor Polovtsian anapempha iye mkaidi. Kuthawa ukapolo anali ndi zaka zochepa pambuyo anathawa pansi usiku pa kavalo wokonzeka.

Adzabwerenso kukwera polovtsev

Pambuyo athana wongosamukasamuka pachikhalidwe anapita molunjika ku Russia: zikatichitikira ndi preying. kampeni Prince Igor yolimbana ndi Polovtsian anachititsa zoopsa nkhondo ya zaka zambirimbiri sankadziwa wamba. Iwo anali anagonjetsa ndi kutentha mzinda wa Ream ndi midzi yoyandikana nayo. Kalonga wa Kiev, amene pachikhalidwe mu steppe chifukwa chakuti ogwirizana ankakonda mizindayo ndi n'kukhutira a opambana, ali teamed ndi wolamulira Chigaleshani ndi kuwathamangitsa wongosamukasamuka. Komanso, okwera konse anadwala pa nthaka wachilendo yozizira. Mkubwela kwa chipale chofewa iwo mbisoweka ndi kunyumba, onyamula chuma kubedwa mu m'sitima.

Svyatoslav (Kalonga wa Kiev) poyamba anakwiya Igor, chifukwa iye anapita ku steppe mu angakuthandizeni chinsinsi. Komabe, pambuyo zinadziwika kuti mkulu Kalanga linalandidwa, wachibale aiwala chakukhosi kwa nthawi yaitali maliro kwa iye, akuganiza kuti iye sadzabweranso.

zolembalemba chipilala

Patapita zaka zingapo fambani Novgorod-Seversky Prince Igor Polovtsian kuti kuyala maziko wotchuka "Mawu ...". Mlembi wa cholowa zolembalemba sakudziwika. Zojambula mozizwitsa sanafe ndipo anakhala kwenikweni wotchuka kokha m'zaka za m'ma XIX, pamene anthu ali ndi mndandanda analemba ndi Chiwerengero Musin-Pushkin.

Ichi ndi chitsanzo chabwino cha chinenero ndiye. "Mawu ..." ndi kalozera pa folklore wakale. Chifukwa cha kufunikira kwake mankhwala analowa maphunziro kusukulu. nkhani zosiyanasiyana ndi Zining'a (mwachitsanzo, "kulira Yaroslavny") anakhala poyera komanso wovuta.

Mpukutu choyambirira inagulidwa ndi Chiwerengero Musin-Pushkin mu Yaroslavl obisika. Sale zinachitika chifukwa chakuti bungwe achipembedzo chatsekedwa. Posachedwa choyambirira chinatayika mu moto, koma nthawi iyi iwo linapangidwa mndandanda angapo mabuku, kulola magazini lofalitsidwa anapulumuka ku nthawi yathu. Zotsatira za "Mawu ..." nthawi zambiri poyerekeza ndi mtengo wa nthano European akale bards.

Prince Igor ndi nkhondo yake yolimbana ndi Polovtsian kukhala chimodzi mwa zizindikiro kuzindikira za Russia wakale. Rurik yekha, iye anathawa kuchokera ku ukapolo, anakhala zaka zingapo. Monga wamkulu mwa achibale ake, anatengera Chernigov, pamene iye anafa mu 1201.