Tizilombo mabakiteriya: zosiyanasiyana. Mabakiteriya m'thupi la munthu

Mabakiteriya - okhala kwambiri wakale wa dziko lathuli. Iwo anakwanitsa atengere pafupifupi zinthu zonse zitheka kwa moyo. Mabakiteriya padziko mabiliyoni Dziko zaka. Iwo inafalitsidwa padziko lonse ndipo alipo mu zonse zinthu zachilengedwe zake. M'nkhaniyi tiona iyankha funso la mtundu wanji wa matenda kuchititsa tizilombo. Habitat ya zinthu izi adzachita angaonere mwa ife.

Zamoyo mabakiteriya

owayimilira choyamba anaonekera zaka zoposa biliyoni 3.5 zapitazo. Kwa zaka pafupifupi biliyoni zaka, zomera zimenezi zinali zolengedwa yekha padziko lapansi.

Choyamba, mabakiteriya ndi dongosolo achikale. Ndiye zovuta Komabe, tsopano zamoyo izi ndi ambiri wosazindikira zokhala ndi selo imodzi. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti nthawi yathu, ena mabakiteriya imatchula mbali mmene makolo awo. Zimenezi zikugwira ntchito zamoyo okhala mu akasupe sulfure, komanso moyo pansi mayiwe (mu muds anoxic).

mabakiteriya nthaka

Nthaka zamoyo - gulu lalikulu kwambiri mabakiteriya. mawonekedwe awo mwangwiro ndinazolowera akukhala m'nyumba zimenezo zimene amakonda. M'kupita kwa zinthu, izo pafupifupi sanasinthe. The mawonekedwe a mabakiteriya nthaka amakhala ngati ndodo, mpira. Iwonso ndi mawonekedwe yokhota kumapeto. Tizilombo timeneti makamaka hemosintetikami. M'mawu ena, mphamvu iwo amakonzedwa mwa zochita zenizeni redox, zimachitika ndi nawo mpweya woipa (mpweya woipa). Chifukwa cha ndondomekoyi zinthu izi lithe zinthu izi, amene ntchito zina za moyo.

Mitundu mabakiteriya m'nthaka

lachonde ali wolemera zosiyanasiyana bakiteriya zikuchokera. Mwa anthu ake olemekezeka:

• inali kuwola mabakiteriya ;
• asafe-chikukonzekera zamoyo;
• mabakiteriya, ndiwo malo - nthaka;
• fermenting mabakiteriya (asidi acetic, asidi lactic, butyric acid);
• tizilombo, amene kuchepetsa zitsulo.

Pakati pawo, si onse amene ali oopsa kwa zomera ndi nyama. Ambiri, mbali inayi, ndi zothandiza. Iwo mbali yofunika kwambiri mu chirengedwe. Komabe, m'nthaka ndipo pali mabakiteriya. malo kumawathandiza chakuti ndi makamaka zomera akudwala iwo.

Kupewa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'nthaka

Ngati agwira mosamala ndi nthaka nthawi Njira ya mbeu zolimidwa pa izo, adzakhala kulimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi poizoni paokha. Mwachitsanzo, thunthu poizoni nthawi zonse kuonekera pa lawola ndi kuvunda la mizu, umatheka ndi masamba. Komabe, wathanzi nthaka, ndondomeko izi zidzachitika mwachibadwa, izo sangabale mabakiteriya zomera tizilombo. vuto Umaoneka nambala zikuchepa kuchuluka kwa nkhani chomera amafuna processing. Choncho m'pofunika kudula nthambi superfluous Ndidzawazula mitengo, zitsamba kuchotsedwa ndi kudula, kuti tchipisi onse, mizu ndi nthambi ku malo.

polimbana tizilombo toyambitsa matenda nthaka

Mukaona kuti malo anu ali kudwala nthawi zonse, mtundu umodzi wokha wa mbewu, si koyenera chaka chilichonse utsi masamba akhudzidwa ndi zimayambira. chakuti gwero njiru amakhala m'nthaka. Choncho m'pofunika kuteteza mbewu ku matenda. Ndiye zomera amatumphukira kwa iwo, adzakhala athanzi.

