Wamkazi Psyche - mwini wa moyo. Nkhani Cupid ndi Psyche

Wamkazi Psyche ndi nthano za nthawi zonse anali wotchuka kwambiri. Makamaka wokongola ndi chikondi amaona kuti nkhani ya unansi wake ndi Cupid (Eros). Nthano iyi inali maziko zosiyanasiyana zosemasema. Akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti nthano imeneyi si nthano, koma kwambiri, nthanthi ntchito.

Wamkazi Psyche: ndi ndani?

Kale Greek (ndi Chiroma) chikhalidwe Psyche ndi mtundu wa mwini wa moyo. Nthawi zambiri anafotokoza monga mulungu wamkazi wa mtsikana ndi mapiko, nthawi zina ankaoneka ngati Gulugufe. Mwa njira, ena amanena pali nkhani za mmene Eros ndi muuni kuthamangitsa gulugufe, mwina chifukwa panali onse odziwika bwino, akuti ndi kufanizira lapamtima.

Vicky Gulugufe za pa tombstones zimakhala pafupi chigaza ndi zizindikiro zina zofunika za imfa. Frescoes wa wamkazi uyu anapezeka pa zofukulidwa wa Pompeii - apa anayandikira ndi pensulo, chitoliro ndi zina makhalidwe ena nyimbo. A mural wa Vettii House akamachita zithunzi zosiyanasiyana zimene Eros ndi Psyche kusonkhanitsa maluwa, kugwira mafuta mphero, etc. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, chuma olengedwa III-I zaka BC, anafotokoza zambiri kutanthauzira zosiyanasiyana za nkhani ya chikondi pakati pa milungu iwiri.

anachita pamene nthano ya Psyche ndi Cupid?

N'zosatheka kupeza ndendende pamene mu folklore anabwera kutchula koyamba za mulungu ndi moyo wa n'zomvetsa chisoni chake chikondi. Woyamba yaing'ono kutchula anapeza ntchito za Homer ndi mbiri yakale zina za nthawi.

Kwathunthu nthano zili ntchito ya Apuleius - wotchuka Roman wolemba ndi nzeru za anthu. About wolemba Koma tikudziwa kuti iye anabadwa mu chimodzi cha zigawo African Roma, ndicho Madavre. Apuleius moyo wake analenga kugwira ntchito kwambiri, ndipo iye analembera onse mu Latin ndi Chigiriki. The ntchito otchuka amaidziwa buku, "The Golden bulu" (dzina lina - "Metamorphosis"), unakhazikitsidwa m'ma AD chachiwiri. buku iyi imakhala ndi mabuku khumi, amene anabwera kwa ife tonse za iwo, kupatula masamba angapo kuonongeka. Ilo liri mu "Metamorphoses" Apuleius analemba za Eros ndi Psyche - mu mawonekedwe a nthano ndi wafika masiku athu.

Chikondi nkhani ya Psyche: Chigawo choyamba

Malinga ndi nthano, mmodzi wa mfumu anali ndi ana aakazi atatu, wamng'ono amene - Psyche. Mulungu (koma yosavuta mtsikana) anali wokongola kwambiri kuti anthu padziko lonse anabwera ku amasirira kukongola kwake. Patapita nthawi, anayamba kulambira mulungu, kuiwala za Aphrodite, omwe sakanakhoza samasangalala ake.

N'chifukwa chake, pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana, Psyche Aphrodite anakopa bambo ake kuvala mwana wamkazi mu ukwati kavalidwe ndi ukwatiwa chilombo choopsa. Iye mwadzidzidzi yekha mu chinyumba osadziwika pafupi mwamuna wake, amene anapereka chikhalidwe chake - iye sayenera kuona nkhope yake.

Pamene osangalala ndi pakati Psyche adapita kukaona makolo ake, alongo kuwopseza pomuuza kuti chirombo zoopsa, amene ali mwamuna wake, ndipo posakhalitsa kupita kukadya, ndipo mwana wosabadwa. Psyche kudalira usiku umenewo, zida ndi nyali ndi zigawenga, analowa kuchipinda kwa mwamuna wake, pamene iye koyamba nkhope yokongola ya mwamuna wake Eros. Chodabwitsa komanso kudabwa, iye akutsamira kwambiri nyale - madontho ochepa unagwa pa khungu mwamuna kapena mkazi. Pamene Eros ndinagalamuka ndi anazindikira kuti anali ndipanga Psyche, iye anamusiya.

