The molar misa lofanana

Malinga ndi mawu a zikuchokera kwa mosalekeza za lamulo lililonse pawiri mankhwala koyera amakhalabe yemweyo kachulukidwe zikuchokera mu zosatheka amadalira njira yopanga ake, monga alonga kuna dziko wasayansi J. Proust mu 1801-1808 gg. Lamulo limeneli ali anatuluka chifukwa cha mkangano wa akatswiri French Proust ndi Jean K. Berthollet. Woyamba wa iwo ankakhulupirira kuti ubwenzi miyambo ya mankhwala chifukwa ndi chibadwa okhazikika, wachiwiri anaona masiyanidwe a kugwirizana. zaka zana pambuyo, kuzungulira 1912-1913. NS Kurnakov anakhazikitsa kuli kugwirizana ndi chikhalidwe variable wa zikuchokera, amene adayitana "berthollides". gulu akutchulidwa mankhwala crystalline: phosphides, oxides, carbides, ndi ena. zikuchokera pawiri ndi khalidwe okhazikika pa NS maganizo wasayansi Kurnakova unadziwika ngati "daltonides". Chilamulo zonse zomveka pankhani ya zinthu gaseous ndi madzi.

Wa anakonza lamulo zikuchokera mosalekeza ndizoonekeratu nawatsimikizira kuti zinthu zinthu ogwirizana wina ndi mnzake mu kufanana mosamalitsa zochepa. Pankhani imeneyi, pali mfundo mu umagwirira ofanana, amene anawamasulira kuchokera ku Latin zikutanthauza "ofanana." Mawu, wofanana - ndi makonzedwe tinthu zinthu zomwe nambala inayake ya nthawi zosakwana mayunitsi kake chilinganizo. Pali ofanana limafanana ndi chikhalidwe cha reactants, digirii ndi mtundu yokonza mankhwala anachita. Ndi chifukwa chiwerengero cha ofanana kusiyanitsa chinthu makamaka zikuchokera mankhwala - magulu kudziwika kwa ayoni kapena mamolekyulu. Mu zochita za mtundu kuwombola Mwachitsanzo, misa molar wa mankhwala ofanana anatsimikiza ndi kudutsa zimene stoichiometry.

Childs, ambiri a zanyengo amatha kupanga kugwirizana angapo pakati pawo. Choncho, wofanana ndi mchitidwe wa, komanso molar ofanana kulemera, mwina makhalidwe osiyana, kuyang'ana kunja kwa zikuchokera mayeso pawiri anali kudziŵika. Komabe, mu Zikatero, zofanana zosiyanasiyana za chinthu chimodzimodzi chilamulira chikhalidwe ndi mzake monga integers ochepa. Mwachitsanzo, misa molar ya mpweya ofanana dongosolo anapeza woipa ndi okusayidi mpweya zimasiyanasiyana ndipo watsala 3 magalamu / Mfuko, ndi 6 g / mol, ndi chiŵerengero cha mtengo anapeza ofanana ndi chiŵerengero cha 1: 2. Childs, ambiri a mankhwala limapangidwa misa molar wa zofanana wa hydrogen Angafanane ndi, ndi mpweya - magalamu eyiti pa Mole. Chofanana - ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwala akachita kumene Mfuko la ma elekitironi valence.

Pali njira zingapo kuti experimentally kudziwa lalikulu molar misa lofanana chilichonse mchitidwe:

• Direct njira. Bukuli lili deta akamagwira kaphatikizidwe wa hydrogen ndi mpweya mankhwala a amafotokozera ankafuna.
• Sitipereka njira. M'malo mwake, limagwiritsa ntchito hydrogen ndi mpweya ndi zinthu zina za lofanana kudziwika.
• kusamutsidwa njira. Kumafuna kuchotsa haidrojeni kuchokera njira acidic ndi ntchito zina zitsulo nyemba.
• The njira mawunikidwe. Zochokera mawerengedwe a misa gawo la thunthu mu umodzi wa mankhwala ake.
• Electrochemical njira data ndikuganizira electrolysis.

Molar misa ofanana ntchito kuchita kuwerengetsera kachulukidwe pa mankhwala ankachita mwa zinthu zodziwika. A mwayi kwambiri apa ndi vuto limene palibe kufunika kogwiritsa ntchito aone kuti pali mankhwala anachita, zomwe ndi zovuta kulemba komanso. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti mankhwala nawo kucheza, kapena thunthu - chobalidwa cha mankhwala anachita.