Apaulendo wotchuka Marco Polo kuti anatsegula

anthu ambiri akhala sukulu ndikudabwa ndani Marco Polo kuti anapeza ndipo kuti izi ndi zofunika kuchita kwa dziko?

kuyambira pa msewu

Apaulendo wotchuka amene anabadwa mu Venice (kapena pachilumba cha Korcula, pali ziŵiri zambiri) zokhudza 1254. atate wake Niccolo ndi amalume Maffeo anali amalonda wolemera ndithu, amene anali malonda nthaŵi yaitali ndi maiko. Anapita Bukhara, pa Volga, mu malo a Kublai Khan. Wotchuka monga umayenda Marko Polo, imene inatenga zaka twente-foro, inayamba mu 1271, pamene banja anatenga seventini wazaka mnyamata paulendo wotsatira. Senior kuchita malonda ntchito, gawo la wamng'ono anagwa utumwi zamtendere Kublai Khan, amene mwansangala kwambiri kuwalandira amalonda.

Njira anasankha

Marko Polo njira anali motere: mfundo yomaliza ya njira anali kukhala mumzinda wa akuvutika ku China (a Beijing amakono), poyambira, kumene, Venice. Koma olemba mbiri ena mfundo zagonjetsedwa kwa mitundu yonse ya kukayikira. Ena amanena kuti apaulendo ankapita Akka Hormuz, Erzurum, Pamir kuti Kashgar, ndi ku akuvutika. Akatswiri ena amanena kuti amalonda anali Akka, pa chakumwera kwa Asia, ndi okwera Chiameniya, mu Kerman, Basra, m'tsinde kum'mwera kwa Hindu Kusaya n'kumuika, ndi Pamirs, mu Taklamakan mchipululu, anakhala chaka mumzinda wa Zhang, anapita Karakoram kenako okha phindu mu Beijing.

Moyo China

Kaya njira zawo, Marco Polo (kuti anatsegula tidzakhala anthu odziwika kenako) ndi banja lake ndiyenera Beijing mu 1275. Mu China, iwo anakhala zaka zambiri, bwinobwino anagulitsa payokha Marco kutumikira kwambiri Kublai Khan ndipo anagonjetsa ambiri achisoni wake. Ndi pa utumiki wa mkulu Italy wayenda lonse la China, ndipo kenako ngakhale anakhala wolamulira wa chigawo pansi pa dzina la Jiangnan.

homecoming

Mu 1292 Italy zimapatsa China, kuti aziyendera limodzi ndi Mongolian wolemekezeka, umene unatengedwa ndi Perisiya, anakwatira wolamulira wa dziko. Back mu China, iwo sanapite, monga 1294, pamene iye anali kale ku Perisiya, analandira uthenga wa imfa ya Great Khan. Patapita chaka chimodzi, amalonda Polo wa ku dziko kwawo ku Venice. Mu 1297 Marco Polo akumenyana kwa mbadwa mzinda boma lake pa nkhondo panyanja ndi asilikali a Genoa ndi akagwidwa, lomwe limalamulira akaidi ena, Rustichanu wa Pisa, nkhani ya ulendo wake. Marco anafa 1324, mu January, mbadwa ya Venice, pokhala munthu wolemera kwambiri, anakwatira, ndi ana atatu. Ndipo anatsegula Marco Polo (ngati mwachidule kufotokoza)?

Ankalemba Marco Polo

"Buku" wapaulendo lalikulu - ndi chiwiya kwambiri zokhudza kum'mawa ku Ulaya South ndi ku Central Asia. Ndipotu, Marco Polo anapeza ku Ulaya, osati China, komanso mayiko onse oyandikana nawo. The okha zoipa ntchito yake - pofotokoza zolakwika za mtunda pa msewu. Koma Mark sanali malo,, kotero kuti si n'kothandiza kwambiri kwambiri zolondola zambiri kwa iye. Ndi chifukwa chosowa ichi wa akatswiri olemba mapu simungakhoze kupanga mapu mwatsatanetsatane. Koma ntchito yake lili succinct, yeniyeni ndi zokongola zokhudza miyambo, moyo, zikhulupiriro ndi maganizo a mitundu ya kum'mawa. Ndi amene Marco Polo. Ata- Europe? Chotero maziko kwa anthu amakono, koma sakudziwika ngati ku Ulaya pepala ndalama, zonunkhira, teas, ndi ovuta Art Oriental. Anthu anamva za mizinda ndi anthu ndi pa miliyoni, wa Japan, Ceylon, Indonesia, Madagascar ndi kuzilumba za Sumatra ndi Java. Apa iye anachezeredwa ndi Marco Polo. Kuti anapeza ku Ulaya - mfundo zothandiza kuti andithandiza m'njira zambiri kuti chitukuko cha chitukuko mu Europe.