A. Platonov, "Pa chiyambi cha mnyamata wonyansa": mwachidule mwachidule. "Panthawi yachinyamata wovuta" - nkhani yokhudza mtsikana wamasiye

Mu 1938 magazini ya "New World" inafotokoza nkhani ya Platonov "Olga". Pambuyo pake, wolembayo adapatsa ntchitoyi dzina losiyana - "Pambuyo pa unyamata wonyansa". Nkhaniyi ndi nkhani ya mwana wamasiye pa Nkhondo Yachikhalidwe. Mu nthawi yovutayi, njala ndi zosowa zaumitsa mitima ya anthu. Koma Olga - heroine wa nkhaniyi - ngakhale kuti anali wonyansa komanso wankhanza kwa ena, sanakwiye. Iye, mosiyana, anakhala munthu wamphamvu ndi wokoma mtima. Chidulechi "Pambuyo pa unyamata wonyansa", komanso chithunzi cha munthu wamkulu - mutu wa nkhaniyi.

M'nyumba ya makolo

Nkhaniyi ikuyamba ndi kufotokozera tsiku limene, makolo ake atamwalira, Olga anali yekha m'nyumba. Chidule cha "Pa nthawi ya unyamata wonyansa" mukhoza kuyamba ulendo waufupi kwa azakhali ake, komwe mtsikanayo anali kuyembekezera. Komabe, mu ntchito maganizo a heroine amagwira ntchito yofunikira, yomwe mlembi amapereka mwachidule ndi mosapita m'mbali, koma izi ndi zokwanira kuti owerenga amvetse mphamvu ndi zachilendo za Oli. Ndi makhalidwe omwe amamuthandiza kuthana ndi mavuto onse omwe adakumana nawo.

Msungwana amakhala mwana wamasiye wazaka khumi ndi zinayi. Chidule "Pamayambiriro a unyamata wonyansa" akhoza kuwerengedwera m'malemba ang'onoang'ono, omwe adzawonetsera zochitika zazikulu pazaka zitatu m'moyo wake. Pofuna kuwulula chifaniziro cha heroine, tiyenera kunena mawu ochepa ponena za momwe adatengera imfa ya banja lake.

Ndikofunika kuti mupitirirebe

Olga anadzuka m'mawa, kuchapa zovala za makolo ake akufa ndipo anayamba kuphika chakudya chamadzulo. Panalibe mankhwala mu nyumba nkomwe. Koma adayikabe mphika wa madzi pamoto. Mtsikanayo anakumbukira mawu a amayi ake: "Tiyenera kukhala ndi moyo." Ndipo mawu awa anamupatsa mphamvu. Komanso, nthawi zonse ankawoneka ngati atabwereza zochita za amayi (kuphika, kutsuka, kutsuka), ndiye kuti sangakhale yekha. Madzulo anali kuyembekezera kuti abwere. Koma kumbali ya banja lililonse panali chisoni: typhus inali kutenga miyoyo ya akuluakulu ndi ana. Ndipo mtsikanayo adaganiza kuti ayenera kupita kwa azakhali ake - mkazi wachifundo ndi wokondwa. Osachepera, uyu anali Olga amene amamuimira.

Tatiana Vasilievna

Chidulechi "Pambuyo pa unyamata wonyansa" chitha kunenedwa motere: nkhani ya mtsikana yemwe amakhulupirira zabwino, koma sadakhumudwe ndi anthu, ngakhale adakwiya komanso opanda chifundo. Olga ankakhulupirira kuti mchemwali wa amayi ake - Tatyana Vasilievna - adzasangalala ndi kufika kwake. Pambuyo pake, mkazi uyu anali moyo yekha padziko lonse lapansi. Pamene ankakumbukira ana, Olya anali ndi chithunzithunzi cha abambo ake okondwa. Koma zoona zinali zosiyana kwambiri. Olga adawona mkaziyo ali wansanje, wokwiya, wosakhoza kuwona kanthu koma mavuto ake omwe. Mwamuna wa Tatyana Vasilievna anagwira ntchito molimbika (monga anyamata onse apamwamba ndi apachibale a nkhaniyo), iye anali munthu wozizira, wozizira.

