Unsembe wa mzere chingwe. Njira kuika chingwe

Intaneti magetsi kumafuna kuphedwa kwa zosiyanasiyana ntchito, chimene chiri chofunika cabling. Mu ntchito pa zomangamanga magetsi zosungidwazo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zosiyanasiyana njira ndi njira. antchito ayenera osati thupi unsembe mfundo nangula mizere, komanso kusankha masanjidwe mulingo woyenera ogwiritsa, umene kuonjezera moyo ntchito wa chinthu. Pakali pano, chingwe kuika kuzindikira m'njira zosiyanasiyana - kuchokera makonzedwe a ngalande mobisa kwa mizere chikukonzekera mu maofesi wapadera. Aliyense njira unsembe amafuna kugwilizana ndi mfundo ndi malamulo luso.

General sayansi ya unsembe wa mzere chingwe

Ogwiritsa ntchito zingwe za ulamuliro makamaka okha thupi kukhazikitsidwa ndi gulu machitidwe amene akugwira mzere udindo. Ndi wamba ndi assistive luso chochitika, Pakati kugwirizana ndi kuchotsa. Kuika mawaya zipangizo zamagetsi mwa mfundo chingwe, n'kukathera ndi clamps. Chinthu chachikulu mu gawo ili la ntchito - kukula bwino kuti agwirizane Kukhazikitsa ndi choyenera cha chingwe yokha. Quality ntchito msonkhano chimadaliranso molondola kwapangidwa ndi kukonzekera za nkhani yaikulu mankhwala chomwecho. Kudula ndi kukolola waya malekezero simungakhoze kuchita popanda zipangizo zapadera, kuphatikizapo strippers, odula waya, kopanira ndi zina zotero. D. Komanso, unsembe wa mzere chingwe zingaphatikizepo ntchito nyimbo zoteteza electrochemical. kusindikiza Izi zikhoza kukhala mankhwala kupereka zopinga kutchinjiriza. Kugwiritsa ntchito zomangira mu ndondomeko ya Kulumikizana amafunika kukhala osamala ndi kutsatira chingwe yeniyeni phiri luso.

Kuika a chingwe mu ngalande ndi

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa njira yofala cabling, lomwe ndi koyenera kugwiritsa ntchito malo inali ikadali yopanda tala, amenenso ankagwira chiopsezo osachepera kuwononga thupi mzere. Imayamba ndi mapangidwe ngalande akalowa, amene waya ndi kumizidwa. Kumalo mobisa chingwe ndi maziko olimba pansi ndi chiyani amaundana, luso liyenela asangalatsi kulenga khushoni mu mawonekedwe a mulu waung'ono. Kapangidwe zake ndi monga mchenga, miyala kapena macadam - pafupifupi ❖ kuyanika kutalika ndi 10 cm.

Okonzeka chingwe limalephera mu ngalande, kenako amakhala ndi windings wapadera. Ngati ndi kotheka, magawo munthu likugwirizana ndi madontho kuyembekezera phindu mudziwe mavavu wothandiza. Ngati zinthu kulola, ndi kugwirizana mawaya ndi zingwe kwa mobisa atagona zofunika patsogolo. N'chimodzimodzinso ntchito pa kudzipatula, ngakhale njira zoyendera Sizotheka pasadakhale amapanga maphunziro luso mzere chingwe. Ubwino wa njira imeneyi pazikhalanso osachepera ndalama chuma ndi kuthekera kwa ntchito kopindulitsa kwambiri ya chigawo waya. The kuipa kwa njira zamakono mobisa unsembe monga kusowa kupeza mzerewu: anayendera ndi matenda ndi kuchita ntchito yomanga ngalande.

Unrolling zingwe pansi

Zida chingwe kuika mu ngalande zikuphatikizapo angapo kugudubuzika. Kwenikweni, ntchito m'njira ina chofunika kwa umisiri ena unsembe, koma mu nkhani iyi kufupi ndi kukhazikitsa ndi kuwonetseredwa bwino kwambiri. Pali njira ziwiri za kugudubuzika. Mbali yoyamba, kuika mizere chingwe kuzindikira ndi transporter wapadera, amene analanda mapeto a waya, ndipo limayenda pamodzi ngalande kuiika pansi. Ogwira kukhazikitsa ntchito imeneyi chifukwa chikonzero ndi lolondola malo anagubuduza a mawaya pansi pa ngalande.

