Akalulu, mtundu wamphongo woyera. Kufotokozera, kuswana ndi kusamalira kunyumba

M'madera a m'mudzi wamakilomita apamtunda nthawi zambiri mulibe mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nkhuku, komanso akalulu. Mtundu wa chimphona woyera ndi umodzi mwa otchuka kwambiri. Iyo inalembedwa kumayambiriro kwa zaka makumi awiri mphambu makumi asanu ndi awiri ku Belgium ndi Germany. Ku USSR, nyama izi zinatumizidwa mu 1927.

Mbiri ya mtunduwu

Zikopa za akalulu woyera nthawi zonse zimayamikiridwa kuposa zamtundu wakuda kapena zikopa zakuda. Pambuyo pake, ubweya woterewu ukhoza kupangidwa ndi mtundu uliwonse. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka zapitazi, motsogoleredwa ndi makampani opanga malonda, abambo a ku Belgium adziyika okha ntchito yobereka mtundu watsopano wa akalulu ndi khungu loyera. Flanders ankagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati maziko. Chotsatira chake, mtundu watsopano unapezedwa, womwe umadziwika ndi kukula kwakukulu, ubweya woyera kwambiri ndi thupi lokhazikika.

Mavuto aakulu ku Russia sanali abwino kwa nyama za mtundu uwu. Choncho, obereketsa akuyenera kusintha. Atatha kuwoloka anthu a ku Belgium omwe anali ndi Soviet chinchilla ndi chimphona chachikulu, akalulu a m'kati mwa mtundu waukuluwo anabala. Zithunzi za nyama zamphamvu, zathanzi ndi zolimba zomwe mungathe kuziwona patsamba. Zikuluzikulu zapakhomo ndizodzichepetsa, zomwe zimalekerera ndi kutentha ndi kutentha kwambiri.

Zizindikiro za mtunduwu

Makhalidwe a akalulu a mtundu uwu ndi awa:

• Maso oyera ndi maso ofiira;
• Tsitsi lakuda lakuda;
• Chiguduli chowongolera, thunthu losungunuka ndi chifuwa chabwino (ndi chiwindi);
• Zonse mobwerera mmbuyo;
• Moyenera, pang'ono kumapeto kwa makutu.

Awa ndi akalulu akulu kwambiri. Mtunduwu ndi chimphona choyera - chimodzi mwa zazikulu kwambiri kuposa zonse zomwe zimabadwira mpaka pano. Kutalika kwa thupi la akuluakulu kumatha kufika masentimita 60, kumapeto kwa chifuwa - 37 cm. Polemera, zimphona zoyera zimagawidwa m'magulu atatu:

• Yoyamba - mpaka makilogalamu 5.3;
• Yachiwiri - mpaka 4.8 kg;
• Amuna - mpaka 5,8 makilogalamu.

Chimodzi mwa zopindula zosagwirizana ndi mtundu umenewu ndi kubereka mokwanira. Alimi a minda omwe ali ndi akalulu otere sakhala ndi vuto lililonse ndi kuswana kwawo. Zimphona zazikazi zachikazi sizidya ana awo. Mu zinyalala zambiri, kawirikawiri pamakhala akalulu 6-9, omwe ndi abwino kwambiri kwa mtundu waukulu. Zimphona zakuda ndi nyama zovuta, zosavuta. Kukula kwachichepere kukukula mofulumira kwambiri ndikupeza kulemera kwa miyezi inayi. Akalulu a overdose a mtundu umenewu ndi osafunika. Apo ayi, nyamayo idzadzaza ndi mafuta ndi kutaya zina mwa zakudya zake.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito zolemetsa

Inde, kuchulukitsa chiwerengero cha ziweto ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zazikulu zopezera nyama monga akalulu kumbuyo. Mtundu wa chimphona woyera pakubereka ndi wophweka. Komabe, kuti gulu libwererenso thanzi labwino, labwino kwambiri, malamulo ena ayenera kuwonedwabe. Simungayambe kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mpaka zinyama zili ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Pambuyo pake, kuchepetsa akalulu sikunayanjanitsidwe. Apo ayi, akhoza kutentha. Yambani kukwatirana mwachizolowezi. Ndiko kuti, mkazi amalowetsedwa mu khola kwa mwamuna, osati mosiyana.

