STH: mankhwala chikhalidwe, mavuto obwera zamoyo kudwala

Mahomoni - bioactive zinthu zimene apanga ndi tochoka ndi zopangitsa endocrine mwachindunji mu magazi, cerebrospinal madzimadzi kapena lymph. Mahomoni kusonyeza bioactivity mkulu Mlingo miniscule wa 10-3 ndipo ngakhale 10-6 mg. Iwo kuonetsa yochepa kanthu ndipo mofulumira anawonongedwa.

Katundu mahomoni.

Ambiri mahomoni kuwerenga kapangidwe maselo. Ambiri a iwo analandira mu mawonekedwe woyera (folliculin, insulin); ena a iwo apanga (insulin, zikuwonjezereka masiku ano, cortisone). ntchito za zopangitsa za endocrine umalamulidwa ndi wamanjenje dongosolo. Nawonso England deta bwanji wamanjenje dongosolo. Mahomoni bwanji kagayidwe mapulotini, chakudya, zidulo mkati lipids ndi mchere.

STH (zikule timadzi, kukula timadzi, kukula timadzi) anali olekanitsidwa ndi pituitary zapambuyo akupanga Evans ndi Long mu 1921. Pituitary England - ndi mbali imodzi yofunika kwambiri zopangitsa endocrine. Pamodzi ndi ubongo imene imalamulira kutentha morphophysiological ndipamene dongosolo osakwatiwa, amene nthawi kagayidwe wa madera osiyana. The timadzi ndi mapuloteni chikhalidwe ndi dongosolo oligomeric. Kulemera maselo a 23000-46000 Da. Growth timadzi polypeptide limapangidwa limasonyeza awiri amene ali zatsalira kwa amino asidi 191.

Mbali khalidwe la kukula timadzi kuti izo zikusonyeza mitundu kulunjika. Ziyenera kuti ndi okhawo biologically yogwira kukula timadzi anyani anthu.

Pamene hypo-katulutsidwe matenda timadzi kukula zimachitika ena njira kagayidwe kachakudya mu thupi, ndicho anabolic njira ndi ndondomeko kukula. Pamene kwambiri timadzi kutulutsidwa (hyperfunction Prostate) ali aang'ono, pamaso pa isanayambike msinkhu mpaka akamaliza njira ya mapangidwe fupa, pali kumatheka kukula kwa thupi la munthu, imbaenda gigantism. Growth anthu pangakhale kuchokera 2 2,7 m. Kugwiritsa kukula timadzi mu akula kumabweretsa chitukuko cha acromegaly. matenda Izi zimachitika ndi adenomas pituitary ndi hyperplasia. Zizindikiro za matendawa ndi kukula akanagwiritsa ziwalo payekha, kukula kwambiri za miyendo, mutu ndi zofewa minofu overgrowth - mphuno, milomo, lilime, chibwano. Kuwonjezeka mu ziwalo mkati, zinalembedwa hypertrophy wa zopangitsa ena endocrine.

Ndi osakwanira kaphatikizidwe kukula timadzi (hyposecretion) ali mwana pali dwarfism (dwarfism). Growth si kuposa 90-120 masentimita, palibe sekondale makhalidwe kugonana. atumiki Pituitary ali ndi njila kwa kapangidwe ka thupi, akuluakulu pang'ono mutu. Pamene iwo sakudziwa amasiyana yachibadwa chitukuko maganizo a anthu.

STH amakhudza anabolic njira: imayendetsa ndi biosynthesis mapulotini, zidulo mkati kumawonjezera misinkhu shuga m'magazi (ashuga zochitika) yotithandiza reticulocytosis, hondro- ndi osteogenesis.

Thupi la munthu synthesizes zinthu zambiri bioactive, zomwe zingatipatse kumverera zosangalatsa (euphoria, maganizo, kusangalala). Mu sayansi awa zinthu amatchedwa timene, ali ndi udindo kufala kwa zikhumbo za mitsempha. Akukhulupirira kuti serotonin, endorphins ndi dopamine - ndi mahomoni zosangalatsa. Serotonin - ndi timadzi wabwino maganizo. Pamene jekeseni magazi, izo kumawonjezera galimoto ntchito bwino maganizo. Chakuchepa kwa serotonin akhoza kuyamba kuvutika maganizo. Endorphins ali apanga mu thupi mavuto, kuchepetsa ululu. Ndi kumanga kwa maselo opiate, iwo ziletsa ululu, motero kuchititsa euphoria. Dopamine nthawi zambiri amatchedwa timadzi zosangalatsa. Kwakukulu ndende ya anati pawiri mu magazi, zogirigisha m'tsogolo.