Njira ya chiwiri ya akusindikizidwa sagwiritsa ntchito kusuntha zida. Ng'oma, limene kale chilonda chingwe chili pa malo amodzi kotero kuti n'zotheka anakhalabe unwrapping waya. Chifukwa chomasuka ntchito yapadera odzigudubuza akugudubuka ndi tatifupi. Iwo kuliika pa mapeto a chingwe ndi bwalo ake ufulu gawo ndi phula ena, mtunda zimadalira kukula kwa waya. Ngati m'tsogolo zakonzedwa unsembe wa mizere chingwe mu mawonekedwe a mankhwala ndi zigawo zina, njirayi sangakhale abwino chifukwa cha chiopsezo chophukacho wa mzere mu malo ogwiritsa. Zikatero ndi bwino ntchito conveyor chomwecho.

Atagona chipika zomangamanga

Pansi chipika kapangidwe amatanthauza nyumba zosiyana. Chitsanzo chachikulu tingachipeze powerenga - ndi asbestobetonnaya chubu imene chingwe cha ikuchitika, awiri amene nthawi 1.5 zosakwana m'chimake ikuthandizira. Mtundu wina chipika ndi zisa gulu, amene anayambitsa mawaya mzere. njirayi ndi yabwino pamene mukufuna malo aang'ono kumanga madera angapo. midadada zimenezi si kupereka kutchinjiriza mosalekeza, ndi opatulidwa waya pa mfundo zina za gasket lapansi. mizere yodziyimira payokha chingwe phiri luso ali kudalirika mkulu, zimatheka ndi chitetezo polimbana kuwononga makina.

Komabe, kulimbikira mzere zimadalira mtundu wa dongosolo atetezeke. N'zoonekeratu kuti njira yodalirika adzakhala ntchito njira tubular, komanso mtengo kwambiri ndi zovuta kuzitsatira. Yemweyo kudzandira pansi chiwembu izi zitha kuchitika pamanja popanda conveyor lapansi. Komano, nthawi zina kugwiritsa ntchito ogwiritsa midadada ndi angasonyeze mzere chipangizo. Makamaka, wadera Kulumikizana zosungidwazo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa malo kudutsa ndi misewu ndi njanji. Komanso, palibe zina mtima mawaya si koyenera ngati munakonza unsembe mu nthaka ndi aukali mawu a zotsatira mipweya.

Chingwe yolozera pomanga njira

Zanenedwa kuti drawback waukulu atagona mzere mu ngalande pansipa pansi ndi kupanda mwachindunji mwayi chingwe popanda kuchita earthwork. Phatikizani ubwino kuika mu ngalande ndi luso yodziyimira payokha amalola unsembe mu dongosolo njira. Pansi chiwembu izi zipangizo dera kungakhale mizere chingwe yokonza popanda yomanga, komabe n'zotheka kulumikiza mzere kwa kukonza ndi njira yodziwira. Channel palokha ndi mtundu wa ritsa, makoma a amene anapanga ndi slabs simenti kapena njerwa. Iwo amalandira dongosolo chatsekedwa imene chingwe cha uli.

Dera ndi pansi, koma uli pafupi pamwamba kuposa zinachitikira ngalande kuika. Komanso, chiwembu awa anagwira ntchito mwachindunji zomera m'nyumba, kotero kumtunda kwa bokosi amatanthauza pamwamba pa madzi. Koma ngati unsembe akuyendera kunja malo mafakitale ndi asangalatsi amizidwa yomanga pansi. Koma zimenezi sizikutanthauza kuti mwayi mauthenga amafuna kugwiritsa ntchito zikuluzikulu dziko mu maonekedwe a yomanga. The unsembe lamkati la mizere chingwe mu njira amapangidwa ntchito mahang'ala wapadera ndi clamps. Mu zina, ikuchitika kuika miyambo pansi ndi gawo lapansi ndi.