Gulu lalikulu - mtundu wa akalulu, kuwoloka kumene kumapereka zotsatira kuchokera nthawi yoyamba. Komabe, pambuyo pa milungu iwiri, ndondomekoyi iyenera kubwerezedwa mobwerezabwereza.

Mkaziyo anagwedeza kwa mwezi umodzi. Amatha kubweretsa anyamata 14 (komanso onse kudyetsa). Koma chiwerengero cha miyala yamtengo wapatali pakati pa zimphona sichikusowa. Kawirikawiri mkazi amabereka akalulu oposa 9-10. Ndi amayi awo amatha miyezi iwiri. Zakale zam'mbuyomu zisanachitike zimakhala zosauka komanso zolemera.

Maselo ndi zitseko

Mavuto abwino apangidwa pa famu, akalulu ambiri adzakula kwambiri. Mbalame zazikuluzikulu zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri komanso zimatuluka kwambiri. Choncho, maselo a zinyama izi ayenera kusankhidwa ndi akulu ndi aakulu. Zofanana kwenikweni zimadalira kalasi ya zinyama. Koma mulimonsemo, kalulu ayenera kukwera mu khola pa msinkhu wokwanira ndipo apange 2-3 mfuu mmenemo.

Gulu lalikulu - mtundu wa akalulu, kufotokozera komwe kunaperekedwa pang'ono, osati bwino kwambiri. Choncho, sungani zinyama m'maselo otsekedwa pambali zitatu ndi plywood wandiweyani kapena m'madzi. Chivundikiro cha selo la mfumukazi kawirikawiri chimapangidwira. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuyang'ana chisa pamene kalulu akuwonekera. Timafunikira maselo osati akazi okha omwe ali ndi ana, komanso azimayi (omwe ali okhaokha), komanso chifukwa chokula zinyama.

Kwa akalulu, akaluluwa, mofanana ndi mitundu ina yambiri, sali okhazikika. Choncho, maselo ayenera kukhala oyera. Disinfection ikuchitika kawiri pachaka.

Nthawi zina zimphona zoyera zimasungidwa. Zomaliza ziyenera kukhala zazikulu zokwanira - kutalika kwa mita imodzi, malo oposa 80 x 80 cm.

Mbali za kudyetsa

Zakudya zawo ziyenera kukhala zosiyanasiyana. Gulu lalikulu - mtundu wa akalulu ndi waukulu, ndipo nyama izi zimakula mofulumira. Choncho, payenera kukhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri mu chakudya chawo. Kuwonjezera pa udzu, udzu ndi mbewu zowonongeka, nyama zimayenera kupatsa chakudya. Komanso okonda kudya zimphona zoyera ndi mabwinja a mkate, tirigu ndi zina zambiri. Ndikofunika kuyika m'maselo kapena nthambi za mitengo ya zipatso , elm, karagach, alder, birch, etc. Droblenka oyenera kwambiri balere kapena oatmeal. Gulani izo kuchokera kwa ogulitsa ogulitsa. Kupyolera mu chakudya nthawi zambiri mitundu yonse ya kalulu imayambitsidwa.

Muzitsulo, nyama ziyenera kukhala ndi madzi oyera nthawi zonse. Dyetsani nyama izi katatu patsiku. Grass ndi nthambi nthawi zambiri zimayikidwa mu khola kapena m'kati mwa madzulo. Nkofunika kuti asalole akalulu kuti adye zomera zakupha. Kuyambira wofalitsa kalulu ayenera kudziwa mtundu wa udzu umene umatsutsana ndi nyama izi. Izi zikuphatikizapo, mwachitsanzo, spurge, mitundu yonse ya nightshade, celandine, dope, bleached.

Kusamalira nyama zinyama

Akalulu amayamba kumwa mowa ali ndi zaka pafupifupi 3-4. Pa nthawi yomweyi, mukhoza kuyamba kudyetsa ndi zinyenyes'ono zowonongeka ndi zinyenyeswazi. Simukufunika kukhala ndi chakudya chapadera. Matenda a m'mimba m'mitsempha, pamene ali pa sieve, ndi ochepa kwambiri, ndipo amadya mofanana ndi kalulu.

