Wambiri Yakub Kolas: mbali chifungulo cha moyo wolemba

Wambiri Yakub Kolas - ndi nkhani ya moyo ndi ntchito, zomwe ndithudi kuliganizira. Izi si wina ya mfundo youma ndi masiku, ndi zowawa za moyo wa munthu, amene anali wokhoza kuti amukope mibadwo ingapo ndipo zoposa chopereka chogwirika pa mbiri ya mabuku Chibelarusi.

Zaka zoyambirira za moyo

Poyamba, Dziwani kuti dzina lake lenileni la wolemba wotchuka ndi ndakatulo - Konstantin Mihaylovich Mitskevich. Ndipo mu dziko lino, iye anadza ku famu Okinchitsy November 3, 1882. Malowa ali pafupi ndi mudzi Mykolayiv, omwe ali mbali ya dera Minsk.

Atate Konstantina Mitskevicha kunali nkhalango ndi kugwira ntchito mu gawo limene a magnate Radzivllu.

Wambiri Yakub Kolas simungakhoze kuchita popanda kufotokoza malo amenewo kumene iwe zaka anu ubwana, wolemba m'tsogolo, monga iwo kudzutsidwa mphamvu za kulenga mu moyo wake. m'mbali amenewa anali wokongola kwambiri - mmodzi wa kwabasi kwambiri Belarus. Ndi za nkhalango yowirira ndi mtsinje Neman.

Kenako mu ndakatulo adzakhala ankakonda kuwauza mmene kugwirizana ndi zidindo za ana a m'mudzi umenewu. Ngati ife kulankhula za malo komwe achinyamata Constantine anapita zambiri, muyenera kukumbukira m'midzi ing'onoing'ono monga Lastok, Albut ndi Okinchitsy.

learning

Wambiri Yakub Kolas amatipeza kumafuna nthawi imeneyi ya wolemba. Choyamba kukhudza kudziwa Constantine anali wokhoza kuti ndithandize maphunziro. Sitepe yotsatira inali Nikolaev sukulu. Mkati mwa makoma ake Yakub Kolas analemba ndakatulo yake yoyamba.

Zolembalemba zinachitikira luso mnyamatayo anayamba ndi nthano "Khwangwala ndi Fox" ndi ndakatulo "Spring". Ntchito imeneyi inali kuyambitsidwa kuti atsitse ndi Konstantin zolengedwa olemba monga Pushkin, Krylov, Zhukovski, Lermontoff neri Al.

Jakub maphunziro a ku pulayimale zaka 12. Pankhaniyi, awisi ankafunitsitsa kuti mwana wake pachifuwa cha sayansi ndi kuzindikira kuthekera kwawo. The chifukwa cha GGI anali kufika Konstantina Mitskevicha mu seminare Nesvizh mphunzitsi. Zinali chaka cha 1898, ndi pamaso pa wolemba kuyembekezera tsogolo labwino la zilandiridwenso wolemera.

chikoka kiyi

zaka Student - ichi ndi chinthu chofunikira, amene ayenera muli yonena za Yakub Kolas. A ziyenera mwachidule nthawi limapereka mwayi kumvetsa kuti kulenga chigawo cha Constantine zinakhudza ndi mphunzitsi wake wa mabuku Fedot Kudrinsky. Zinali iye amene anauzira Yakobo kuyamba kusonkhanitsa ndi kulemba nthano komanso zipangizo mu chimango cha nkhani monga ethnography. Kenako, zolemba izi adzakhala maziko "Rostagno pa" buku loyamba ndi wolemba mbiri.

Koma dzina, ndiye zosangalatsa anakopeka ndi ntchito chilakolako Constantine Yakubovich-Melshin.

Pambuyo mu 1902 seminare itatha, Jakub wapeza ntchito monga mphunzitsi mu Polesie, zimene zinaphatikizapo m'mudzi Pinkovichi ndi Lusine. Panthawi imeneyi, Constantine akuwonetseredwa chosintha mphanvu kuti kunaonekera ake mu convocation a msonkhano oletsedwa mphunzitsi. Zinali 1906, ndi Jakub ankati zimakhudza kupasula ulamuliro wa tsarist. Koma khama la apolisi sizinayende ndi mphunzitsi wodziwa ntchito inawathera.

Lomenyera ntchito

Wambiri ya Yakub Kolas mu Russian ndi zikuphatikizapo siteji mu moyo wa wolemba Chibelarusi, monga ntchito mu nyuzipepala "gawo athu" (1906). Zinali apa kuti poyamba yokhala lofalitsidwa ndakatulo wake "Chathu Native Land."

Koma Constantine anali kupita kundende chifukwa maganizo ake chosintha. Izi zinali nthawi kuchokera 1908 mpaka 1911. Komabe, nsinga sizinamulepheretse kulemba buku lake loyamba "Nyimbo mlanduwo." Pa nthawi yomweyo, kutengera malingaliro ntchito inanso yapadera.

Pamene m'ndende tsiku ndi tsiku anali kumbuyo Jakub mothandizidwa ndi abwenzi kum'gwira kalata otsimikizira kuti kudalirika ndale, kenako anayamba kugwira ntchito monga mphunzitsi m'tauni ya Pinsk. Mu sukulu kumene anaphunzitsa Jakub anakumana chikondi chake choona - mphunzitsi Maria Kamensky. Mu June 1913 Konstantin Mitskevich anakhala ndi banja lake.

Iwo anali mu Pinsk, wolemba pakubwera mapangidwe chomaliza cha nkhope ya ntchito yake chidwi za anthu odziwika bwino pa nthawi ya otsutsa Chibelarusi ndi Russian. olemba ena komanso ndi chidwi ndi ntchito za Yakobo.

Nkhondo ndi kupitiriza

1915 zinali zodzaza ndi chiyambi cha nkhondo lachifumu, kotero kuti Constantine ankamenya. Mpaka 1917, wolemba anakwanitsa kufika udindo wa mkulu, kumenyana mu Romania kutsogolo, koma asapatsire anali demobilized mu September.

Pambuyo pake, mpaka 1921, Yakub Kolas anatumikira monga Woyang'anira sukulu ku midzi ya dera Kursk ndi mzinda wa Oboyan (kunena za Russia).

Mfundo zotsatirazi, muli nkhani yonena za Yakub Kolas - mavuto Minsk kwambiri njira imene boma. Mu likulu la Byelorussian SSR Constantine amakhala membala wa ntchito pa Institute of Chibelarusi Culture. Likufanana ndi ichi, wakhala akuphunzitsa chinenero mu Chibelarusi State University.

Pa nthawi ya Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo, wolemba anali anasamutsidwa, ndi kukhala kwathu Minsk anatha kubwerera yekha mu 1944. Asanachoke pa dziko lino August 13, 1956, Yakub Kolas anakwanitsa kukhala kazembe wa m'Bungwe Writers 'Union ndi kulemekezedwa Scientist.

Nayi mbiri ya Yakub Kolas, mwachidule zomwe ngakhale popanda kumizidwa mu mfundo za anasamutsidwa chifukwa chakuti iye anali mwamuna wamphamvu kulenga, kukhudzanso pa anthu awo.