Zokopa Bukhara. zipilala mbiri ya Bukhara

Amene sakonda kupita ndi kupeza malo atsopano wokongola? Kumene, nyanja, dzuwa ndi gombe - ichi ndi kukhala waukulu ndatopa chongosangalatsa moyo watsiku ndi tsiku wa anthu, koma inu mukuvomereza - kufufuza dziko ndi mfundo mbiri ya mayiko osiyana chimodzimodzi chidwi kwambiri. owerenga akuyembekezera mu excursus wathu wa Bukhara (Uzbekistan). Akupemphedwa kuti aphunzire za zokopa onse ngodya lokongola la dziko lathuli.

Nthano ya Uzbekistan

Bukhara - mzinda kwenikweni sikukudziŵika ndi nthano. Akatswiri a mbiri yakale amanena kuti anakhazikitsidwa ndi Siyavush wamkulu, amene, malinga ndi nthano, anali mwana wa aku Iran mfumu Keikavus ndi wokongola turanki akuthawa bambo achipongwe. Zinali Siyavush - ndi wolimba ndi olimba mtima wankhondo - anamanga citadel loyamba Bukhara Likasa, pa chipata kum'mawa kumene anaikidwa pambuyo pa imfa yake pa manja a Afrasiab, mfumu ya Turan. Onse chisoni ophedwa Warmaster okhala Bukhara ankathamanga mu nyimbo mkombero amatchedwa "Kulira mugov" ndi Siyavush admirers lero Tsiku Chaka Chatsopano aphe tambala pa makoma kupulumuka kwa citadel wa Bukhara okumbukira anayambitsa mzinda. Mwa njira, mwa mizinda ya Uzbekistan, ndicho kudzera Bukhara, pamodzi ndi lodziwika bwino Great silika Road - msewu wolumikiza East ndi West.

Chikhulupiriro ndi Modernity

Pakali pano, Bukhara - mzinda umene uli pakati pa chikhalidwe cha Uzbekistan ano, komanso pakati dera dziko. Uzbeks unkatchedwa mzinda Lawi la Islam. Ngati inu mukukhulupirira imodzi mwa nthano zambiri, zonse za mzindawo, anthu Asilamu zopatulika unakhala ndi yowala kuchokera kumitambo, ndipo oposa Bukhara, iye iri yofulumira kumwamba.

Ndithudi, osati mizinda yonse ya Uzbekistan akhoza kudzitama ambiri mizikiti osiyana ndi manda a Asilamu chachikulu kumanga woyera. Komabe, Bukhara zokopa - si malo amene akupereka mapemphero kwa Allah. mzinda uwu ali malo ambiri lodzaza ndi mbiri ndi nkhani. Ndi apa, mu Bukhara, kulenga ndakatulo ndi ntchito za sayansi amuna aakulu monga Avicenna ndi Omar Khayyam.

anasankha kudzoza

Kamodzi mu mzinda, nthawi yomweyo kuzindikira kuti Bukhara akale nkhani yake zapiringizana ndi watsopano, amakono Bukhara. Ake achinsinsi, ndi tortuous misewu ndi makoma a nyumba newfangled mwamtendere azikhala ndi makoma a nyumba ndi mbiri yaitali. Izi - mzinda wa osiyanitsa zinapatsira ndi mzimu wa nzeru wakale ndi kum'maŵa.

Zokopa Bukhara kufufuza mu tsiku lina sangathe - monga iwo achuluka. Ananyalanyaza Ulendo wina wa iwo - ziri monga kukhala mu Paris ndi wosapenya Tower Eiffel. Zilowerere mu chithumwa mzinda uwu yonse yochepetsetsa ya thupi, n'zotheka kuphunzira maulendo kuti Bukhara anapereka ntchito ambiri ulendo. Ndipo, ngati inu kufufuza kulikonse ngale ili la Uzbekistan palibe njira, onetsetsani kuti akaone Mausoleum Samandinov, Citadel Likasa, Miri Arab Madrassah, Kalyan Mosque, Chor-Minor ndi domes Trade. Awa ndi zowoneka chidwi kwambiri Bukhara, omwe akupatsidwa kupanga chidwi kwambiri alendo.