Itagona mu sewers ndi ngalande

yomanga Ngalande nthawi m'gulu la zomangamanga ndi maofesi mafakitale. Izi ang'onoang'ono chipinda kulowera mtundu, imene kotunga mains. Kumbali ya kudalirika ndi durability wa chimake izi zikhoza kuonedwa ngati kuyika bwino. Ogwiritsa mawaya adatengedwa ndi couplings wapadera. Poyamba, ntchito mumphangayo yomanga amapereka mphamvu kwa cigawo mizere aya mu niches wapadera. Wokhometsa danga m'lingaliro utumiki kwambiri luso. Mbali yapadera ya zinthu izi amanena kuti n'zotheka kuika ambiri mawaya - zambiri mpaka 20. Aliyense mzere nawonso anapereka ndi kutchinjiriza windings, koma chitetezo oti muli nazo zida mu nkhani iyi si koyenera. Pakali pano, ntchito yomanga mizere chingwe tidzakwatulidwa analolera mu sewers ndi ngalandezi amene amapereka maheda ndi dongosolo mkuntho kuchimbudzi. Malinga Kulumikizana zinthu opaleshoni kungafune machitidwe mpweya ndi zida, kuphatikizapo kuika makope yokumba ndi masoka.

mwapadera ayenera linaperekedwa kwa njira ya akusindikizidwa chingwe mu ngalandeyo. Ntchito conveyors, komanso ng'oma chachikulu, mu nkhani iyi, zosatheka. Unwinding ikuchitika pamanja kapena mwa njira winch. Ngati chinali ndi chingwe wonenepa kapena mawaya angapo nthawi imodzi, ankaipembedza ndi dongosolo wodzigudubuza. The mwayi wakuti wa mtundu uwu wa kasamalidwe chingwe monga digiri yapamwamba ya mizere chitetezo ndi mwachindunji mwayi kwa kukonza. Komabe, zinthu zimenezi n'zochepa ndi mapadi anaika mbali ya luso ntchito zomangamanga ku maofesi mafakitale.

Atagona tambirimbiri ndi

Pankhaniyi tikulankhula za malo onshore, amene akhoza kuthetsa mwa zipangizo zamakono. Tambirimbiri otchedwa flyover, amene mtundu m'ngalande adutse pa malo ovuta kwambiri gasket lapansi. Ngati mpweya kugwirizana mizati anaika pa mlengalenga, ndiye zinachitikira tambirimbiri msonkhano chikuchitika mu nyumba chatsekedwa. Komabe, pali Mabaibulo osiyanasiyana pa nsanja ntchito. Nthawi zina, pofuna kupulumutsa okonza yomanga kukhala wopanda mpanda mbali. Komanso zinthu za mtundu umenewu mu ndime mphamvu mkati. Pali nyumba mu niches kumene ngakhale mayendedwe a akhoza kuchitika, ndipo palinso maofesi ndi mwayi yochepa chabe kuchita ntchito zomangamanga pa kukonza, diagnostics ndi kusamalira mzere yokha.

njirayi, ngakhale pempho lake, si ntchito nthawi chifukwa cha kukwera mtengo ndalama. Komabe, n'zotheka okha pankhani yolozera mkati kumalo a ntchito, njira mobisa amene kale ladzala ndi aya. Pankhani kutetezeredwa mizere, nyumba nthaka kupereka mlingo kofunika chitetezo. Pa zovuta zigawo njira akhoza ankaipembedza asbestobetonnye chubu kwa atagona chingwe, zomwe kuteteza madera ku zowononga makina ndi weathering.

chingwe kuyimitsidwa

Izi njira adzatenge kukwaniritsidwa kwa chiwembu chakale cha mizere pamwamba-wokwera. Njira imeneyi amakhala ndi chomasuka kuphedwa, kugula zachuma ndi zovuta unsembe ndi kukonzanso ntchito. Komabe, si onse aya chingwe mfundo kuchitidwa mwa njira iyi: woyamba wa zonse lokhudza milandu pamene muyenera kupanga dongosolo la mzere chingwe, lowonjezera ndi zigawo wandiweyani wa kutchinjiriza. Musaiwale kuti Kulumikizana kulumikizidwa ntchito m'malo panja ndi kukhudzana mwachindunji cheza ultraviolet, kutentha ndi otsika, mvula, etc ... Choncho, ena mitundu ya zingwe chofunika kuonetsetsa kudzipatula ogwira, zomwe kulemera mzere, kubweretsa bvuto pa unsembe.

