Zolinga zazikulu lyric Pushkin. Mitu ndi amajambulapo maluwa okongola a nyimbo Pushkin a

Dzina lake Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin - ndi otchuka ndakatulo, novelist, wolemba nkhani wina, Wolemba wina ndi zolembalemba wotsutsa - anapita mu mbiri monga woyambitsa wa ntchito zosaiŵalika, komanso tate wa latsopano Chirasha zolembalemba. Pa akangomva Pushkin yomweyo zikutipatsa chithunzi cha chikhalidwe Russian ndakatulo dziko. Ndakatulo Pushkin - ndi lonse kuti namatetule, ntchito zake wapadera lotanthauzira mawu, zithunzi za ndakatulo zake ndi lonse ndi wapadera mwamtheradi, matupi ndi nzeru zaumunthu kuya chigawo cha kunyanyala wake ndakatulo ndi amanditenga owerenga mitundu yonse ndi mibadwo yonse. Komabe, tiyenera mwapadera mawu a Pushkin, amene amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwanjira ndi zithunzi mpaka anaphunzira mokwanira.

Kukoma kwa mawu a Pushkin

Lyrics ya Pushkin - ndi mbiri yake ndakatulo ndi limodzi ndi amafotokoza izi kulenga tsiku ndi moyo wauzimu wa nthawi anthu akutali. Nkhondo ya 1812-TH ndi kupanduka wa Decembrists 1825, serfdom ndi maloto za "ufulu woyera", okondedwa, abwenzi ndi adani, "mphindi wokongola" moyo ndi chisoni ndi "chisoni cha masiku akale" - awa ndi nthawi zonse atalembedwa zimaonekera ndime Pushkin a , akalata, elegies, nkhani ndakatulo, songs, epigrams. Ndipo zonse mwa nkhani zimenezi ndi amajambulapo maluwa okongola a nyimbo Pushkin a mwangwiro oyenera kuphatikiza ndi wolemba, kuti asaone lokhoza mavuto kapena dissonance mu kuwerenga za ntchito zake. Ndi yosatheka kuneneka mkati umodzi wa ndakatulo Pushkin ndi kwambiri molondola ndendende kumatanthauza Belinsky: "The lonse m'nyimbo amakambirana ndi ndakatulo ina ya Pushkin - lamkati anthu kukongola ndi anthu, kuti umafunda moyo."

Chikondi ndakatulo ya Pushkin

Chikondi ndakatulo ya Pushkin moyenerera amatchedwa "buku zinakuchitikirani chikondi." Iwo accommodates osiyanasiyana maganizo: kuchokera zokongola ndi zochititsa chidwi yoyamba wamanyazi akapita ku kukhumudwa wathunthu ndi kusungulumwa anawononga zilakolako za moyo. Chikondi mawu a Pushkin ndi osiyana kwambiri. Kumverera angwiro, amene amakweza moyo wa munthu aliyense ndi wolungama chizolowezi mwachisawawa, amene Mwadzidzidzi, koma monga msanga pochitika, ndipo woyaka chilakolako, limodzi ndi zopsa nsanje ndi chakukhosi. Zolinga zazikulu lyric Pushkin chikondi mutu - chikondi zosavuta, wamkulu ndi kumverera mwanzeru, chilakolako, nsanje ndi ululu, kupweteka ndi kukhumudwa.

Ndakatulo "Ine ndikukumbukira mphindi zodabwitsa ..."

Mumadziwika ndakatulo ya Pushkin "Ine ndikukumbukira mphindi zodabwitsa ..." wolemba analemba nthawi kutchulidwa mu Mikhailovsky. mawu amenewa akuuza Anna Petrovna Kern. Pushkin adamuwona kwa nthawi yoyamba mu St. Petersburg mu 1819 ndi kuti adatengedwa iye ndi izo. patapita zaka zingapo, iye anakomana naye kachiwiri pa anansi, landlords Trigorskoe kumudzi kumene Anna kudzamuyendera azakhali ake. Kumverera kwa chikondi moyo ndakatulo ndi kunabuka mwakhama. Asanachoke Anna ndi Trigorskoe Pushkin anam'patsa chidutswa apangidwe kwa notepaper zinayi. Kumasulidwa izo, Anna anaona mizere ndakatulo chomwe pambuyo adzakhala mwaluso andakatulo Russian muyaya lemekezani dzina lake.

