Wine nsembe. Kodi osiyana ndi mowa wamphamvu vinyo mkate? Mkate ndi vinyo kunyumba

Amakono ambiri Russian, makamaka alendo, mawu akuti "Polugar" kanthu limanena. N'chifukwa chake dzina la nakhalanso ena chakumwa anatengedwa monga malonda chiwembu, chifukwa miyezi sikisi iliyonse pa maalumali pali mizimu latsopano. Ndipotu Polugar - aiwala kholo la mowa Russian, si kanthu koma mbewu vinyo, zomwe kubala zitsulo kale kwambiri kuposa vodika bwino mu Russia.

A mbiri pang'ono

Vodika - chisakanizo cha mowa ndi madzi oyera. Mu Russia, iye anaonekera kokha m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi mochedwa. Kodi anadya kale mu Russia? Wine anali waukulu tirigu mizimu. Ankachita zimenezi ndi zotchezera ochiritsira, monga, ndithudi, likuwapangabe dziko lonse. Kusiyana kokha mu zipangizo.

Aliyense amayendetsa kumwa zimene wolemera. Mu France, Italy, Spain, mphesa izi mu Germany zambiri ntchito tirigu mu England - balere. Russia wakhala nthawizonse wolemera rye, ndipo izo zikupanga mkate ndi vinyo wake. Kupanga ndondomeko zosiyana pang'ono kuchokera moŵa ochiritsira, kapena kupanga "mtengo linga" kachasu Scotland. Ngati inu mukukhulupirira kutchula koyamba, ndi Sikochi wapa kachasu anali kale mu 1494. An abbot King James anatumiza pempho balere zocitikazo kupanga kachasu, ndiye ankatchedwa "madzi a moyo" - "Aqua vita".

Mu Russia, mizimu anatchula m'buku Matveya Mihovskogo Pole mu 1517. Iye anafotokoza kuti anthu Muscovite, yopambana uchi ndipo dzinthu, anabala "moto madzi," lomwe umafunda iwo mu frosts kwambiri. Rusichi akudzipeza okha akuitanidwira izi madzi mkate ndi vinyo (chifukwa njira yokonza).

Otchedwa mowa wamphamvu?

Mowa wamphamvu wotchedwa mwayeretsa mu angapo nsembe masitepe vinyo, kumene adaonjezeredwa zonunkhira zosiyanasiyana ndi zitsamba. Kuyambira mfundo panopa view, ndi - tincture. Ndipo panali ochepa a mitundu yake.

Nthawi zina vodika anali ndi palibe zina, monga vinyo otchezedwa, mwayeretsa mopitirira mu mowa wamphamvu kyubu. chakumwa anali okwera mtengo kwambiri, kumwa anthu olemera okha kudziwa mkate ndi vinyo. Vodika anali 5% mowa la dzikolo. The njira ya distilling mowa wamphamvu ndi vydelyvaniya vinyo pamene msonkho osiyana umene, zinali awiri njira chosiyana.

Only mu 1936 anali mowa wamphamvu mu Russia ndi zosiyanasiyana. Iwo wakhala osakaniza mwachizolowezi wa kudzatha mowa ndi madzi oyera. Pa chizindikiro "mowa wamphamvu" mabotolo 40% mowa anayamba sati abwera liti.

Mkate ndi vinyo - Polugar

Kwa nthawi yaitali Polugar anali mu Russia wapamwamba ndi otchuka kwambiri mowa. vinyo ndithu amphamvu - 38,5%, ali ndi kukoma wapadera wa rye. Mpaka 1895 Polugar ankaona chizindikiro cha khalidwe la mowa, chifukwa mphamvu zake mosamalitsa ankalamulira.

Nicholas Ine lamulolo ngakhale inakhazikitsa mu 1842, chimene Polugar kufufuzidwa mwapadera, kuti ali ndi annealing. Kodi izi zinachitika bwanji? Avereji ya tirigu vinyo akhoza kukhala a mzinda uliwonse kwa madigiri 38 mpaka 50, Polugar ndi mosamalitsa unachitikira 38,5%. Pamene asanalandire alcoholmeters.

ndondomeko ndi malamulo ali motere: vinyo udzathiridwa mu otzhigatelnitsu mkuwa ndi akayaka ndi luso lapadera. Polugar anali kufukiza ndendende theka. Choncho dzina la izo - polugarnoe vinyo. Bloodshot awiri "stklyanki" akupita kugwira ndi ophatikizidwa mu umodzi "stklyanku". Ichi chinali ponseponse. Kenako alcoholmeters, anakwanitsa kupeza madigirii angati Polugar anatembenuka 38-39, osati 40.

