"Uphungu ndi Chilango": mwachidule cha epilogue. "Uphungu ndi Chilango": Kufunika kwa Epilogue

"Uphungu ndi Chilango" ndi ntchito yolembedwa ndi Dostoyevsky mu 1866. M'nkhaniyi, tilongosola mwachidule za epilogue. "Uphungu ndi Chilango" ndi buku limene mafunso ofunikira kwambiri amakhudzidwa. Mwachidziwikire amapezeka m'machaputala awiri ofunika a ntchitoyi. Ndicho chidziwitso cha buku la "Chiwawa ndi Chilango". Zolemba izi zinalembedwa ndi Dostoevsky m'njira zambiri za iye. Mudzakhala otsimikiza izi mwa kuwerenga kusanthula kwa epilogue yomwe ili m'nkhaniyi.

Nthawi ndi malo ogwira ntchito zimakhudza

Chiwombankhanga chikuchitika ku Siberia. Chimodzi mwa malo otsogolera a dziko lathu ndi kumphepete mwa mtsinje wokhotakhota. Mzinda uwu muli malo amphamvu, ndipo mmenemo pali ndende, momwe Rodion Raskolnikov, woweruza milandu, atakhala kale m'ndende kwa miyezi 9. Pafupifupi zaka 1.5 zapitazo chifukwa cha chigawenga cha msilikali uyu.

Chigamulo chinaperekedwa kwa protagonist

Timapitiriza kufotokozera mwachidule za epilogue "Uphungu ndi Chilango". Limatiuza mwachidule za zomwe zinachitika katorga Rodion. Raskolnikov sanabise kalikonse pa mlandu. Oweruza ndi wofufuza anadabwa ndi kuti sanagwiritse ntchito zinthuzo ndi thumba la ndalama, kuwabisa pansi pa mwalawo, ndipo sanadziwe kuti ndalama zilipo. Izi zinatipangitsa kuganiza kuti chigawenga cha Rodion chinachitidwa ndi "kupunduka kwa kanthaŵi kochepa". Mkhalidwe umenewu, komanso kuvomereza mwatsatanetsatane , mwinamwake kunachepetsa chigamulocho.

Mfundo zinanso zinaganiziridwa, zoyenera kwa wotsutsa. Anapitirizabe, pa maphunziro ake ku yunivesite, ndalama zomaliza za mzanga omwe anali ndi chifuwa chachikulu, ndipo atatha kufa, adayang'anira bambo wodwala. Raskolnikov anakonza munthu uyu kuchipatala ndikumuika iye atamwalira. Pamsayeso, Rodion, yemwe anali nyumba ya nyumba yake, ananena kuti nthawi ina anapulumutsa ana awiri aamuna pamoto pomwe akulandira. Zonsezi zinaganiziridwa ndi oweruza, chifukwa cha chigamulocho chigawenga chija chinkaweruzidwa kokha zaka 8 za ntchito yovuta.

Nchiyani chinachitikira Pulcheria Alexandrovna, Razumikhin ndi Dunya?

Aliyense anatsimikizira Pulcheria Alexandrovna kuti mwana wake wapita kunja. Komabe, iye anamva ndi moyo wake kuti chinthu china chowopsya chachitika kwa iye, ndipo iye amakhala kokha mwa kuyembekezera kalata yochokera kwa Raskolnikov. Mkhalidwe wake unali kukulirakulira tsiku lililonse, ndipo pasanapite nthawi mkazi uyu anamwalira. Razumikhin anakwatira Dunya. Zosimov ndi Porfiry Petrovich anali pakati pa alendo omwe anaitanidwa ku ukwati wawo wochepa. Razumihin adayambiranso maphunziro ake ku yunivesite, patapita masiku angapo adayandikira pafupi ndi Rodion, ku Siberia. Izi zinkathandizidwa ndi Dunya.

Sonya's Act

M'zinthu zambiri, epilogue ya "Crime and Punishment" imachokera pa fanizo la mtsikana uyu. N'zovuta kulingalira za Dostoevsky popanda kulemba.

Sonya, ndi ndalama za Svidrigailov zomwe anamusiyira asanamwalire, anapita ku Siberia ndipo nthawi zonse ankalemba makalata kwa Razumikhin ndi Dunya. Kawirikawiri iye anapita ku Raskolnikov, yemwe analibe chidwi ndi chirichonse, iye anati, ndipo nthawizonse ankakhala wamantha, anali osalankhulana ndi okhumudwa. Anamvetsa bwino udindo wake, sadali kuyembekezera zabwino m'tsogolomu, sanayamikire ziyembekezo zirizonse ndipo sanadabwe ndi chirichonse chimene iye anachiwona pozungulira. Iye sanachite ntchito, koma sanapemphe, analibe chidwi ndi chakudya, ankakhala m'chipinda chimodzi.

