Triatominae: kufotokoza, gulu ndi chidwi mfundo

Triatominae, kapena, ngati iwo amatchedwa, kapena kupsompsona - ingathebe zatsopano anthu. Za iye panobe pang'ono odziwika, koma zilombo izi ndi ngozi yaikulu kwambiri thanzi. Chaka chilichonse, chifukwa cha iwo anafa pamaso pa anthu 45 zikwi!

Choopsa kwambiri n'chakuti, ngakhale zosiyanasiyana za lonse la mapepala kafukufuku ndi magazini uthenga ndiponso pa Intaneti, pa triatominae nalo lingaliro koma ochepa kwambiri. Ndipo, nthawi zambiri, ndi ziwerengero pamwamba pa 45.000 amafa chaka kuonekeratu saganizira, chifukwa chakuti ambiri matenda ndi n'komwe kuti ali ndi matenda oopsa.

Kufotokozera ndi gulu

Science amadziwa mitundu 130 osiyana tizilombo izi, ndi zochuluka za iwo ali ndi matenda oopsa Chagas. Kumpsyompsyonana cholakwika wa kuti Coleoptera, banja reduviidae. ndodo-monga ake elongated thupi la mtundu wakuda kungakhale kwa 3 cm m'litali. Mutu ali phirilo zooneka maonekedwe, ndi kukhalapo kwa mapiko tizilombo amalola mosavuta kuthana ndi mavuto. Poyerekeza ndi ochiritsira kunyumba vuto la nsikidzi, miyendo yake ndi mouthparts yaitali, koma kumwa magazi nthawi zina zochepa.

Triatominae a ku America South, koma masiku ano iwo kufika mofulumira kumpoto. Moyo makamaka m'madera amene amapeza ndalama zochepa, anthu, nestles mu bango kwake ndi nyumba za zidina. Research asayansi Vermont anasonyeza kuti kufala kwa nsikidzi wakupha kumpoto kwa Africa ali wolakwa osati kusamuka komanso kusintha kwanyengo.

Vuto amanyamula triatominae

Trypanosome Cruz - ndi majeremusi osauka m'matumbo tizilombo izi. Chifukwa iwo kale ndi dzina lakuti - triatomine. Ndi izi majeremusi amene amakhala m'mimba mwa nsikidzi, ndipo pali zonyamulira za matenda Chagas (Chagas). Kuluma munthu molunjika mu bala, kapena pafupi pamalopo ndipo kenako defecates triatominae kumene majeremusi kulowa m'magazi ndi kuyamba kubereka mu thupi la munthu. Chifukwa cha kwambiri kuluma vuto la nsikidzi infestation sizingatheke. Kumachitika kwa ndowe.

Cholakwika kusaka kumayamba Kukada, iye amakwawa anabisala malo ake ndi sneaks kwa mtulo. Ikuluma makamaka kuzungulira pakamwa ndi m'maso, momwe khungu ndi lotentha kwambiri. take anthu samadziwa kuti nsikidzi a nsikidzi akhoza zoyendetsedwa kwa mphindi 15 20 Nthawi yomweyo defecate. Man, kuongola chilonda, ndowe alowa mthupi la tiziromboti, koma kale pali ndondomeko kuthamanga.

matenda Chagas

Triatominae - mamembala owopsa a mitundu amene zamoyo zina matenda aakulu. Mabakiteriya otsekeredwa mu thupi la munthu, kuyamba kukula ndipo zidzakhudza m'mimba thirakiti, mtima, dongosolo minofu ndi mafupa.

matenda angayambe mitundu iwiri: pachimake mawonekedwe, amene kumatenga miyezi 1-2 pambuyo matenda, ndi aakulu, pamene chitukuko chikuchitika pa zaka 5-20.

Zizindikiro za matenda mu gawo pachimake:

• Kutupa m'dera la kuluma (khungu amakhala mdima wofiira hue).
• Kutupa lymph mfundo.
• Thupi kutentha limatuluka.
• Mutu.
• Nseru, kusanza.
• M'mimba matenda.
• Paleness wa khungu.

