Leningrad NPP: nkhaniyo. Mphamvu Leningrad NPP

Mosadodometsedwa mphamvu kotunga midzi yonse - mmodzi wa zinthu zofunika kwambiri zakayendesedwe ka anthu. Pa nkhani imeneyi, gawo lonse la Chitaganya cha Russia mwadongosolo anamanga okwerera osiyana yotulutsa magetsi. Mmodzi wa awa ndi Leningrad NPP. Mbiri ya chilengedwe chake ndi chitukuko ayankhidwa m'nkhaniyi.

Ulendowu zakalekale

Ganizo kumanga amagetsi kunayamba m'ma 1960. April 15, 1966 ndipo anavomereza ndi chisankho, chimene zinzawozo kulenga ntchito pa maziko a moyo wake pa pepala kuyamba Leningrad NPP. Patapita miyezi isanu onse ofunikira zolembedwa anawakonzera.

Ndipo mu November, Bungwe la nduna anatengera kusankha kuyamba kumanga siteshoni woyamba, ndi kuzindikiridwa zonse kapangidwe ka zinthu ndi ntchito makampani lachitatu chipani kukhazikitsa dongosolo kuchita.

maziko ake

Ntchito yomanga siteshoni anayamba kukumba wa kudzenjewo. pansi chidebe woyamba adapachikidwa July 6, 1976. Choncho, Leningrad nyukiliya magetsi, munthu anganene, ndi chiyambi cha "moyo." Kuti akachite ntchito ya akatswiri mu kuwotcherera zinali zotani, Zitsulo erection, omanga ndi anthu ena ogwira ntchito zomangamanga.

Kuthamanga mayunitsi yoyamba ndi yachiwiri

December 23, 1973 wapadera boma ntchito wakhala akugwira kuvomerezedwa ndi mphamvu woyamba unit. Chifukwa cha Leningrad nyukiliya magetsi akhoza kuyamba ntchito zake zonse. Mu 1975 izo unayambitsidwa unit wachiwiri, ndi unsembe anayamba gawo lachiwiri la malo mafakitale. ntchito izi anayamba May 10, 1975. Kumangidwa kwa mphamvu zatsopano wakhala allocated nthawi kawiri zosakwana choyamba.

Pa kamangidwe cha zimenezi atsopano sayansi, kuchuluka ziwembu sbornost anatengedwa chifukwa zolakwa yapita anayambitsa, zomwe zinachititsa kuti pakhale mawonekedwe latsopano mayunitsi mphamvu za nyukiliya m'dera Leningrad. Linasintha zikuchokera machitidwe ndi nyumba.

Features wa yomanga atsopano

Ndiyamika mogwirizana ndi pakati pa mautumiki osiyana ndi mabungwe inaperekedwa luso la ntchito unsembe. Nsanja akukamba mapaipi latsopano, kuwotcherera omwe amafunika nthawi yochepa. Cranes komanso akukonza mkuntho. Mahema anasintha ndi kusodza-Teplyakov, umene unayambitsa zotheka pa siteji ya riyakitala msonkhano wokwera limodzi ndi zina ndi zina ziwalo wina amene kale kutumizidwa ku chochuluka, chifukwa amene anakhala mtengo kompyuta nthawi ndi kuchedwa ndondomeko lonse.

mphamvu lachitatu

Yambani kumanga masiku lamavutoli koyambirira mu February 1977. Dziwani kuti chimango kumanga wokwera nthawi mbiri ndipo linamalizidwa mofulumira kwambiri. liwiro yomanga anali matani 1560 pamwezi. chiwerengerochi imangokhala yaikulu, ngakhale mu nthawi yathu.

zotsatira zabwino anali anaona mbali yaikulu riyakitala machitidwe pawiri. Makamaka, njira zamakono ndi njira yomanga anali anamangidwa mu masiku 78 basi. Poyerekezera ndi pulley choyamba, zimakwana anali masiku 169, ndipo chachiwiri - 118.

Chifukwa, Leningrad NPP, lomwe limasonyeza zithunzi za m'nkhaniyi, anali chipika chachitatu kwa zaka ziwiri ndi theka mwamsanga.

mphamvu chachinayi

Poganizira, tiona kuti nthawi ya zomangamanga ake anali kochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi m'mbuyomu "abale."

Miyezi anakhala pa nyumba kaphatikizidwe wa riyakitala wagawo 4 pa malo msonkhano wapadera TH 1980. Pamene kukonzekera uyu anali yogwira zoyendera dera kupereka mankhwala analandira mwachindunji mu riyakitala kutsinde. Ife tinkakonda kutsegulaso pachithandara ndi Ufumuyo Kireni mitanda kuchuluka kwa zidutswa ziwiri. Katundu mphamvu ya aliyense wa iwo anali pafupifupi 300 matani.

Deadlines pamaso assemblers kudawerengedwa kwa miyezi isanu ndi itatu yokha. Zinali pang'ono kwambiri, chifukwa patsogolo ntchito zimenezi amatha mpaka miyezi 29.