Kapangidwe compositional wa ndakatuloyi

M'nyimbo mutu amasonyeza zofunika mbiri zikuluzikulu asapita Pushkin ndi Kern, apa pali cholinga chachikulu cha kukumbukira mawu a Pushkin. Compositionally ndakatulo lagawidwa zitatu pa ziwalo zamalankhulidwe chigawo. Aliyense wa iwo, nawonso, imakhala quatrains awiri - quatrains wa yofanana. The gawo loyamba la ngwazi m'nyimbo amakumbukira "kamphindi zodabwitsa" anaona mkazi wokongola ndipo anagwa mchikondi ndi kosatha. Wachiwiri anafotokoza zaka olekanitsa - ndi "palibe mulungu ndipo palibe mkwiyo." Chachitatu - msonkhano latsopano okonda, latsopano Mliri wa mphamvu imene "ndi mulungu, ndi kudzoza, ndi moyo, ndi misozi, ndi chikondi." Pakuti chikondi cha ndakatulo lyric la ngwazi za - ichi ndi chozizwitsa chenicheni, ndi vumbulutso la Mulungu. Ndi mmene anamvera wolemba ndakatulo Pushkin mu masiku amenewo, Kumva ankakhala izo pamenepo, ndipo iye ankakhala popanda kuyang'ana mmbuyo.

Ndakatulo "Ndinkakonda inu ..."

Wina ndakatulo yake yotchuka, "Ine ndakukondani inu ..." Pushkin analemba mu 1829, pamodzi ndi zake mwaluso wina - "Kodi mu dzina ..?". Poyamba, ntchito linalembedwa mu chimbale Carolina Sobanskaya, imene ndakatulo unali wautali ndi mopanda chiyembekezo chikondi. Chizindikiro cha vesili, "Ine ndakukondani inu ..." ndi ganizo m'nyimbo ya imafalikira lalifupi kwambiri, aphoristic koma n'zodabwitsa ndi mochititsatu kaso. Mu ndakatuloyi, pafupifupi munthu mafanizo zithunzi chobisika, polysyllabic, kudula achipongwe wake Khutu zambiri alakatuli nthawi ankafotokozedwa maganizo ake kwa wokondedwa wake. Komabe, fano la chikondi limene tingakhale patsogolo wowerenga za mizere ya ndakatuloyi, wodzala ndi matsenga chithumwa ndakatulo, zachilendo kuunika chisoni. Kukwaniritsidwa ntchito, kunyezimiritsa amajambulapo maluwa okongola yaikulu ya ndakatulo Pushkin mwa chikondi lathu, ndi mizere iwiri omaliza. Mwa iwo ndakatulo samangofikira limanena kuti "anawakonda moona mtima, kotero achifundo," komanso akufuna chinthu choyamikiridwa chimwemwe zakale ndi mawu atsopano osankhidwa, "momwe Mulungu aletsa kuti kukondedwa."

Malo ndakatulo ya Pushkin

Nature nthaŵi zonse wakhala sizidzatha chinkatilimbikitsa kuti Pushkin. Mu ndakatulo zinasonyeza zithunzi zambiri zithunzi za chikhalidwe ndi nyengo, nthawi zosiyanasiyana pa chaka, zimene wolemba ndakatulo anakonda m'dzinja. Pushkin anadzionetsa katswiri woona za mfundo malo, woimba Russian mitunda, ngodya kwabasi wa Crimea ndi Caucasus. The mfundo yaikulu, amajambulapo maluwa okongola a ndakatulo Pushkin ndi nthawizonse, mwanjira ina kapena imzake, "womangidwa" ndi chikhalidwe ozungulira. Iye anayamba kuganizira za ndakatulo ngati woima mtengo zokongoletsa, lomwe ndi chidwi koma ambiri ndakatulo malo a Pushkin inamangidwa mu mawonekedwe a tikayerekezera zithunzi za chikhalidwe ndi zochitika m'moyo wa munthu. Zithunzi Natural nthawi zambiri kusiyana kapena M'malo mwake, mu nyimbo ndi maganizo limodzi ndi zochita za ngwazi m'nyimbo. Ngati moyo maziko mabuku ndi zithunzi za chikhalidwe mu ndakatulo lyric. Iwo amachita monga khalidwe ndakatulo maloto ake, kudzipereka, kumbuyo mfundo zawo zauzimu.

