Zikamera wa statehood mu Asilavo kum'mawa - ndi normannizm antinormannizm

Mapangidwe boma m'dziko wakale, kusonyeza kusintha kwambiri za chuma - ndi asapita chuma ndi ndale, kuzindikira kugwirizana adzadziwire mtundu wa mafuko ambiri achibale. Komabe, njira inali nthawi yambiri ndi chofunika kwambiri khama pa mbali ya utsogoleri mafuko ndi anthu amathandiza.

Zikamera wa statehood mu za Asilavo kum'mawa zonse zikutipatsa mtsutso za makolo ake. Olemba ambiri amafuna kuti Varangian chiphunzitso cha mapangidwe boma la Asilavo. Ndipo awa ndi ndani Scandinavia chomwecho? Mayiko Scandinavia - ndi maganizo. Choncho, malinga asayansi ena anthu awa - ndi Normandy, Norsemen. Maganizo ake, zichokera chakuti anali nthawi ya Norman nkhondo mu nyanja, ku Ulaya, zinthu ya ntchito zimenezi zikhoza kukhala dziko la East Asilavo.

The zikamera wa boma wakale Russian kwa ndithu nthawi yaitali mu sayansi mbiri kugwirizana ndi Normandy ndi mtsogoleri wawo Rurik. Zinaoneka kuti Asilavo okha kwa izo zakhala zovuta kuti chifukwa cha backwardness ake. Chiphunzitsochi anaonekera mu Swedish ndi Russian atasemphana pa mavuto zifukwa zolinga anthu ankhanza wa Scandinavians. Ndiyeno mfundo zimenezi tikuziona zilipo ntchito yachilendo pansi Russia exacerbation ubale ndi West. Asayansi, amapereka kaonedwe ichi pa zikamera wa statehood mu Asilavo kum'mawa, zinadziwika normannistami ndi chiphunzitso - normannistskoy. Normannizma Kuikiradi anali asayansi ena Russian chiyambi German (GF Miller, Schletzer AM), komanso anthu a boma Russian historiography, omwe ankalimbikitsa normannizm kulimbikitsa ulamuliro ndi kuwuka kwa a Rurik mafumu.

Otsutsa ndi Norman chiphunzitso cha zikamera wa statehood mu Asilavo kum'mawa cha m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu anadziwika mbiri Russian Mikhail Lomonosov, VN Tatishchev Maphunziro awo, iwo ankanena kuti Rurik ndi Scandinavia - ndi oimira Baltic Asilavo, omwe anali ndi Asilavo kum'mawa chikhalidwe wamba, ethnogenesis, chinenero. Gululi udindo uwu mu sayansi mbiri wotchedwa antinormannistami.

Kenako, Russian ndi Soviet mbiri yakale zatsimikiziridwa kuti zikamera wa statehood mu Asilavo kum'mawa anali akamayamba Pasanapite nthawi Normandy, ndi monga mfundo zoona za maphunziro onse pa Antes. Kenako, zoyambira za boma zoposa zimaoneka mu ulamuliro wa Chia. Komabe, kutsutsana pa nkhani sindileka ndi zipani kupereka zifukwa zosiyana mu mtima mwawo. The umboni waukulu zikamera wa normannistov ano mtundu pakati pa Asilavo - ichi zinthu zofukulidwa m'mabwinja m'mayiko kumpoto chakumadzulo cha Asilavo, amene kutanthauziridwa monga Scandinavia lapansi. Antinormannisty kuteteza udindo wake kudzera mwa zilankhulo, Anthropology, gwero. Ndipo ambiri amakhulupirira amafotokoza, imene Nestor limatchula momveka bwino za Scandinavia ndi mawu akuti "Lazaro". Choncho, zikamera wa statehood mu Asilavo kum'mawa - funso lofuna, ngakhale umboni umaonetsa mbali ziwiri zambiri, koma sayansi, pali mbali ya onse limodzi ndi maganizo a mnzanuyo.