Nthawi zina, zizindikiro izi sizingakhale kaya kuonekera mu gawo.

Mu mawonekedwe aakulu akupezeka:

• Kupweteka minofu.
• Maonekedwe a kupuma movutikira.
• Ululu m'dera pamimba ndi chifuwa.
• A imfa kwambiri kudya.
• Zonse kutopa.
• m'makona bluish la manja ndi mapazi, milomo.
• Pafupipafupi kukomoka, disorientation ndi matenda ena okhudza ubongo.

Pakali pano, katemera loletsa matenda, chimene imafalira triatominae, osati mu dziko. Chithandizo ikuchitika ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala odana parasitic. Koma mankhwala kale wayamba m'pamenenso mpata kuchira kwathunthu mtima.

Kuchiza ndi kusamalitsa

Powona ndekha pa kuluma, chinthu choyamba kuchita - kutsuka zinkakhala m'dera ndi madzi aukhondo ndi sopo, ndi Mulimonsemo sakutero zikande. Ndiye muyenera mayesero yoyenera magazi kudziwa tiziromboti kuti chimachititsa matenda Chagas. Pa nkhani ya mwayi ndi zoipa zotsatira Tiyenera kuthetsa kuyabwa ndi kutupa, ntchito yapadera mafuta, ayezi ndi koloko.

Ngati kumene zotsatira kusanthula zinthu zolimbikitsa, mankhwala ntchito monga Nifurtimox kapena Benzidazole, zakutha kulimbana ndi matenda, amene anasamutsidwa triatominae. Tanthauzo mankhwala a T zawo mokwanira lalikulu. Kwa. Mu magawo oyambirira a matenda pali mwayi woti mankhwala.

zodzitetezera

Kwathunthu mungadzitetezere ku tizilombo izi zosavuta. Iwo amatha kulowa nyumba ndi ziweto. Komabe, ena nsonga zikuthandizani kuchepetsa chiopsezo chokumanako ndi triatominae:

• Musati zotere nyumba, makamaka kuchipinda, milu ya zovala ndi mapepala, kuchepetsa malo kumene iwo sakuona triatominae.
• Ikani maukonde udzudzu pakufunika kutero: pa mawindo, zitseko, mipata amphaka ndi agalu.
• Anapulumutsidwa chatsekedwa chimneys.
• Panja kuwala kwa zimitsani pa kupanda pake ndi kuthekera m'malo incandescent mababu ozizira (woyera) pa chikasu - amakopeka tizilombo zochepa.
• Kuti asapanikize anthu ndi ming'alu mu maziko ndi mbali zina za nyumbayo.
• Kuthera mmene ndingathere kuyeretsa mu chipinda, ndi kusamala kwambiri ming'alu, m'malo a mdima, zofunda, makalipeti ziweto.
• Ntchito misampha wapadera yomata.

N'zochititsa chidwi kudziwa

M'malo mokhala asanamvetsetse triatominae. Biology nsikidzi ndi matenda Chagas wakhala imodzi mwa nkhani zofunika kwambiri kuti mukambirane pa msonkhano wapachaka wa mamembala a American Society of Medicine Otentha ndi ukhondo unachitika mu 2014 ku New Orleans. Asayansi ananena kuti mukhale mbakunda oopsa Chagas matenda. Ndondomeko complicates vuto kuulula langoyamba, chifukwa mu nthawi ino zizindikiro amakhala kwina. Izi chikuchititsa mavuto mankhwala.

Koma triatominae - si onyamula okha a khate. Iwo akhoza kufalitsa tizilombo izi analumidwa ndi ziweto. The matenda akhoza kulowa thupi ngati munthu anadya chakudya kachilombo, sanali pochitika kutentha mankhwala. Komanso matenda akhoza kukhala obadwa nawo, ndipo kuchokera mayi ndi kachilombo kwa mwana wosabadwa.