Pakati ndipo anasiya mkazi wathedwa kuyendayenda dziko lapansi kufikira akaipeza mwamuna wake wokondedwa. Mu njira iyi akhadikhira kwambiri mavuto. Koma mapeto, iye anakwanitsa tikupeza kuti Eros ndi m'nyumba ya mayi ake Aphrodite - apa wotopa iye ndipo iye anakumana ndi wamkazi wamkulu. Vicky komanso anavomera kukwaniritsa chilichonse chimene mayi lamulo chiyembekezo kuona Eros.

mayesero anayi a Soul pa kaonedwe ka zamaganizo

Aphrodite anamuuza kuti adzalola ake kukumana ndi mwana wake mmodzi yekhayo ngati angathe kugwira ntchito anayi. mavuto onse akhala kovuta, koma nthawi iliyonse Psyche mozizwitsa anakwanitsa kuwathetsa. Zamaganizo maganizo omwewo pa nkhani imeneyi. Nthawi iliyonse ntchito anamaliza akazi kudziŵa latsopano ndi luso. Osangopereka kuchita zimene tingathe kukumana ndi mumaikonda - izo ali kusanduka kukhala woyenera Mulungu.

Mwachitsanzo, Aphrodite woyamba adakwatira msungwana mu chipinda ndi gulu lalikulu la mbewu zosiyana ndi anauza kuthetsa iwo. Zamaganizo ndikukhulupirira izi ndi ophiphiritsa zofunika. Musanapite chomaliza chachikulu chiweruzo, mkazi athe kumvetsa maganizo awo, kuti wataya mantha, kupatutsa zofunika chinthu yochepa kwambiri.

Ndiye Psyche anali ena a ubweya Golden wa nkhosa dzuwa. Zikuluzikulu mizukwa aukali athyola kamtsikana ankafuna padutse iwo. Koma Reed anamuuza kudikira usiku, pamene nyama ndisiye ntchitoyi. Kuchokera kaonedwe ka maganizo, amenewa ntchito ndi fanizo - mkazi akhoza kukhala odzidalira, popanda kutaya maonekedwe a umunthu wake, luso kumvera chisoni.

Ntchito yachitatu Psiheya anali kusonkhanitsa madzi ku chinthu choletsedwa lomwe iri yofulumira pansi kuchokera ming'alu thanthwe apamwamba. Ndithudi, iye akanakhoza kuzileketsa imfa, ngati Pankhaniyi kuti amuthandize anabwera mphungu. Akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti fanizo limeneli amanena kuti amatha kuona chithunzi chachikulu, chimene chiri chofunika kwambiri kuthetsa mavuto ena.

Ntchito lomaliza - kutulutsa Ufumu mobisa kwa bokosi ndi kuchiritsa mafuta. Inde, pita mu dzenje la imfa inali yomweyo. Koma akamanena za ntchito - kuganizira cholinga chanu ndi ngati n'koyenera kunena kuti "ayi." Pambuyo Psyche panjira ndinakumana ndi anthu ambiri, kupempha kuchita nawo mankhwala. Choncho, mkazi salola momwe ntchito, ngakhale chisoni ndiponso chifundo.

Ulipobe

Pamene Psyche anabwerera kuchokera pansi pa nthaka, anaganiza ntchito pang'ono wamwalira ku bokosi lamaliro ndi kufufuta kuda mavuto kuchokera pamaso pa kukumana ndi mwamuna wake. Iye sankadziwa chimene chiri mu thunthu anali mzimu wa Hypnos - mulungu wa tulo. Ndipo pambuyo onse akungoyendayenda Psyche anagona momveka. Apa anapeza Eros ake, kudzuka muvi wake wa chikondi.

Pambuyo pake, mulungu wa chikondi anatenga chiletso yake Olympus, kumene Zeus analandira chilolezo ukwati. Thunderer chopatsika chosafa mtsikana ndipo anavomereza naye ku gulu la milungu. Wamkazi Psyche ndi Eros anali ndi mwana - voluptas, mulungu wa zosangalatsa. Only mgwirizano wa moyo ndi chikondi chimayambitsa zosangalatsa weniweni, chimwemwe chenicheni.