Kodi anachita madigiri 40?

Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti Mendeleyev anayamba kuswana mowa mpaka madigiri makumi anai. Ndipotu, luso uyu anayambitsa Minister Finance pa nthawi Reitern. Ichi chidachitika kuti atsogolere ntchito ya akuluakulu. Pambuyo oyamba mu 1863 msonkho excise iwo momvetsa kudzipatula kuchuluka ndi kuchulukitsa ndi 38 Minister analamula n'kulemba mkate vinyo Nyumbayi madigiri 40. Ndiye kale alcoholmeters ntchito ndi luso "kuwotcha-kunja" wakhala ogwirizana.

Mu 1895 ku Russia, pambuyo oyamba a boma okhawo pa ethyl mowa kudzatha, Polugar kupanga inaletsedwa. Iwo anayamba kubala mowa wamphamvu. Pang'onopang'ono mkate vinyo Chinsinsi anali aiwala ndi atangomwalira anayamba kupereka Russian msika wapadera wakale chakumwa.

mitundu Polugar

Poyamba, masiku Russian msika analandira atatu okha Polugar: chimera, tirigu ndi rye. Tsopano kupanga anapezerapo mitundu latsopano "adyo-tsabola", "rye-tirigu", "uchi-tsabola". Izi zakumwa latsopano pang'ono mtengo, monga zilibe pochitika imathandiza dzira woyera. n'ngosavuta kupezeka kwa misa. Classic Polugar zambiri zodula ndi Mabaibulo watsopano ayenera kukhala chabwino kwa womdziwa choyamba.

Kodi osiyana ndi mowa wamphamvu Polugar

Vodika akutengedwa koyera mowa, womwe wapangidwa ndi mizati distillation. Mankhwala, ndi oyera mwamtheradi, palibe onunkhiritsa owonjezera ndi oonetsera. Kuti Polugar ntchito vinyo nsembe. distillation Traditional Kodi kuchotsa kukoma zipangizo. Polugar ali kwambiri, wowala kukoma kwa chakudya. Kukoma kwa chakumwa ndi kanthu wosayerekezeka. Kumlingo kuti angayerekezedwe yekha ndi Sikochi wapa kachasu. Ataledzera Polugar sindimakonda mowa wamphamvu. Ngati vodika ndi bwino kumwa mumameza wina, ndiye muyenera kuyesa Polugar sips wamng'ono, kotero inu mukhoza kupeza bwino kumva owala, kukoma wapadera ndi fungo la kumwa.

Mkate ndi vinyo Chinsinsi. masiteji Waukulu

Kukonzekera Polugar ayenera rye distillate. Pakuti Braga kutenga kusankha rye, coarsely nyembazo ndi kuthira kasupe madzi oyera. Madzi sikutanthauza zosefera zina.

Pambuyo kunyumba moŵawu zacha, zidzakhala okonzekera distillation, azimanga wapadera mkuwa distillation cubes. Kusunga luso brazhny chakumwa otchezedwa, ngati chofunika, mu magawo angapo. Kenako Polugar mwayeretsa birch makala kapena dzira azungu. Zotsatira ayenera kukhala bwino amphamvu mowa.

Chifukwa Polugar ziribe kanthu kochita ndi mowa wamphamvu ano. Musaphwanye kwambiri utakhazikika firiji, pali bwino mkate kununkhira.

ufa Polugar

The vinyo mkate Chinsinsi (Polugar) zikuphatikizapo zigawo izi:

• 2 makilogalamu ufa;
• 8 L madzi;
• 100 ga yisiti;
• 100 ga shuga.