Monga Sonia analembera, Raskolnikov sankafuna kuti ayambe kuyendera, koma patapita kanthawi anadzimva kuti akufunikira iwo ndipo nthawi zina ankawaphonya pamene sakanakhoza kubwera kwa iye. Msungwanayo adadziwitsa yekha kuti adadziwana ndi anthu otchuka panthawiyi, adamuthandiza kukhala wodula, ndipo adakwanitsa kupambana bwino mu bizinesi ili, popeza panalibe wogulitsa mumzinda. Komabe, Sonya sanatchule mndandanda kuti, mothandizidwa ndi mabwenzi ake, akuluakulu a boma anayamba kuchitira Rodion bwino, akutsogolera ntchito yake. Mtsikanayo analembera kalata yake yotsiriza kuti Raskolnikov anali kudwala kwambiri ndipo anaikidwa m'chipatala.

Moyo wa Raskolnikov m'ndende

Mnyamata uyu ankakhala mu ndende, popanda kuzindikira zambiri. Patapita nthawi, anayamba kudabwa, mwachitsanzo, kuphompho komwe kunali pakati pake ndi anthu onse omwe anali pano. Akapolowo anayesetsa kupewa Rodion, sanamufune, ndipo patapita kanthawi anayamba kudana ndi zomwe Dostoevsky akunena pamapeto pake. Izi zikhoza kuwonetsedwa ngati mutsegula epilogue ("Chigamulo ndi Chilango").

Mwana wa Raskolnikov

Raskolnikov panthawi ya matenda anali nthawi yaitali wopatsa. Wopambana uyu nthawi zonse ankaganiza kuti chifukwa cha matenda omwe sichinachitikekopo dziko liyenera kuwonongeka, ndipo olemekezeka okha ndi omwe angapulumuke. Anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka, amapita misala, choonadi chenicheni chimaganizira lingaliro la wina aliyense, kukhudzidwa kulikonse. Palibe yemwe ankadziwa chomwe chinali chabwino kapena choipa, aliyense ankakhulupirira kuti choonadi chinali mwa iye yekha.

Tikupitiriza kufotokozera ntchito "Uphungu ndi Chilango" (mwachidule cha epilogue). Maloto a Raskolnikov mumapangidwe ake ndi ofunikira, chifukwa amaimira kusintha kwa protagonist. Tidzakambirana izi mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhaniyi. Sonia, pa matenda a Rodion, anali pa ntchito pansi pa mawindo ake, ndipo mwangozi anawona mtsikana uyu. Sonya sanabwere masiku awiri pambuyo pake. Rodion, wobwerera kundende, adapeza kuti mtsikanayo adadwala, choncho adagona kunyumba. Sonya, atadziwa kuti adali ndi nkhawa za Raskolnikov, adamtumizira kalata, pomwe analemba kuti adali atachira kale ndipo posachedwa adzabwera kudzamuona.

Kufotokozera ndi Sonya

Tsiku lotsatira Rodion ankagwira ntchito pa mtsinje pa moto wowotcha, mtsikanayo anabwera kwa iye ndipo anatambasula dzanja lake mwamantha. Panthawiyi Raskolnikov, yemwe nthawi zambiri ankamunyengerera, Sonya nayenso anakumana ndi nkhawa, nthawi zina ankapitirizabe kuyenda pang'onopang'ono panthawiyi, anatenga dzanja la msungwanayo ndipo sanamusiye, ndipo kenako anagwada pamapazi ake, akukumbatira mawondo ake ndi kulira. Okonda anasankha kupirira ndikudikirira. Zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri zatsala.

Chiyambi cha moyo watsopano

Usiku womwewo, Rodion anatenga Uthenga, umene unali pansi pa mtsamiro, ndipo unatsegula iwo. Bukhu ili linali la Sonia, ndi limene mtsikanayo adawerenga Raskolnikov za kuukitsidwa kwa Lazaro. Rodion ankaganiza kumayambiriro kwa ntchito yolimbika kuti amamuzunza ndi chipembedzo, angapangitse mabuku ndi kulankhula za chikhulupiriro.