Zotsatira za mafumu a

Chimodzi mwa wakale Chisilamu nyumba zakale zimene zinamangidwa m'zaka za m'ma 10, ali Mausoleum Samandinov. Popeza inamangidwa wa njerwa ndi chitsanzo zochepa chabe, sikulakwa kuziona ngati chipilala kupanga njerwa a nthawi imeneyo. The mausoleum anawonongedwa pa nkhondo Mongol mu Bukhara ndi mwangwiro anasunga nthawi yathu, chifukwa anali wodzazidwa ndi mchenga ndi makombo a nyumba anawonongedwa. Komanso, nthano zakale ali kuti ukulu wokongola wa mausoleum anapanga adani amenewa chidwi kwambiri kuti akulambira kukongola kwa nyumbayi, kupsereza izo, kusiya n'komwe. Kutsegula nyumba ali katswiriyo Soviet Basil Afanasievich Shishkin, anapeza mu 1934 pa ntchito yomanga.

Mausoleum Samandinov - chitetezo wotsiriza, amene apeza wosatha mamembala zina Samandinov mafumu - Ismail Samani (mtsogoleri wa Bukhara ndi wotsiriza ufumu wa Perisiya) ndi mwana wake Ismail Ibn Ahmad.

Mausoleum Samandinov - si chipilala cha akale chikhalidwe nyumba, ndi nkhani yonse ya chiwukitsiro cha mzinda pambuyo nkhondo wosatha ndi Aluya.

kachisi wa chidziwitso

Kuyang'ana pozungulira zowoneka a Bukhara, n'kosatheka kukaona Miri Arab. Ndi osati zochititsa mantha, koma mmodzi wa mabungwe woyamba maphunziro, omwe m'nyengo ya Soviet Union anali yekhayo wa mtundu wake kwa anthu akuvomereza Islam.

Akuti woyambitsa wa bungwe la, Miri Arab sheikh anatsimikizira wolamulira wa Bukhara kugulitsa akaidi 3,000 Iranians kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama kuti timangire madrassas. Mpaka cha m'ma 20 anali bungwe zapamwamba maphunziro.

Mu 1941, pamaso Wamkulu zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo, ndi Bolsheviks ankachitika ku usilikali nyumba yolembetsera ofesi pankhondo pansi domes ndi Madrasah othawa kupulumuka.

Mu nthawi yathu, ngakhale nambala yaikulu mayunivesite osiyana, Miri Arab ndi kuziganizira imodzi yabwino, ndi mpikisano Mamembala ndi chidwi - 14 Anthu pa mpando.

nyumbayi amapeza chokongoletsedwa ndi Zithunzi zokongola, ndi zamatsenga lidzasinthidwa zokongoletsa ndi maluwa. Malo okongola kwambiri Miri Arab - manda imene bodza Sheikh Abdullah Yamani, mudarris Muhammad Kasim ndi Ubaidullah Khan.

Place kulambira

Kalyan Mosque - ndi nyumba zakale kuti akupereka mapemphero pa dera la Asia Central, omwe inamangidwa m'zaka 15. M'dera la nyumbayi akhoza kumakhalamo pa maholide achipembedzo a anthu mpaka 12 000.

Gallery Kalon Mosque, wokwera pa mizati 208, 288 zigwirizana domes ndi buluu domes ali ngati kuitana khadi la Bukhara.

Pa mbali zonse zinayi

Chor Minor akuimira osakaniza changwiro cha kukongola ndi ukulu. Dzina la Chor-Minor amatanthauza "minarets anayi", limene maonekedwe zokongola za madrassas ndi zizindikiro za South, North, West ndi East. Mbiri yakale amati kamodzi wolemera makalapeti wamalonda silika ndi akavalo thoroughbred Niyazkul Bey anapita ku India ndi kukaona Taj Mahal. Iye adakhuzika ndi dongosolo ili kuti, pa kubwerera kunyumba abverana kuti amange chimodzimodzi otchuka nyumbayi. Pa nthawi yomweyo, iye anaika patsogolo pa wamanga zinthu zingapo kuvomerezedwa.

The choyamba - dongosolo ndi kuti anamangidwira pa silika Road, kwa amalonda ndi apaulendo sanathe kupatsira.

Chachiwiri - kuyang'ana madrassas ayenera zimaimira mfundo zinayi ndi kusonyeza aliyense kuti anthu onse a dziko ndi yomweyo monga iwo ali.

Malo curiosities

Popeza Bukhara anali pa silika Road, kwa zaka ndi nsanja yaikulu malonda. Iwo kufika pano ndi katundu amalonda a maiko akutali kwambiri.

Kukonza malo akafuna kugula malonda, malonda domes anali anamangidwira chidwi. Iwo anakonza pansi pa bazaar, pamene kuoneka ndipo anagula zosiyanasiyana katundu - chakudya kwa curiosities banal kunja.

A zaka zingapo zapitazo, mzikiti ake anaikira mtundu uliwonse wa katundu. Masiku ano, umenewu wakhala sikuthandiza, ndi atatu okha a iwo ntchito zamalonda.