Vernadsky State Geological Museum: History. Museum wa nthaka iwo. Vernadsky: adiresi, zithunzi

State Geological Museum. Vernadsky - ndi chimodzi mwa malo yaikulu komanso wamkulu kafukufuku nawo maphunziro a mchere mu dziko lathu ndi dziko.

prehistory

chilengedwe chake wa Geological Museum wa iwo. Vernadsky womangidwa M. V. Lomonosovu. Izo zinali izi wasayansi Russian mu nthawi ya maphunziro awo ku Germany, anazindikira kufunika kulumikizanitsa "buku" chiphunzitso cha sayansi kuti yeniyeni. Patapita zaka, pa chongoganiza unakhazikitsidwa ndi University ya Moscow, ndipo mu 1755-mamita odziwika obereketsa Demidovs banja anapereka izi bungwe "mchere Henkel ofesi." Iwo Anagula m'tauni Achisaxon wa Freiberg ndi kuwapititsa ku Siberia. Kumeneko, mkulu wa Akinfiya Nikiticha Demidova anakhala kubwezeretsanso mchere omwe ncho m'migodi ake. Pambuyo pa imfa ya ana bambo ake anaganiza kunyamula zosonkhanitsira wapatali tsopano imakhala kale a zakale 600 osowa likulu ndi m'manja Kuŵerenga Shuvalov kubwezeretsanso zosonkhanitsira yunivesite.

chilengedwe owonetsera zakale

Mu 1759 zosonkhanitsira Demidov anali kuonetsa mu laibulale ya aliyense Apothecary nyumba, kumene iye unachitikira mpaka kulengedwa kwa University Museum of History Natural. Patatha zaka 40, yemwenso ndi wa Demidovs mtundu - Paul G. - anapitiriza mwambo wa agogo ake, bambo ndi amalume, nsembe kuphunzira maphunziro bungwe la mbiri zachilengedwe, laibulale yaikulu ndi "sohranny likulu" 100 000 rubles, chidwi omwe anayenera kupita ku malo .

Kuyambira 1804 mpaka 1812

Mu 1804, pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa Demidov Mpando wa Natural History Museum wa Tsogolo Geological iwo. Vernadsky anagwidwa mu nyumbayi pa Moss, amene adatenga mamita lalikulu 220. mamita mu holo, ndi 1805 iye anasamutsidwa kupita kumanzere kwa mezzanine ndi kupereka malawi kwa zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho 6 zipinda. Pa Moscow moto mu 1812. Nyumba owonetsera zakale yapsya, pamodzi ndi yunivesite. Ndipo ngakhale toyesa chidali cha asayansi akwanitsa kutenga kwambiri m'chigawo anatayika.

kubadwanso

Pambuyo athamangitsidwe wa French anayamba kubwezeretsa gulu pogula zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho latsopano, komanso zopereka.

Makamaka mu 1813 tsopano Nikolay Nikitich Demidov anapereka Museum zosonkhanitsira latsopano mchere ndi miyezi ingapo anasamukira ku nyumba pa Nikitskaya.

ntchito sayansi

Mu 1880 anaikidwa kukhala Mtetezi wa nduna za miyala ya kwambiri Russian miyala ndi nthaka ndi paleontologist A. P. Pavlova, ndi zaka 12 pambuyo pake, positi anatengedwa ndi V. I. Vernadsky. Zikomo kuti khama lawo, m'nyumbayi wakhala odziwika bwino pakati kafukufuku, pamene iwo anayamba kutenga njira yake yoyamba adakali wophunzira, ndipo kenako otchuka asayansi A. Fersman, KA Nenadkevich, A. Samoilov , ndi ena.

ndizi

Mu 1910, Pavlov ndi Vladimir Vernadsky anapempha boma kuti tiyambe kumanga nyumba yatsopano kwa nyumbayi. lingaliro ili, malingana ndi iwo, anali kukhala mphatso zabwino tsiku la Lomonosov.

