Vermeer kupenta "The Milkmaid". History, malongosoledwe

Izi kupenta yaing'ono lero ali udindo wa mwaluso mtheradi tanthauzo lonse, mofanana ndi ntchito za Raphael ndi Leonardo, Rembrandt ndi Velazquez. Mlembi wake imatengedwa waluso izo kwakukulukulu kudziwa mtengo wa Golden Age wa kupenta Dutch za m'ma XVII. Monga zimachitikira zochitika luso motere, Vermeer kupenta "The Milkmaid" kwa zaka zoposa zitatu linakhalapo, ali anapitiriza kuthekera wapadera atsopano zotengera malingaliridwe maganizo kwa aliyense amene anaona zimenezo kwa nthawi yoyamba, ndi malo kumasulira atsopano a mibadwo latsopano ofufuza.

mwambi Vermeer

mfiti Izi tsopano akatswiri mu mzere ndi Rembrandt ndi Frans Hals - pamwamba pa Dutch Golden Age, ndipo kwa zaka ziwiri pambuyo pa imfa yake ankaona kuti mmisiri wamba, munthu aluso ambiri amene analemba zojambula zokongoletsera makoma a nyumba mu Netherlands. Chithunzicho, amene wakhala pang'ono kuposa zaka 40, amene analemba zojambula awiri chaka, ngakhale anzake pansi shopu anapatsidwa zojambula ochepa mwezi, sanali kusiya biographies aliyense bwino, palibe umboni umwini za chifanocho. mwina amaona kukhala chobisika kudziona chithunzi mokondwera njonda kumanzere kwa kupenta "pimps."

Sindikumvetsa chifukwa kuiwala dzina la Vermeer - pa moyo wake iye kutchuka, komabe asapitirire kwawo ku Delft. Zithunzi wake kulipira ndalama zambiri, makamaka pa Vermeer kupenta, "Thrush" anagulidwa ndi mtengo yaikulu 175 guilders. Amaganiza kuti chimodzi mwa zifukwa imfa yake oyambirira anali umphawi. Chinthu chokha chimene iye kunyozedwa makasitomala - akuchedwa. Monga mwalamulo anatsimikizira kuti analembedwa ndi zinthu 34, koma zojambula ochepa zimachitika Vermeer, ndipo aliyense wa iwo ankaona mwaluso za dziko, patsogolo pa nthawi yake pa mutu ndi okhutira, mawonekedwe ndi njira pa mndandanda wa njira luso.

Milkmaid kapena namwali?

Mosamala kwambiri ntchito pa aliyense gawo ting'onoting'ono zojambula wake ndi mopepuka kwa Kukhazikitsa olemba ake, chilengedwe nthawi, ndipo sanali nawo mayina ena. Akukwana mu njira ya zojambula wake. Iye anapempha omvetsera ndikuganiza kunja kwalembedwa pa maziko awo zinachitikira moyo ndi chitukuko, kutsiriza nkhani anayamba kuuza pa cipangizo.

M'Chingerezi, Vermeer kupenta "The Milkmaid" Kawirikawiri amatchedwa The Milkmaid -doyarka. Izi nthawi zina zinagwira mkangano waukulu pakati pa otsutsa amene mwakhulupirira Vermeer Dutch woimba wa moyo m'tawuni. Iwo amaona kuti kuli ufumu okhwima antchito zoweta, ndi mtsikana, anatsanulira mkaka kuchokera mtsuko wa - uyu ndiye buthulo, mwina wophika kuti Kulemba wapadera mkate pudding, amene ali pano pa cithunzithunzi mbali ya moyo mwaluso olembedwa.

Zikuoneka kuti mtsikana ntchito - nkhani zazing'ono, chofunika kwambiri kuposa kudziwa kuti chodabwitsa kudzilemekeza ndi maganizo ofunda izo, limene chithunzicho.