Ndakatulo "kunyanja"

ndakatulo imeneyi , Pushkin kuyamba kulemba mu 1824 ku Odessa, akudziwa za kugwirizana wanu zatsopano Mikhailovskoye, komwe kenako atamaliza ntchito pa ndakatuloyi. Zolinga zikuluzikulu za mawu a Pushkin, amene ali lathu masoka, nthawi zonse zimayendera - chodabwitsa zachilengedwe ndi makhalidwe a ndakatulo iyi. Mu ndakatulo "Kuti Nyanja" kutsanzikana kwa expanses nyanja amakhala maziko a ndakatulo za m'nyimbo chinyezimiro cha tsoka la mapeto a munthu, za mphamvu chakupha kuti ali pa zochitika m'mbiri. Nyanja ake ufulu amafotokozera kuti ndakatulo ndi chizindikiro cha ufulu, amagwirizana ndi zithunzi za anthu awiri amene anali ambuye ya Kiyama ndi chimake cha mphamvu za anthu. Iyi ndi Mphamvu ya zochitika mwamsanga moyo Zikuoneka kuti mphamvu ndi ufulu monga chinthu nyanja. Iwo Napoleon ndi Byron, amene Pushkin yekha akuyerekeza. Izi kukumbukira motif mu mawu a Pushkin, komwe akutchula inde adachoka ndi chibadidwe ambiri a ndakatulo wake. Geniuses apita, koma tsoka la ndakatulo akupitiriza tsoka zake zonse.

Nkhanza ndi maphunziro - kutsutsana mu ndakatuloyi

Mu ndakatuloyi, kuwonjezera amajambulapo maluwa okongola achilengedwe, ndakatulo umabweretsa pamodzi mfundo ziwiri: nkhanza ndi maphunziro. Ngati romantics ena a nthawi imeneyo, Pushkin mu ntchito yake zikutanthauza kuti chitukuko mwa kuyambitsa dongosolo latsopano la maphunziro, nthawi yomweyo kusokoneza mwachibadwa ndi kudzipereka ubale yosavuta anthu, imayendetsedwa ndi kulamulira kwa mtima. Kuti tiwonana ndi ufulu ndi mphamvu mchitidwe m'madzi, Pushkin ngati kunena tiwonana kwa chikondi nthawi ya ntchito yake, umene umabwera m'malo ZINTHU MOYENERERA. zolinga ufulu wachikondi mawu a Pushkin kunadetsa zinang'anima ndi ntchito yake ina. Ndipo ngakhale poyamba zikuoneka kuti pachimake chapakati ndakatulo ndi malo, malongosoledwe a zochitika zachilengedwe, m'pofunika kuti tizifufuza pyakubisika chikugwirizana ndi chilakolako cha ndakatulo iyi kumasula chilakolako chawo cha ufulu, mapiko anu kudzoza kwa zonse, popanda mantha ndipo popanda kuyang'ana pa kufufuza mosamala opanduka nthawi.

Nthanthi ndakatulo ya Pushkin

Pushkinskaya nthanthi mawu accommodates kumvetsa ndakatulo osabvunda mfundo za moyo wa munthu: tanthauzo la moyo, imfa ndi umuyaya, zabwino ndi zoipa, chitukuko ndi chikhalidwe, mwamuna ndi anthu, chikhalidwe ndi mbiri. Kwambiri pa adzaupereka kwa mitu ya ubwenzi (makamaka ndakatulo odzipereka kwa Lyceum comrades), kudzipereka kwa zolinga za ubwino ndi chilungamo (mu makalata kwa ophunzira kale lyceum ndi amzanga, Decembrists), kudzipereka ndi chiyero ubale abwino (vesi, kuganizira za cholinga cha moyo, banja ndipo anthu pafupi ndi ndakatulo iyi). amajambulapo maluwa okongola nthanthi ayende lyric ndakatulo, nthawi zambiri zochuluka, akulu iye afika. Kuya mavesi philosophically lotsiriza la Pushkin, olembedwa asanamwalire. Ngati ndakatulo iyi, pokonzekera kuchoka kwake, anaopa unsaid nedodumal ndi nedochuvstvovat pofuna kusamutsa kwa mbadwa zonse yekha popanda kulingalira.