1. Rye kapena ufa wa tirigu bwino kusungunuka m'madzi ofunda. Muziganiza bwino kupewa apezeka, ndi kupeza madzi homogeneous misa. Kutenthetsa misa chifukwa (sitata) pa moto wochepa, wiritsani kwa ola, oyambitsa mosalekeza, kutentha sayenera upambana madigiri 70. Liziwawa pang'onopang'ono tikhale ndi kuunika mthunzi bulauni.
2. Chotsani kutentha, kulola kuti kuziziritsa kwa firiji chotupitsa. Kuwonjezera chofunika kuchuluka kwa yisiti ndi shuga, akuyambitsa bwino ndi kusiya kuti kupesa.
3. Patapita masiku atatu, pa chachinayi, ungapose wokonzeka Braga. The precipitate bwino kuphatikiza, koma ngati anatsatira ndi distillation mobwerezabwereza, n'zotheka ndi kusiya.
4. Ngati inu mosamalitsa kutsatira Chinsinsi, chifukwa pambuyo distillation woyamba tili awiri malita yolimba kwambiri ya jang'ala. M'pofunika kuchepetsa 1: 1 ndi madzi ndi kuyendetsa kachiwiri pa distiller lapansi.
5. Kuti chakumwa wangwiro, mukhoza ndi distillation lachitatu. Kuyeretsedwa kugwira ntchito dzira loyera kapena makala. Ena ochiritsira adamulowetsa mpweya ku nduna mankhwala.
6. The Choncho analandira tirigu vinyo kunyumba (Polugar) ali ndi mphamvu madigiri kwa 42 mpaka 45. Ndi zonse zimene kumwa zosavuta kumwa, ali ndi kukoma wofatsa mkate. Pakuti starters Russian phwando akuonetsa nyama, mbale nsomba zosiyanasiyana Nkhaka.

Mkate ndi vinyo popanda yisiti (jang'ala)

Mu Russia, kuyambira kalekale wotchuka amphamvu chakumwa anakonza pa maziko a rye, tirigu, Mapila ndi balere ndi Kuwonjezera ya yisiti n'kumugawa m'magulumagulu zakutchire. zakumwa Tsopano zoweta mowa salinso kusangalala ngati kutchuka lonse, koma kwa iwo amene mukufuna achilengedwe awo mankhwala, izi Chinsinsi adzabwera imathandiza.

Mkate Brew ali ndi kukoma chosiyana omwe si chibadidwe zakumwa zina zofanana. Iye ali ndi kukoma pang'ono amaonekera tirigu, m'pofunika kumwa chilled, linga osachepera madigiri 32. Ngati rye linatengedwa, kukoma vodika ladzala, ndi tart, kumwa kuwapeza lililonse limatisokoneza tirigu Sourdough feedstock. A kumwa tingachipeze powerenga amaperekedwa kuwonjezera zonunkhira owonjezera (sinamoni, aniseed ndi ena).

masiteji kuphika

Timakula yisiti zakutchire. 4 makilogalamu tirigu Muzitsuka mu madzi, mudzaze wogawana mu 25 lita chidebe. Thirani oyera madzi masentimita 2. Onjezerani magalamu 800 a shuga ndi kusonkhezera bwinobwino. Siyani mu mdima kwa masiku 5. Kumverera wowawasa fungo mudzazindikira kuti yisiti wokonzeka.

Kukonzekera madzi a. Mu madzi ofunda (malita 15), akuyambitsa makilogalamu 3 shuga. Thirani madzi mu chidebe ndi tirigu. Kuphimba mwamphamvu ndi chivindikiro. Siyani kupesa kwa masiku 6. kutentha chiyenela kuchitika kwa madigiri 22 mpaka 28.

Distillation. Braga mosamala kukhetsa matope-free. Amalandira pa jang'ala. Muyenera kupeza malita 3 mkate Brew. mphamvu ukufika madigiri 79. Ndi bwino kuchepetsa chakumwa oyera madzi madigiri 45-50.

Kukonza. Kukonza chakumwa ku fusel mafuta ntchito manganese. Kuwonjezera timibulu pang'ono mu botolo. Patapita masiku angapo pansi adzagwa flakes wakuda. Ndiye muyenera zosefera ndi mowa wamphamvu. Kuthirira akhoza kuika zigawo zingapo za cheesecloth, izo amaika mumsewu nkhosa, khala ufa. Pa wosanjikiza ulemu ayenera kutsanulira 1 supuni ya tiyi ya soda ndi shuga. A kwapang'onopang'ono yaing'ono kudumpha kumwa kudzera nyuzi ya. Sinthanitsani sefa iliyonse malita atatu. Kulawa bwino, ndi mowa wamphamvu osasankhidwa ayenera kunena masiku 3-5.