Umunthu - mfundo ndi osiyanasiyana mfundo

Mu sayansi amakono ambiri anakhala ambiri, mawu akuti "personalization." Liwu limeneli lili ndi mizu Latin ndi losavuta achidule ndi zomveka kutanthauzira. Komabe, ukulu ndi yotakata ndithu ndi chimakwirira osati zilankhulo okha, komanso nzeru, maganizo, Chaanthu ndi ngakhale nthano.

lingaliro ambiri

Tiyeni tiyambe kuyambira pachiyambi. Umunthu - ndi anawagwiritsa ntchito pofotokoza za katundu wa zinthu za chikumbumtima kukakambirana makhalidwe uninspired kuti mwina wapadera kwa anthu. Mu mawu ena, anthropopathism imene zochitika zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe, nyama, zomera ndi ngakhale maiko chabe a m'nkhaniyi akuimira mu mawonekedwe a anthu ouziridwa eni nzeru, maganizo ndi makhalidwe maganizo amene yeniyeni anthu. Choncho, nthawi zambiri, nkhani yosonyeza - lingaliro kuti nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu nthano ndi nthano, mu zopeka ndi yopeka mafilimu.

The etymology mawu

Tisanafotokoze kuyang'ana pa ntchito mawu amenewa nthambi zosiyanasiyana za sayansi ndi luso, tiyeni tione chikhalidwe cha chiyambi chake. Umunthu - mawu ndi mizu Latin. Mu malo oyamba khalidwe - "munthu" kapena "munthu", pamene lachiwiri - facere, amene anamasuliridwa kuti "kuchita chinthu" kapena "Makonda". Pamodzi, mawu awa awiri kupanga akuti amene walandira yeniyeni kufotokoza sayansi masiku a ufumu wa Roma. Iwo anamutcha zochitika zonse, zifanizo za milungu ndi Titans, komanso nyama zonse zamatsenga zimene mukudziwa momwe angayankhulire, amaganiza ndi chisoni. otchulidwa nawo mu nthano ya Greece ndi Rome, komanso nkhani zimene anapulumuka, mwatsoka, lero.

Umunthu: zitsanzo mabuku

Tapeza kuti mu nthano za akale phwando chinafala kwambiri. Patapita nthawi, iye mwamphamvu mizu mabuku dziko, ndipo anayamba ntchito European, Eastern ndi Russian olemba ndi ndakatulo. Mwachitsanzo, taganizirani nyimbo wowerengeka:

A ndi tsoka, tsoka, gorevdn'ice!
A anabadwa ndi phiri valani
Mochalov izoputany miyendo.

Mu M'badwo Silver wa wolemba ndakatulo Alexander Blok ife komanso kupeza njira imeneyi:

Pakuti kugona chipinda chogona cha

mlezi wake - chete ...

Mu prose mabuku kudziwika olemba kulandira personalization akukumana pa khwerero liri. Kuyambira maphwando a Andersen wa nkhani, pamene nsomba "nkhani" ndi mermaids, ndipo asilikali malata amatha chisoni, mathero ntchito zimathandizadi ndithu limakhulupirira Gorky, amene "anaseka nyanja" ndi Mikhail Lermontov, amene anatiuza kuti kumva "Tuchkov wa kumwamba."

Umunthu mu zamaganizo

Dera limene akuti chimenechi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito - ndi kuwerenga maganizo. tanthauzo lake apa Komabe, yosiyana, koma mfundo akanali yemweyo. Kotero, apa amatchedwa munthu mafano ndi zithunzi m'maganizo a munthu, chimene iye anakhala atabadwa. Chifukwa iwo amaona dziko lapansi mwa prism munthu awo amaona mu njira ina kapena kuti chodabwitsa. Kwa nthawi yoyamba mawu amenewa zamaganizo anayambitsa katswiri Harry Sullivan, amene adakhulupirira kuti umunthu akufotokozera osati khanda ndi zaka zoyambirira ndi moyo wake.

mitundu itatu personalization adzadziwire

Sullivan nawo pa mapangidwe makhalidwe a mu magawo atatu: mayi, "Ine" ndi fano. Mu gawo loyamba la khanda anakumana makamaka ndi mayi ake komanso maganizo ake pang'onopang'ono anapanga zithunzi awiri - "mai oipa" ndi "mayi zabwino." Chithunzi choyamba kumayambitsa chakuti namwino sangathe kubweretsa ubwino amalakalaka mwana Mwachitsanzo, nadzam'ninkha pacifier. Chithunzi chachiwiri ndi amodzi chifukwa chisamaliro nthawi zonse ndi chisamaliro. Mwana akukula ndipo akuyamba kumanga kulankhula wawo woyamba ndi anthu, kudzizindikiritsa yekha mwa iye. Kotero iye anapanga chikumbumtima chake "Ine". Kenako anapanga wamkulu walowa siteji ya personalization fano. Nthawi zambiri izi ndi kutilimbikitsa anthu padziko makhalidwe Iye kuti si mwachibadwa. M'mawu ena, ndi kudzinyenga nokha, limene ambiri a m'nthawi yathu moyo.

Sociology

Mderali nthawi yaitali ndipo kwambiri ankagwiritsa ntchito zokwanira kukhala munthu wa mfundo kufotokoza ya mphindi. Mwachitsanzo, zochita za anthu kapena magulu ena anaganiza kuphatikiza mu chinachake wamba amene akanakhoza kufotokoza zimene zikuchitika. Zitsanzo za mwini sociological anakhala boma m'mayiko osiyanasiyana, maganizo andale (kumanzere, kulondola, centric), pa zifukwa zosiyanasiyana mfundo ndi zina zambiri. Monga ulamuliro, mtsogoleri wolemekezeka aliyense kachitidwe - munthu kapena gulu - gulu la anthu. Iwo ali onse udindo zomwe zimachitika mabodza. M'mawu ena, iwo ali mwini wake wa zochitika onse amene anatuluka chifukwa cha zochita kumene ndalama lalikulu la anthu. Mu nkhani ya zochitika kulephera kutenga ulamuliro wa pamwamba zambiri kugonja kwa chizunzo.