Chotsani anawo kwa amayi osaposa miyezi iwiri, ndipo koposa 3. Muyenera kudya chimodzimodzi. Ndikofunika kusintha mawonekedwe omwe amadyetsa mosamala kwambiri. Chakudya chatsopano chimayambitsidwa kudya, kuwonjezera mlingowo pang'onopang'ono pafupi masabata awiri. Kulemera kwa akalulu (mtundu wa chimphona woyera), kuswana kwa chinthu chomwe sichinthu chovuta kumvetsa sikukuyimira, kumakhala mofulumira kwambiri. Komabe, ali ndi chakudya chokwanira kapena chosasamala, mavuto monga kuchepa kwachangu, khungu la khungu, etc., ndizotheka Nthawi zambiri akalulu amakhala ndi zinyama, zomwe zimayenera kuchitidwa ndi udindo waukulu. Kuchokera pa izi kuti kupambana kwabwino kumadalira kwambiri.

Akalulu akupha

Gulu lalikulu - mtundu wa akalulu oyambirira. Nyama yakupha, zaka, monga tazitchula kale, zimatha miyezi 4-5. Amapha nyama m'nyumba zapakhomo, kawirikawiri pogwiritsa ntchito ndodo pa gawo la occipital. Katengeni mimba miyendo ya kalulu ndikumudikirira kuti ayime. Njira imeneyi imatengedwa kuti ndi yaumunthu kwambiri. Ndi kupweteka kwakukulu kwa khosi la chinyama, vertebrae imatha ndipo dongosolo la manjenje likudulidwa, ndipo chifukwa chake, ilo silikumva kupweteka.

Asanaphedwe ku khola la nyama, mbale yakumwa, udzu ndi wothirira amachotsedwa (kwa maola 12). Matumbo ndi chikhodzodzo zikhale mfulu.

Kudula

Kalulu wodulidwayo wapachikidwa pa mtanda pambuyo kwa miyendo yamphongo. Khungu limadulidwa kuzungulira minofu ya phokoso komanso pambali mwa ntchafu. Ndiye amachotsedwa ngati kusungira. Kalulu wa kalulu akhoza kudulidwa atangomwalira. Pankhaniyi, magazi adzalumikizana, ndipo nyama idzawoneka bwino.

Kudula kumachitika motere:

• Pogwiritsa ntchito mpeni, mokoma, kuti asawononge ziwalo za mkati, mimba ya m'mimba imadulidwa.
• Chotsani mkodzo mosamala.
• Matumbo amadulidwa pa anus. Ndiye ziyenera kutengeka pa zokha, kudula ziwalo zina. Pansi pa nyama, muyenera kuyamba kuika pepala. Mimba ndi matumbo a kalulu ndi zolemetsa kwambiri ndipo pansi pa zolemera zawo zimangogwa pansi.
• Gawo lotsatira lichotsa chigawo ndi gawo la trachea.
• Kenaka ndulu imadulidwa ku chiwindi. Muyenera kuchita izi mosamala.

Gwiritsani zinyama zam'miyezi inayi za makilogalamu 4-4.5. Gulu lalikulu - mtundu wa akalulu, zomwe zipatso zake ndi pafupifupi 50% za kulemera kwa nyama.

Chochita ndi khungu

Khalani zimphona zoyera osati nyama zokha. Zikopa za nyama izi ndi zazikulu komanso zokongola. Nthawi yowonongeka pambaliyi imatsimikiziridwa ndi mkhalidwe wa tsitsi. Achinyamata amapha kawirikawiri pambuyo pa kachilombo kachiwiri. Pachifukwa ichi khungu limachotsedwanso ndi kusunga. Zimakhala zovuta kuzipanga kwathunthu kwathu. Choncho, zikopa zimatengedwa mosavuta. Ndiye iwo akhoza kuperekedwa ku fakitale ya ubweya kapena amalonda ogulitsa. Kusungidwa kwachitidwa mwa kuyanika pa malamulo. Khungu limakokedwa mofatsa, kotero kuti palibe kugwedeza kwatsala pamenepo.

Monga mukuonera, akalulu okongola (mtundu wa chimphona woyera), kuswana ndi kusunga pakhomo zomwe sizowopsya, zinyama sizinthu zovuta kwambiri. Chinthu chachikulu ndicho kudyetsa zinyama bwino ndikusunga maselo kapena aviary. Pankhaniyi, akalulu amalepetsa kulemera, ndipo khungu lawo lidzakhala loyera, popanda chikasu.