Bodza Zoona?

owerenga ambiri ndazindikira nthano monga ena nkhani wosangalatsa. Ndipotu zimenezi si zoona kwathunthu - akatswiri kuphunzira nthano zakale amanena kuti aliyense nkhani ngati wanyamula nzeru zozama kwambiri.

Zamaganizo amagwiritsa ntchito fanizo la Psyche kwa analogies. Ndipo Jung anafotokoza zikamera wa nthano ofanana ndi malongosoledwe a anthu osiyanasiyana yemweyo chochitika umboni wa kuli otchedwa "gulu chikomokere."

Aphunzitsi, aphunzitsi ndi zamaganizo amakhulupirira kuti kuwerenga nthano - wogwiritsira ntchito zothandiza, chifukwa zimathandiza m'njira Kufikika kufotokoza izi kapena kuti vuto, malingaliro, malamulo chikumbumtima ndi malamulo.

Ancient Greek nthano mabuku

Ndipotu nkhani zachikondi chikondi maphatikizidwe moyo ndi inakhala maziko a nkhani zambiri odziwika bwino ntchito zolembalemba. Makamaka, Zhan De La Fontaine analenga "Chikondi cha Cupid ndi Psyche." Hippolytus nthano Bogdanovich ntchito kulenga "Wokondedwa". Palinso "Ode kuti Psyche" lomwe linalembedwa ndi Yohane Keats. "Psyche" ndi A.Kuprin, Bryusov, M. Tsvetaeva. Mu kudziwika pepala Suskind "Perfume. Nkhani ya wakupha "mafutawo dzina lake polemekeza mulungu wamkazi.

Ndipo nkhani Psyche, osachepera kumatikumbutsabe ake angathe kuona luso wowerengeka ndi nkhani ana. kufunika chimodzi chokha kukumbukira "Cinderella," "Kukongola ndi Chirombo", komanso zosiyanasiyana nthano, kumene mlongo wamkulu wa choyipacho mwachilungamo kusokoneza moyo wa khalidwe lalikulu - mankhwala amenewa alidi kwambiri.

Mbiri ya wamkazi nyimbo

Kumene, chotero waphindu komanso cha nzeru za nthano sanathe kunyalanyaza ndi oimba. History of Cupid ndi Psyche anamugwiritsa ntchito kulenga ambirimbiri katswiri izi. Makamaka mu 1678 panali lyric tsoka (za zisudzo) ndi Jean-Baptiste Lully wakuti "Psyche." Mwa njira, wolemba ntchito libretto ndi Tom Corneille. Ndipo Cesar Frank kwachititsa kuti pakhale oratorio yakuti "Psyche" chifukwa nthetemya oketsra ndi kwayala.

Ngati kulankhula za luso kwambiri yofanana ndi mu 1996, gulu loimba "Psyche" analengedwa mu mzinda wa Kurgan, ntchito kalembedwe wa thanthwe zina.

Zooneka Tirhana: bodza Cupid ndi Psyche

Mwachibadwa, makumi ndi mazana ojambula zithunzi amagwiritsa ntchito nthano nkhani yaikulu zithunzi wake. Pambuyo Psyche - wamkazi amene ophatikizapo mokhudza, wamphamvu ndi zofewa nthawi yomweyo mkazi amatha chilichonse mwayi pamodzi ndi okondedwa anu. Mwachitsanzo, kutchuka chachikulu cha ntchito ya Pompeo Batoni wakuti "Ukwati wa Cupid ndi Psyche." Mu 1808 Prud'hon analenga kupenta "Psyche abera marshmallows."

Bouguereau ntchito anaonekera pansi pa dzina "chisangalalo Psyche" mu 1844. Mwaluso analenga kupenta ndi chimodzi mwa mafanizo wotchuka linayamba. Cupid ndi Psyche zinkakoperedwa akusonyeza Raphael, Giulio Romano, komanso P. Rubens. Fransua Zherar analenga kupenta wokongola wotchedwa "Psyche kulandira woyamba kukupsopsonani." A olimbikitsa chikondi nkhani komanso amaonetsera A. Canova, Ogyust Roden.