Symbiosis, kugawana zitsanzo suschetvovaniya

Mamiliyoni a mitundu ya zamoyo padziko lapansi, ndipo onse ndi mtundu wina wa kugwirizana pakati pawo. Ena mitundu kudya nyama zina ndi nawonso ndiwo chakudya cha zinyama wamphamvu. Koma pali wina ubwenzi - kudalirana zitsanzo za zimene zimapezeka paliponse. Mu Greek, ndi mawu otanthauza "moyo pamodzi". N'zosadabwitsa kuti "kugwirizana" a mtundu umenewu amakonda ena zomera.

mtundu umodzi wa kudalirana ndi kudalirana kutanthauza "reciprocity". Ndi mtundu uwu wa mchitidwe zipani zonse ndi zofunika kwambiri kwa wina ndi mzake.

Chitsanzo cha co-kuli ndi parasitism, pamene nthumwi imodzi kuvulaza wina, otsalafe m'njira.

zitsanzo Symbiosis

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi tokha - anthu. Zingatanthauze kuti mabakiteriya - mdani wa munthu, koma popanda ena a mtundu wawo, sitingathe moyo wabwinobwino ndi kukhalapo. Mu matumbo athu moyo bifidobacteria ndi lactobacilli, kuti manambala awo aithamangitse toyambitsa kulowa kuchokera kunja. Ndipo iwo kudyetsedwa ndi nkhani za mundawo m'mimba, kotero likukhalira mgwirizano mangawawo.

Pali nyama "abwenzi" kwa nthawi yaitali. Mwachitsanzo, mu Africa voloklyui nkhuku kuwuluka kuyambira mmbuyo kumbuyo kwa nyama zazikulu (njati, akadyamsonga rhinos), mmene ndi kudya nkhupakupa ndi tizilombo tina kuti adzadziphatika zimphona, kuchotsa iwo motero ku tizilombo kupeza kwambiri chakudya okha.

Mu dziko m'madzi ngati pali mitundu kuthandizana kunja. Mwachitsanzo, nsomba ng'ombe, pamene iye anawona adani lalikulu, kubisala mu dzenje, amene anakumba khansa ya pitani. Koma arthropods yekha kulandira ichi, monga kupulumuka kwa nsomba ndi chizindikiro kuti iwo, nawonso, ayenera kubisa (a khansa yokha amaona zoipa). Pamene Mvuu mu madziwo, aisadza algae ndi nsomba ndi majeremusi "Black Labe", ndipo osati khungu komanso mano ndipo ngakhale m'kamwa mwanu.

Sinegalskaya mwala curlew (mbalame) amene wakwanitsa kukhazikitsa ubwenzi ndi ng'ona! Iye akumanga chisa ndi kutchera mazira pafupi malo mazira alligator. Mu nkhani ya ngozi mbalame ndi mfuu wake Akuuza chimphona, ndipo nthawi yomweyo iri yofulumira anateteza zomangamanga ndi mwala curlew ake zisa.

Palinso chomera kudalirana zitsanzo za zimene - ndi bowa ndi mitengo ndi zomera maluwa ndi tizilombo. Aspen, bowa birch kuwapeza mitengo zakudya kupereka kuwombola mchere ndi madzi. A mbalame kudya maluwa timadzi tokoma, kunyamula mungu pa milomoyo awo pofuna kuthandiza zomera kubereka.

zitsanzo kudalirana

Mu m'matumbo a chiswe moyo flagellate mogwirizana kuti kupukusa mapadi mu shuga. Palibe michere nimu kwa nchito imeneyi, ndipo popanda anzawo, zimafa ndi njala. flagellates A mu matumbo a moyo ndi kugwa mu zinthu zabwino okha.

zitsanzo parasitism

Koma mu chikhalidwe pali zamoyo kuti moyo likuvutika ena, mwa kulankhula kwina iwo sangathe. Kudyetsa ndi kumasula poizoni, pang'onopang'ono chiphe tiziromboti khamu. Ena mochenjera kukhazikika wina pa nthawi, ndi zina pa moyo nthawi zonse. Majeremusi pang'onopang'ono kunyoza, iwo sangakhoze kugaya chakudya nokha, onani, amve, koma iwo anali ngowe ndi suckers. Mu machitidwe kuchuluka kubalana ntchito (anthu mamiliyoni ambiri), amagwirizanitsidwa ndi imfa mkulu wa mbewu.

Nyongolotsi - gulu lalikulu la majeremusi. Iwo makamaka moyo mu matumbo a anthu kapena zinyama. Komanso, angelo amenewa amatha bwanji chiwindi, chikhodzodzo, ubongo ndi minofu. Zakudya, mavitamini ndi mchere chakudya, ali m'mimba mphutsi, thupi la munthu "sizithandiza" kutopa ndi zonse akudwala poizoni.

Majeremusi tingathe kukhala popanda, monga utitiri ndi nkhupakupa. Iwo amaonedwa tizirombo wosakhazikika, mwachitsanzo. E. Iwo ali khamu yochepa kudya magazi kudzera pakhungu.

Amazing mawonekedwe aliko - ndi kudalirana, zitsanzo izo Tingaone, pambuyo kuyang'ana mosamala kwa dziko lakunja. Ndipo inu mukhoza kuyamba nokha.