Popanda kupita tsatanetsatane wa ntchito yonse Mwachitsanzo, wachinayi unit wa riyakitala wakhala anamanga pa miyezi isanu ndi theka. Izi zinathandiza kuti December 26, 1980 kupanga thupi chipika chiyambi, ndipo mu February 1981, aiika iyo katundu chofunika.

siteshoni luso zizindikiro

The munkalowa wa dera Leningrad NPP masamu mosavuta: aliyense wa zotuluka anayi mphamvu ya 1,000 MW mphamvu. Komanso, ife akulozera ndi ntchito yopanga pachaka mphamvu zamagetsi. Ndi wofanana kWh biliyoni 28. Mu yokonza thanzi yachibadwa anakhala 8 mpaka 8.5% ya magetsi ake.

siteshoni mwayi

Leningrad mphamvu za nyukiliya munda chimathandiza linanena bungwe la mains kuchuluka theka la mphamvu kuti chofunika kwa ntchito bwinobwino m'derali. Ngati tilankhula za kanjedza konkire, malo atomiki kumayambiriro kwa 2012 wapanga onse a mayunitsi mphamvu kupoletsa a dongosolo la biliyoni 846 kWh magetsi.

wamakono

Mu August 2007, ntchito inayambika chikusintha MSRs. Komanso n'kuikapo kuli nthambi ziwiri wapadera pa kumaliseche mzere wa mapampu kufalitsa oyenerera mu riyakitala shopu. Akamaliza ntchito izi October 1, 2007 wagawo anayamba ntchito zake zonse kachiwiri.

Unit lachitatu komanso akukonza ena kusintha luso mu 2007. Iye analipira mwatcheru kuzirala pangozi ya riyakitala anali m'malo njira zamakono, zomwe pamapeto pake anathandiza kutalikitsa moyo wa pamalowo kwa zaka makumi awiri.

zochitika

Mwamtheradi ngozi iliyonse pa Leningrad NPP - ndi woopsa kwambiri chifukwa angakhale ndi zotsatira sizingasinthe ndi ovulala mwa ndodo ndi anthu a m'deralo. Mwatsoka, zinthu zimenezi zinachitika, ndi kwa iwo M'pofunikanso kukumbukira payokha.

Mwachitsanzo, mu January 1974 panali detonation la haidrojeni mu mafuta-chofukizira. Kale mu mwezi umodzi wokha anayamba madziwa zinachititsa kuti loopsa kwambiri madzi nyundo, anawononga dera wapakatikati wa chipika choyamba. Chifukwa - atatu akufa, ndi kutayikira ya madzi kwambiri, zoipa kwambiri.

Patsiku lomaliza la November 1975, anakomoka (kapena kani, kusungunula) mafuta njira. ngozi Zimenezi zinachititsa kuti amasulidwe miliyoni ndi theka Ru (chisakanizo cha zinthu nyukiliya). Akatswiri ambiri ndipo lero imatengedwa wotsogolera wa ngozi ya Chernobyl tsoka.

March 1992 - wina mafuta njira manyazi, koma unit lachitatu. Pamaziko a zochitika nyukiliya wa padziko lonse pa zimene zinachitikazo akaweruzidwa mphambu wa 2.

Mu January 1996, chinapezeka ikudontha kuchokera kusungiramo anakhala mafuta nyukiliya nambala 428. Ndi pang'ono kuchotsedwa.

May 20, 2004 unit chachinayi inaima chifukwa amasulidwe nthunzi nyukiliya. Izi zinali zochitika mwadzidzidzi chifukwa mwangozi kukanikiza batani mwadzidzidzi mu chipinda cha opareshoni. Mwamwayi, palibe anthu watikhumudwitsa. Nthunzi mtambo ndi maola awiri anali kuyendayenda mu malangizo a m'mudzi Koporje.

December 18, 2015 pa 14.00 mpaka kuswa umphumphu wa unit chitoliro deaerator mu chopangira mphamvu shopu. nthunzi The atagonjetsa mu malo luso. Ogwira ntchito ena yatumizidwa kunyumba. riyakitala The anaimitsidwa ndi unit chachiwiri. Palibe wavulala ndipo panalibe kuwonongeka. Komabe, ngati akatswiri Dziwani mmene amapulumutsidwa chifukwa chakuti mphepo tsiku limenelo inali kuwomba motsogozedwa ndi Gulf wa Finland.

ndi chidwi

Leningrad NPP, adiresi ya umene tingaupeze magwero osiyanasiyana zambiri popanda vuto lililonse pali: Russia, Leningrad dera, Sosnovy Bor. Pambuyo kutumidwa wa Unit 4 mu 1981, katundu uyu akuchita malo wachitatu mu mphamvu, kwangochepetsako pang'ono chabe kuseri kwa Bugey zomera France ndi Japanese Fukushima-1.

Leningrad NPP, Sosnovy Bor ndi kunyumba kwa malo, akunena za Open olowa Stock Company "Russian nkhawa kwa kupanga magetsi ndi mphamvu matenthedwe zomera mphamvu za nyukiliya" Rosenergoatom kuyambira 2002 ". Lembani makina amene anaika pa siteshoni - madzi graphite njira pa neutrons matenthedwe.