Zochitika ku khitchini

Vermeer kupenta "The Milkmaid" - izi ndi ochepa kukula chithunzi - 45h41 masentimita Ndi chodabwitsa mapulani ake ndi kukhazikitsa .. Patsogolo pathu ndi laconic zikuchokera lophweka, wopanda mfundo zosafunika kulola m'mbali kudzaza ndi kuwala zofewa mbali ndi mpweya. Wamfupi koma wojintcha, koma bwino chithunzi cha msungwana bwino ukuonekera pafupifupi wokonda moyo wodzimana khoma maziko. Mukhoza kuwona malire woyera umene umawalekanitsa mbali yaikulu ku maziko. Njira imeneyi ndi kudzaza danga zithunzi anali wotsogola mwamtheradi - amisiri nthawi adafunafuna kukapha wowerenga za kuchuluka machulukitsidwe ndi fano mwatsatanetsatane.

Mwina chilakolako chimenechi poyamba anali ndi Vermeer. X-ray anasonyeza kuti pakhoma kumbuyo inali ena chithunzi zovuta zambiri - mapu lawolawo. Koma mbuye anakana kwa izo, kuzipatsa kuganizira chithunzi cha protagonist, pa mawu a nkhope yake mosamala kunachokera zovala makutu nsalu za patebulo ndi mwanaalirenji akadali moyo ndawalemba.

Alipo maziko mwatsatanetsatane zokwanira kuti akatidzadza zili chithunzi cues zina mfundo zingapo wowoneka ake zochititsa chidwi kapangidwe dengu, filigree chokongoletsera matailosi pansi pa khoma, ndipo zikusonyeza ka mkuwa nyali pa khoma, yogwirizana ndi nsalu za patebulo yogwira mtundu ndi masiketi atsikana. Vermeer kupenta "The Milkmaid" - mwaluso za colorist kwambiri!

njira katswiri

Otsutsa anatsimikizira kuti pamene ntchito pa chithunzi Vermeer ntchito mdima lojambulira - wapadera kuwala chipangizo, kumathandiza kukwaniritsa digiri yapamwamba ya kudalirika popanga kaonedwe achidule mtundu ndi kuwala ankachita mbali zosiyanasiyana za intaneti. Vermeer zinakuchitikiranipo - cholowa chake - kwambiri wokongola, lodalirika ndi expressiveness "Veduta" - "Kuona Delft" ndi "Little Street", womwe wapangidwa anali sangathe popanda mdima lojambulira.

Umboni wa ntchito zipangizo kuwala, ofufuza anaona imfa ka sharpness mu Pachithunzipa, mu chifanizo cha mkate mu dengu, chimene chinali chodabwitsa khalidwe zipangizo zimenezi. Koma kugwiritsa ntchito, palibe ndikunyoza la mlingo wa luso akatswiri a chithunzicho. Kufotokozera za chithunzi Jan Vermeer "Thrush" mogwirizana njira kupenta, chimasonyeza msinkhu wake wapamwamba. Izi chimaoneka ndi osakaniza ufulu waukulu kudzikonda wandiweyani zikwapu kuti yesezera Nkhope ya mtsikana, chikhulupiriro akamaumba mawonekedwe pa m'makwinya a minofu ndi filigree mfundo zikwapu lili ndi kunja kukuzizira kuwala akadali moyo mkate. Ndi kapangidwe makoma ndi nsangalabwi shimmering lotayirira utoto n'zodabwitsa!

"The zotsatira za Mona Lisa"

Komabe, "Thrush" - Vermeer kupenta - ndi pamwamba wochenjera ndipo m'zigawozigawo ntchito zonse m'maganizo. Kumwetulira, zobisika mbuye malire machitidwe chochitika kuwala pa nkhope a mtsikanayo, anapatsa tcheru connoisseurs elusiveness wa kutanthauza, mofanana ndi amene zinadzala ndi mwaluso kwambiri ndi Leonardo. Kodi akuganiza kuti mtsikanayo, kuyang'ana pa kwapang'onopang'ono woonda mkaka? Iye anali atatopa? Maloto? Za chinachake anakumbukira?

Mwina tinganene mlembi kupenta "The Milkmaid" Jan Vermeer wa Delft. chinsinsi ichi, moyo kwa zaka zoposa zitatu, ndi moyo, pamene ndinu woona ndi moyo.