Sitingathe kunena kuti mpweya Kulumikizana kwambiri outperforms unsembe mobisa, koma zinthu limene womwewo wa kunkhondo sizingatheke njira iyi ayenera kulingalira. Mwachindunji khazikitsa pa zogwiriziza ndi mizati mizere mkulu-voteji. Pa unsembe kutchinjiriza mawaya magetsi imagwiridwa mogwirizana ndi chizindikiro waya. Posankha kuteteza akatswiri wothandizila zimene zili monga kukana zazikulu, mphamvu chisanu kukana, luso kupirira osati deform kuti katundu chosakhalitsa ndi T. D. Komanso, nthawi yokonza mosinthanasinthana ena chimateteza m'chimake mwina amasinthidwa, monga Komabe, palokha chingwe.

Chifukwa kufunika Kutentha chingwe?

Monga mbali ya mizere kulankhula Nthawi zambiri akanema wa processing waya ndi zipangizo zomwe si wochititsa chachikulu, koma ndi ntchito maudindo zogona. Chotero likukhudza Kutentha waya. Ntchito yake ndi kuonetsetsa kutentha akadakwanitsira, amene ayenera opareshoni mphamvu aya. Choncho anazindikira chitetezo cha mizere chingwe kuzizira, komwe mawaya akusiya katundu wawo ntchito. Pa Kutentha dera akudyetsedwa ndi mlandu magetsi kuti chifukwa yapadera mkati aloyi pachimake ndi n'kukhala mphamvu ikukhudzana likamatenthetsa waya proximal.

Mwachindunji cabling a mawaya Kutentha n'zochepa. Childs, kutentha kuteteza ntchito imagwiridwa ndi kutchinjiriza zofunika. Nthawi zambiri Kutentha mizere ntchito monga enaake mu zida ndondomeko. Mwa njira imeneyi amalimata akasinja, mapaipi, mbali ya tiransifoma ndi zida mafakitale. Mbali yapadera ya amene ali ndi magetsi chingwe akhoza monga m'chimake zoteteza opangidwa ndi nsalu ndi polymeric. Komanso malingana kalasi ya opanga ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana kutetezedwa magetsi. Mwachitsanzo, olimba zotayidwa kapena mkuwa mauna waya angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'njira imeneyi. Koma chipolopolo chachikulu unapangidwa PVC, amene amateteza pachimake zisaonongeke makina. Kuwonjezera pa kuwapezera ntchito ya magetsi, anodized ochititsa angathenso monga njira wothandiza kuteteza dzimbiri electrochemical. Mtundu uwu wa chitetezo chofunika Chalk Zitsulo, amene ntchito zophatikiza ndi kumanga aya.

Pomaliza

ntchito Assembly mu ntchito ndi zingwe mphamvu yoyamba chitukuko cha polojekiti. Analemba luso dongosolo kulankhulana atagona ntchito amaganizira zifukwa zambiri kuti adzampatsa chifukwa kusankha njira makamaka unsembe. Mwachitsanzo, maulalo mpweya amachitika nthawi imene palibe kuthekera kwa chodalirika ziwembu pansi unsembe. Pansi njira yomweyo kulankhulana zifukwa okha m'njira zambiri, koma chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mwachindunji mwayi kwa mzere wa iwo, nthawi zambiri kukana. Ngati tikulankhula za gulu la maukonde pafupi mabizinezi mafakitale, m'pamenenso gawo la dera la angakhoze kuikidwa mu malo ndondomeko mumphangayo kapena wokhometsa. Kuwonjezera zinthu kunja ziyangoyango analembedwa ndi zofunika ntchito kwa chingwe kwambiri. Only ndi yoyesa wa zinthu kukwaniritsidwa kwa ntchito pa polojekitiyo akhoza kupereka yankho lolondola la funso za kusankha chiwembu mulingo woyenera unsembe wa mzere chingwe.