Sitimadzipereka mu madzi, potaziyamu permanganate ndi chophweka njira kulimbana mabakiteriya. Kuyenera sitimadzipereka mu madzi pa 1 g pa 100 ml ya madzi. Pamakhala theka maola zilowerere mmenemo mbewu, ndiyeno muzimutsuka bwinobwino ndi madzi. wothandizila wina - kupasuka mu lita imodzi ya madzi 1 galamu timibulu a permanganate potaziyamu ndi "buluu mwala" (mkuwa sulfate) ndi kuwonjezera 0.2 ga asidi boric.

tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'thupi la munthu

Tizilombo timeneti - majeremusi-symbionts. ndi chiopsezo kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda waumunthu? Iwo ankayendetsa pogwiritsa ntchito ina chamoyo, kuphatikizapo anthu. Komanso, poizoni mankhwala womaliza wa moyo wawo. Motero, pangakhale matenda akulu: kolera, tayifodi, tizilombo ta matenda, chifuwa chachikulu, brucellosis, ndi ena.

Ambiri mwa iwo ndi malo malovu anthu wodwala, komanso mbale ndi zinthu zina ntchito ndi wodwalayo. Iwo akhoza kulowa m'thupi kudzera mpweya stale m'nyumba. tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zimapezeka, chakudya madzi ndi pafupifupi pamalo onse. Iwo makamaka yabwino auve zinthu. Nyama odwala akhoza kachilombo, chifukwa ena mabakiteriya awa, zoipa kwa iwo, ndipo akhoza kuwononga.

Ndi zomera, monga tanena kale, zimakhudza mabakiteriya. malo amakonda, makamaka, zipatso za zomera. Zowoneka anakhudzidwa iwo chipatso mosavuta zotsimikizika. Choncho, chisamaliro ayenera kumwedwa kwa masamba ndi zipatso ntchito mu chakudya, makamaka kwa chilombo-kukula. Ndipotu, mabakiteriya zoipa tizilombo timene timayambitsa matenda oopsa. ukhondo, komanso asamafalitse malo - ichi ndi kupewa bwino.

m'matumbo Bacillus

tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, malo omwe - thupi, achuluka. Mwachitsanzo, E. coli. Ndi symbiotic mabakiteriya, michere gwero umene ntchito nyama magazi ofunda. Advantageously, ndi E. coli ndi ndodo-mphako. Iwo umakhala makamaka mmunsi mwa lumen wa matumbo. Komabe, E. coli akapezedwe komanso mankhwala mu madzi. Komanso, kupulumuka kwa kanthawi chilengedwe.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana (tizilombo ta) a mitundu bakiteriya. Mbali yaikulu ya iwo kulibe vuto lililonse. Tizilombo timeneti alipo mu yachibadwa zomera matumbo a nyama ndi anthu. Kutentha 37 ° C ndi akadakwanitsira kwa iwo.

Baibulo lina ali kuti E. coli umalowa mu thupi kwa maola 40 pambuyo pa kubadwa kwake, ndipo amakhala moyo wake wonse wa munthu. Gwero la pakuwonekera kwake mu thupi kungakhale mkaka mayi kapena anthu pokhudzana ndi mwanayo. Malinga ndi Baibulo lina, bakiteriya izi akali m'mimba amakhala thupi.

E. coli kulibe vuto zinthu wamba chilengedwe cha izo. Komabe, zikhoza kukhala tizilombo ngati zikuoneka mu mbali zina za thupi lathu. Komanso, sungakhaliretu tizilombo zimatha kudutsa kuchokera kunja. Motero, munthu waona zosiyanasiyana matenda gastro-m'mimba.

streptococci

Izi mabakiteriya amayambitsa matenda, amapanga pafupifupi theka la microflora oropharynx wathu. Koma apa iwo ali si owopsa. Zotsala chakudya kapena desquamated epithelium - kwambiri michere sing'anga chifukwa streptococci. Iwo anapeza mu kapepala m'mimba, Ziwalo zoberekera thirakiti kupuma. A ambiri Zamoyo zimenezi amakhala khungu anthu. Chitetezo chokwanira kumalepheretsa chitukuko.