Mu nyumba ya aakazi

Amayi a Olga siwo okhawo omwe amadzikonda komanso owawa, omwe Platonov amamuonetsa mu ntchito yake. "Pambuyo pa unyamata wonyansa" (mwachidule) - mutu wa nkhaniyi. Koma musaganizire za chiwembucho, koma muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa bwino momwe ena amachitira. Ndipo wolemba wake pafupifupi sapereka. Chikhalidwe cha msilikali chimawonekera mu nkhaniyi.

Msonkhano woyamba ndi amalume ake Olga amadziwa kuti sangakhale m'nyumba mwake. Mkaziyo akuyamba kunyoza mwana wamwamunayo ndi chidutswa cha mkate, chomwe sichinadyedwe panobe. Ndipo mtsikanayo atagona, amakhala pansi pafupi ndi bedi lake ndipo amayamba kulankhula zachinyengo cha mlendo wosayembekezera, yemwe amachokera kulikonse, koma "tsopano idyetseni, muzim'veka, ndipo amayembekezera kuti azakhali ake afe ndikumusiya kwawo." Mawu awa akukumana ndi mwana wake wamasiye, mwana wamasiye, heroin uyu wosaganizira za nkhaniyo "Kumayambiriro kwa unyamata wonyansa".

Werengani chidule cha ntchitoyi sichikwanira kumvetsetsa zilembo za anthuwa. Nthawi zovuta, anthu nthawi zambiri amasonyeza makhalidwe awo oipa. Nkhaniyi idapatulidwa kwa Andrei Platonov "Pa chiyambi cha mnyamata wonyansa". Koma inu mukhoza kumvetsa kuya kwake kwa lingaliro lake kokha powerenga ntchito kwathunthu.

Lisa

Pamene akuphunzira Olga ndi mtsikana wina - Lisa. Zolemba zawo ziri zofanana, ndipo amakhala mabwenzi apamtima. Koma atsikana akusiyana kwambiri ndi moyo. Pamene zakudya zimasiya kupereka chakudya, Lisa akuyamba kulira. Koma Olga sasiya manja ake ndikupita kukafunafuna ntchito. Ngakhale pambuyo pa tsiku lovuta, heroine wa nkhaniyo amapeza mphamvu kuti aphunzire, akuzindikira kuti akusowa chidziwitso. Pa chitsanzo cha Olga ndi Lisa, wowerenga amaona machitidwe awiri osiyana kwa anthu omwe akukumana ndi mavuto. Msungwana wa heroine wamkulu amadziganizira yekha, nthawi zambiri amalira. Liza amasonyeza kusabereka komanso kufooka kwake. Koma Olga, mosiyana, amakula mofulumira kwambiri. Amaphunzira kupanga zosankha osati kukhumudwa, ngakhale kuoneka ngati ali m'mavuto.

Yushka

Olga amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi Yushka - mnyamata yemwe amayi ake anamwalira, ndipo amatsatiridwa ndi mtsikana panthawi imene abambo ali pazithunzi. Panthawi imeneyi heroine wa nkhaniyo ali kale zaka 16-17. Ndipo mmenemo kukwanitsa kusamalira ndi kukonda munthu wamng'ono kumayamba kuonekera, komwe kuli kobadwa mwa amayi okha. Ngakhale atatha kupulumutsa sitima ya asilikali a Red Army, pamene akufa, akukumbukira Yushka choyamba.

Kodi A. A. Platonov anali ndani? "Pakati pa unyamata wonyansa"? Mwina mutu waukulu ndi chikhulupiriro cha tsogolo labwino, zomwe zimathandiza heroine kuti athetse njala. Pamene Olga akukhala mu hostel, amapeza yemwe Lenin ali. Chiyembekezo cha munthu wachikulire uyu (ndipo mtsogoleri wa chikominisi pamaso pa Olga - wanzeru ndi wazaka zapakati) amapereka mphamvu zake zodabwitsa. Amayamba kukhulupirira mwa iye ndipo tsopano akuwona kuti ndi udindo wake kusamalira yekha, komanso za chibwenzi chake.

Sitinganene kuti nkhaniyi inalembedwa ndi Andrei Platonov kumayambiriro kwa anyamata ovuta. Chidule chachidule cha ntchito yabwino kwambiri yokhudzana ndi ntchitoyi ikufotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi. Ndipo ngakhale kuti nkhaniyi inalembedwa pambuyo pa zovuta zambiri zosamutsidwa ndi wolemba, ntchitoyo ili ndi chikhulupiriro choyera mwa munthu ndi chiyembekezo cha chimwemwe.