Komabe, sanachite izi, sanapereke ngakhale Uthenga Wabwino. Pasanapite nthawi yodwala iye mwiniwakeyo anamufunsa iye, koma sanaulule mpaka pano. Komabe, tsopano khalidwe lalikulu lidayankha kuchita izo.

Msungwanayo nayenso anali atagwedezeka lero lino, ndipo usiku iye anadwala kachiwiri. Koma adakondwera kwambiri kuti adawopa mantha ake mwadzidzidzi. Zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri zokha!

Izi zimamaliza ntchito ya Dostoevsky. Choncho, chidule cha epilogue "Chiwawa ndi Chilango" chimatha. Tsogolo la Sonya ndi Rodion, silinena, koma tingathe kunena kuti akudikira moyo watsopano.

Mapangidwe a bukuli, udindo wa epilogue

Chigawo cha magawo asanu ndi chimodzi ndi buku la Dostoevsky lotchedwa "Uphuphu ndi Chilango." Chidule cha epilogue chinaperekedwa kwa inu. Epilogue, monga momwe akudziwira, ndi gawo lomalizira la ntchito, lomwe limayambitsa owerenga ku tsogolo la ankhondo. Chigawo ichi cha bukuli ndi chimodzi mwa ntchito zamphamvu kwambiri. Zikuwoneka kuti kumapeto kwake kwatha, zochitika zazikulu zakhala zikuchitika (chilango chaperekedwa, kuvomereza kumapangidwa, chilango chimaperekedwa), koma pokhapokha bukuli likufika pachimake chowona, chauzimu.

Makhalidwe a epilogue

Chidule cha epilogue "Chigamulo ndi Chilango" mwa mitu ikumasanduka magawo awiri. Zili ndi mitu iwiri, yochepa. Ngati choyamba ndi chachizoloŵezi, kuunikira makamaka "moyo wakunja" wa anthu otchulidwawo, yachiwiri ndikupereka moyo wa mkati mwa Sonya ndi Rodion.

Gawoli (mwachidule cha epilogue "Chigamulo ndi Chilango" pamwambapa) chikuwonetsera gawo lofunika kwambiri, lomwe linapanga chitukuko chauzimu cha protagonist. Poyamba timaphunzira kuti, atavomereza zonse ku khothi ndipo atakhala nthawi yochuluka m'ndende, sanasinthe zolakwa zake, sanasinthe maganizo ake.

Chinthu chokha chomwe Rodion anadandaula nacho, kuti adakhumudwa, adakhumudwa mwa iye mwini chifukwa chosakhoza kupirira chilakolako chake ndipo anali wolakwa. Ponena za kutembenuka kwakukulu mu dziko lamunthu la msilikali timatiuza wolemba pokhapokha pamapeto a ntchito (zolemba za "Chiwawa ndi Chilango"). Ndipo mtengo wake sungakhale overestimated.

Kodi Raskolnikov anamva bwanji atachita chigawenga?

Monga momwe tikuonera, zochita zake zimangotengedwa kuchokera kumalo osiyana siyana, protagonist wa ntchito "Uphungu ndi Chilango". Chidule chachidule cha epilogue chikusonyeza momwe dziko lake la mkati lasinthira. Poyamba Raskolnikov amangoganizira zomwe anthu amaganiza kapena kunena za iye.

Rodion, kulingalira kuchokera ku malo otere, akudodometsedwa. Sangathe kumvetsa kuti chilango chake ndi choopsa kwambiri, ngati ena onse amavomereza chimodzimodzi, ndipo lamulo limangokhala chifukwa cha chilakolako cha munthu aliyense. Kuchokera apa, amatsimikiza kuti vuto lake liri chabe mufooka, chifukwa analephera kuthana ndi zowawa za makhalidwe.

Wopambana saganizira zenizeni za nkhaniyi, saganiza kuti kupha ndi chinthu choipa, chomwe chimasiyana ndi chikhalidwe cha umunthu. Ndi chifukwa cha ichi kuti mazunzo adayamba. Koma ngakhale nyamayi akadali patali kwambiri ndi izi.

Zovuta zauzimu mu ntchito yovuta

Raskolnikov mu katorga ndi kupambana kwauzimu, komwe kunayambitsa chiyambi cha moyo watsopano. Harbinger yake ndi matenda a protagonist. Masomphenya ovuta anadza kwa iye mu delirium. Moyo wa Rodion umamupangitsanso chidwi, amayesetsa kutsogolera njira yoona.