Initiative ofufuza anapeza ayankhe, ndipo mu 1914 kuchuluka chofunika wakhala allocated kwa chuma cha boma. Posachedwa polojekiti RI Klein Moss anayamba kumanga nyumbayi watsopano, umene ndi nyumba zazikulu, zimene m'nyumba ya Museum wa nthaka iwo. Vernadsky. Nkhondo chifukwa kuti asamuke ku nyumba yatsopano anatenga malo okha mu 1918. Komabe, chifukwa cha kupanda ungwiro owonetsera zakale anatsegula kwa anthu kokha mu 1924.

M'munsi Geological Institute

Njira ya mafakitale, amene anatengedwa ndi boma wamng'ono Soviet, wachita kukakamizidwa kusamala kwambiri kuti maphunziro kwa chiwerengero cha ntchito, kuphatikizapo zinthu zokhudza migodi. Motero, mu 1930 ku Moscow Geological zinthu zimene Institute anakhazikitsa maziko a nyumbayi, ndi Moscow Migodi Academy, University Anthu ndi Maphunziro Apamwamba Akazi.

Nthawi zamakono

A siteji yatsopano inayamba mu 1988, pamene ganizo la boma Soviet unakhazikitsidwa boma Geological Museum. Vernadsky. zaka 5 Patapita alendowo anali kuona chionetsero latsopano "Chronicle mu Stone", ngakhale kuti papita zaka 3 wayamba liziyenda holo ya zisudzo kanthawi zipangizo video, yomwe imachitika ntchito yaikulu pa popularization wa sayansi.

Museum wa nthaka iwo. Vernadsky: malongosoledwe a m'chigawo

M'zipinda za mabungwe sayansi ndi maphunziro anakoloweka zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho 300 zikwi. Pankhaniyi, ndalama zonse kudzadza ndi anapezazo kuti asayansi naye ku maulendo, ndi mphatso yotentha ndi opindula amene kupitiriza mwambo wa Demidov. chidwi chachikulu pakati pa alendo ndi chipinda choyamba wotchedwa "Geological Kunstkammer". Ndi kuyamika chopereka cha rarities Museum Geological iwo. Vernadsky amakopeka ophunzira ambiri a iwo pambuyo maulendo amenewa chidwi mineralogy kuyambika. Mu "Kunstkammer" anasonyeza mchere wokongola kwambiri, ena kuposa zapamwamba mawonekedwe, mtundu ndi kapangidwe.

Kuyambira pamenepo, alendo kusamukira ku chipinda lotsatira, kumene iwo angakhoze amayamikira ntchito yapadera carvers kuti anagunda kukongola ndi kupanga amasirira luso la Mlengi wawo.

Amaonetsa akhoza kuona zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho mtengo wapatali yochokera kwa yosonkhanitsa Chiwerengero Stroganov, Prince Gagarin, Rumyantsev ndi ena ambiri. Kuti tichite zimenezi, iwo basi ayenera kulemba adiresi ya Geological Vernadsky Museum (up. Moss, 11, p. 11) ndi kupita kumeneko mlungu wotsatira.

Ena zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho wapadera

Ulendowu kwa Geological Museum. Vernadsky, zithunzi za amene ali pamwambawo, limakupatsani kuwona zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho wapadera. Pakati pawo:

• zosonkhanitsira zenera anapangidwa kuchokera mafuta moto Tengiz;
• unayambira mtengo thunthu ku US boma la Arkansas zaka miliyoni 220;
• ametusito geode kukula kwa 1 0,7 m, kunja kwa Brazil;
• lithologic malasha Kutolere Taman;
• charroit yaikulu asanu m'munsili mchere kawirikawiri kwambiri ndi anthu ena.

Tsopano inu mukudziwa zomwe inu mukhoza kuona mwa kuchezera Geological Museum. Vernadsky (adiresi kuona. Pamwamba), ndipo kuti mukufuna kukhala kuwona chuma cha mkati lapansi.