Civic ndakatulo ya Pushkin

mitu Civil mu mawu a Pushkin chavumbulutsidwa kudzera zolinga za chikondi cha dziko, kupyolera tanthauzo la kunyada Amalawi kale unali wotchuka kudzera kuukira mwamphamvu ndi autocracy ndi serfdom, kusokoneza ufulu mbadwa ya munthu monga munthu. Zolinga zazikulu lyric Pushkin lathu woganizirana - ichi ndi mutu wa ufulu, kupirira anthu. Ufulu ndi ndale osati, ndi kutumikira zolinga mkulu chikhalidwe, mfundo ndi ofanana ndi chilungamo, komanso wa ufulu lamkati la munthu aliyense, palibe aliyense amene akhoza kuchotsa. Mbali yaikulu ya ndakatulo nkhani yapachiweniweni - chilango cha nkhanza ndi mitundu yonse ya ukapolo anthu, apadera ufulu mkati, umunthu, amene kumaonekera bwino ndi mfundo za malo abwino, kudzidalira ndi chikumbumtima unsullied.

Mutu wa ndakatulo ndi ndakatulo

Kuwonjezera pa zolinga boma ndi achipembedzo mawu a Pushkin. Mu mphindi okayikira ndi mkati wauzimu matenda ndakatulo agwiritsa ntchito njira imeneyi. Zili ngati chigawo Mkhristu kwambiri kwambiri ubwenzi ndi mmene dziko la anthu. mtundu wa kaphatikizidwe nzeru zaumunthu mawu ndi phokoso ndi ndakatulo yapachiweniweni pa mutu wa ndakatulo ndi ndakatulo. Kodi cholinga ndi tanthauzo la ndakatulo ndi lyric kwambiri zimene - awa ndi mafunso ziŵiri zikuluzikulu zoyambitsa mawunikidwe pa mavuto a malo Pushkin ndi udindo wa ndakatulo anthu, ufulu wa ndakatulo, ubwenzi wake ndi boma ndi chikumbumtima chake. Pachimake cha ndakatulo Pushkin pa mutu wa ndakatulo ndi ndakatulo, linali ndakatulo, "Ine anamangapo chipilala popanda manja ...". ntchito linalembedwa mu 1836 ndipo pa moyo wa Pushkin si kusindikizidwa. Mutu ndi chiwembu munthu amajambulapo maluwa okongola a ndakatulo Pushkin zimachokera wotchuka wachiroma wolemba ndakatulo Horace ndi ode "Kuti Melpomene". Yomweyi Pushkin anatenga epigraph ntchito yake: «Exegi monumentum» ( «Ine anamangapo chipilala").

Uthenga mibadwo tsogolo

Zolinga zazikulu lyric Pushkin nthawi imeneyo - uthenga kwa oimira m'mibadwo yanu. Ndi chikhalidwe chawo, ndakatulo "Ndine chipilala anamangidwira popanda manja ..." ndi mtundu wa pangano ndakatulo, muli kudzidalira a ndakatulo iyi, zopereka wake ku mudzi ndi ana. Mtengo, umene ndi ndakatulo zake mibadwomibadwo, Pushkin yophiphiritsira ukukamba chipilala kuti waposa "Alexandria chipilala". Alexander ndime - chipilala kwa asilikali achiroma Pompeyi ku Alexandria, Egypt, koma amagwirizana kwenikweni kwa wowerenga ndiye kuti chipilala kwa Mfumu Alexander anamangidwa mu St. Petersburg mu mawonekedwe a mtengo mkulu.

Gulu la zolinga zikuluzikulu za mawu a Pushkin

limasonyeza bwinobwino waukulu zolinga lyric Pushkin tebulo pansipa:

Imeneyi ndi malongosoledwe ambiri mwa nkhani zikuluzikulu za ndakatulo kwambiri. Umodzi uliwonse zolinga lyric Pushkin tebulo sangathe akomere ambiri amaganiza ndi onse amakonda ndakatulo mwapang'ono. Ambiri otsutsa zolembalemba kuvomereza kuti Pushkin wina wake, wina ndikupeza mbali zatsopano za ntchito yake. Kuwerengetsera pa ndakatulo kuti, kulankhula m'mabuku ake za chilakolako kuutsa wowerenga kwambiri maganizo, kumupanga iye ndikuganiza, yerekezerani, zinachitikira ndi, Chofunika kwambiri, kumva.