Mabakiteriya pansi zochita za zinthu zingapo mtima mu mabakiteriya osiyanasiyana tizilombo. Chifukwa, iwo amayambitsa matenda akulu.

staphylococci

Chibadwire, munthuyo amayamba kucheza ndi matenda amene amayamba ndi Staphylococcus aureus. Thupi moyo umabala chitetezo chokwanira amphamvu kwa izo. Mchikakamizo cha zinthu zingapo, mabakiteriya awa n'kukhala tizilombo. Iwo bwanji khungu, ndipo pali balere, pyoderma, abscesses, zithupsa ndiponso carbuncles. Kufala kwa matenda kumayambitsa folliculitis, cellulitis, phlegmon wa zimakhala zofewa, abscesses, mastitis ndi gidradenity.

Staphylococcus aureus likulowerera mu thupi kudzera m'magazi. Izo zimayambitsa matenda a mtima (endocarditis ndi pericarditis), mafupa (osteomyelitis), mafupa (nyamakazi bakiteriya), dongosolo mkodzo, ubongo, m'munsi ndi chapamwamba thirakiti kupuma. Pafupifupi zimakhala anthu onse ndi ziwalo zingakhudze matenda staphylococcal. Mitundu ya matenda amene amachititsa, pali zambiri kuposa zana. Staphylococcus enterotoxins, kugwera thirakiti m'mimba ndi chakudya, kutsogolera kwa chakudya poizoni (poyizoni).

Ana mpaka chaka, ndi akulu ndi chitetezo wofooka ambiri atengeke matenda. kulephera mawonetseredwe zosiyanasiyana. Akudalira pa malo oyamba mu chamoyo Staphylococcus, digiri yake ndewu, komanso boma ya chitetezo cha wodwalayo.

tubercle Bacillus

munthu linali litadzala ndi tubercle Bacillus, kudwala chifuwa cha TB. Mu mafupa, impso, m'mapapo, ndi ena ziwalo zina pali tokhala yaing'ono kuti m'kupita apasuke. Chifuwa chachikulu - matenda oopsa kwambiri, ndi vuto limeneli nthawi zina kwa zaka.

Yersinia pestis

Yersinia pestis - ndi mabakiteriya amene amayambitsa matendawa. Infection kumabweretsa maonekedwe a kwambiri kwambiri, ndi imodzi mwa matenda ambiri chosakhalitsa - mliri. Nthawi zina, zizindikiro woyamba wa matenda imfa akudutsa maola ochepa okha. Kale, miliri yoopsa ya matenda ndi tsoka loopsa. Panali nthawi zina midzi yonse ndiponso mizinda ankafa iwo.

Mwachitsanzo, m'zaka 6, matenda aloŵa mu East ku Central Europe. Oopsya pano, mliri ankapha anthu tsiku m'mizinda ikuluikulu. Ndipo masiku ano patsalanso matenda oopsa. mabakiteriya mliri kunyamula utitiri, amene ali parasitic pa makoswe ndi gophers.

malo ena a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda

Mabakiteriya angathe kusankha moyo, osati malo amene ayankhidwa pamwamba. Ena mwa iwo alipo zinthu zimene zimaoneka ngati zosafunika kwa moyo. Izi akasupe a madzi otentha, ndi kumalo ozizira ayezi ndi dilution mpweya, ndi kuthamanga amphamvu. polimbana tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi zogwirizana kulikonse. Ndipotu dziko palibe malo oterowo, kumene iwo sakanakhoza wapezeka.

Choncho, tinakambirana za mtundu wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi kumene amakhala. Kumene, nkhaniyi anafotokoza mfundo owayimilira. Mitundu ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, monga mukudziwa, achuluka, choncho ankadziwa iwo ukhoza nthawi yayitali.