Udindo wa tulo ta Raskolnikov, zomwe adaziwona panthawi ya matenda ake

Mu maloto omwe Raskolnikov amawona, kudzera mu chodabwitsa chiwembu Dostoevsky amavumbulutsira yekha malingaliro okhudza kufalikira kosaopa Mulungu, nthano zofanana ndi zomwe Rodion anali nazo. Malotowa samasuliridwa mwachangu kuntchito (zolemba za "Chiwawa ndi Chilango").

Kuwonetsetsa kwa izo kumachitika motsatira. Zolinga monga za Raskolnikov zimapangitsa anthu kukhala achiwanda, amisala, kuwasokoneza. Koma, koposa zonsezi, izi sizikudziwika ndi omwe ali ndi kachilomboka, omwe amadziganizira okha kuti ndizosankhidwa. Mtundu wa anthu ukufalikira ndi malingaliro oterowo. Miyoyo yochepa chabe yomwe yasunga chiyero, imatha kupulumutsa anthu ku chiwonongeko.

Icho chinali maloto omwe anasintha chinachake mu malingaliro a Raskolnikov. Anamuthandiza kumvetsa zomwe Rodion anamva kwa nthawi yaitali. Pomalizira pake adadziwa kuti amakonda Sonya, kuti ndiwo kumuthandiza, kuthandizira ndi chipulumutso. Pamene khalidwe lalikulu limadzuka, iye sakudziwa kuti kusintha kwachitika mwa iye, koma amamva mumtima mwake zomwe akaidi ena sakondwera mwa iye: kuti akudwala ndi matenda omwewo. Dzina lake ndikunyoza anthu, kunyada, sakonda, kusakhulupirira!

Choonadi chakumapeto kwa bukuli

Pamene Rodion akuwona Sonya kachiwiri, moyo wake umadzutsa, ndipo maso ake adatseguka, anadzaza misozi. Kumva kupweteka kwambiri, koma tsopano akupereka kuwala, ndipo osati wodetsedwa, kumuponyera iye pa mapazi a Sonya mu zovuta. Izi zimatsuka mtima wopanduka wa protagonist.

Raskolnikov, atatsegula chikondi chake kwa munthu mmodzi, pang'onopang'ono anayamba kukonda aliyense. Sizowoneka kuti okhulupirira ena adasintha maganizo awo, zomwe Dostoyevsky akunena (zolemba za "Chiwawa ndi Chilango"). Kufufuza kwa malemba kukulolani kuti muweruze kuti ziri mu epilogue - kumapeto kwenikweni kwa bukuli! Uku ndiko kupambana kwa chikhulupiriro ndi chikondi. Raskolnikov potsiriza anatsegula Uthenga kwa nthawi yoyamba, kuposa momwe epilogue imatha.

"Uphungu ndi Chilango," kufotokozera komwe taphunzira, kopanda chiwonongeko ichi kungataya gawo lalikulu la malingaliro omwe Dostoevsky ankafuna kutisonyeza ife. Ndi mwa iye amene timamvetsetsa kuti moyo wa Raskolnikov umabwera nthawi yatsopano - mphindi yokonzanso. Ndipo ngakhale kuti wolembayo satiuza za tsogolo la Rodion, zikuwonekeratu kuti moyo uno udzakhala wosiyana kwambiri. Pakati pa mzere wa epilge pali zitsimikizo za moyo, zowunikira zomwe zimaonetsa kuti Raskolnikov akutsitsimutsa mwauzimu. Muyeso wathunthu, chikhulupiliro cha Dostoevsky ndi chakuti munthu aliyense ali ndi chiwonongeko cha Mulungu mumtima mwake.

Mu njira zambiri ntchito "Uphungu ndi Chilango" inalembedwa chifukwa cha izi. Dostoevsky amakhulupirira mwa iye kuti chitsitsimutso ndi chikhululukiro n'zotheka kwa munthu aliyense, ngakhale iye ali wolakwa woopsa. Cholinga cha buku la "Uphungu ndi Chilango", mwachidule zomwe mwawerenga, zimapatsa aliyense chiyembekezo chobadwanso mwatsopano. Ndikofunika kuti kulapa uku ndikutembenukira kwa anthu, kukonda, mtendere, kwa Mulungu. Ndi chifukwa cha izi zomwe zofunikirazo zinkafunika. "Uphuphu ndi Chilango," mwachidule, zomwe mwachidule sichisonyeza ukulu wa ntchitoyi, ndizolemba za chitsitsimutso cha uzimu, chomwe wolembayo sasiya kukhulupirira.