Makroprolaktin - ndichiyani? Analysis makroprolaktin: wakudziko ndi kupatuka

Prolactin (lyuteotropnym) wotchedwa timadzi opangidwa ndi maselo zapambuyo pituitary. thunthu angapo mitundu, maonekedwe umene uli mwa anthu. Mtundu umodzi otere makroprolaktin luteotrophic timadzi. Kodi izo, ndi ntchito zake ndi katundu, pansipa zimene.

Zikhulupiriro prolactin

The timadzi imakhala mapulotini ankaona prolaktinpodobnyh peputayidi mankhwala. katundu mogwirizana nawo njira ya kubereka, ndi ziwalo, bovwiri wakufuma a zochita - ndi zopangitsa mammary.

The maselo amene amathandiza kuti prolactin apezeka ku mbali ina ya thupi, koma bwinobwino mmene iwo anatani mmene zinthu mahomoni. zolandilira imalandira zimapezeka ziwalo zotsatirazi:

• ndulu;
• kuwala;
• ndi thymus;
• mtima;
• kapamba;
• impso;
• chiberekero ndi thumba losunga mazira;
• khungu.

The timadzi alipo mu magazi a anthu m'njira zitatu: 85% zakuthupi ali mawonekedwe a monomer, 10% - mawonekedwe dimer ndi% 5 kokha mu mawonekedwe makroprolaktina.

Ntchito ya prolactin

Waukulu "ntchito" wa timadzi kuti akule ndi kukhala mlingo wokwanira pa mapangidwe mkaka pa yoyamwitsa. Mimba, mlingo okwanira prolactin kukhala kugonana timadzi esitirojeni. Pamene mwana wabadwa kuchuluka timafunika amachepetsa kwambiri.

Nthawi imeneyi yopanga prolactin anakhalabe ndi nipple kukondoweza kwa mechanoreceptors. kuyenda awo yogwira yoyamwitsa akapsa amasulidwe oxytocin, limene lili ndi mkaka. Ie prolactin kumapangitsa kupanga mkaka ndi kudzikundikira ake pachifuwa, koma m'kati Kupeleka mkaka akukumana oxytocin pamene.

Ntchito ya prolactin pa mimba zikhoza zowoneka anawona pa akhanda a. Mkulu woipa wa timadzi kutchera amaonekera pa mwanayo. A masiku angapo pambuyo pa kubadwa kwa chifuwa mwana, nawonso kukhala kumaliseche yamkaka kuti sikutanthauza alowererepo zina ndi paokha anayesedwa pa masabata loyamba la moyo.

katundu wina luteotrophic timadzi:

• chopinga wa ovulation;
• kutambasuka kwa nthawi ya kukhalapo kwa corpus luteum;
• popewa mimba wina;
• ang'ono analgesic zotsatira;
• kumatanthauza mapangidwe surfactant ya;
• kuonetsetsa kulolerana mthupi la mwana wosabadwayo ndi;
• nawo kuonetsetsa pamalungo.

Limagwirira chitukuko matenda

Anthu athanzi ndi mkazi si pakati amene ali ndi vuto palibe thanzi, prolactin imathetsa ndi yogwira mankhwala dopamine. Iwo apanga mu ubongo imene imalamulira kutentha kwa. Pa zinthu aliyense pathologic anagwiriridwa ubale pakati pa ubongo imene imalamulira kutentha ndi pituitary England, chifukwa maselo adenohypophysis lithe luteotrophic timadzi ndipo amaika zake seramu.

Makroprolaktin - ndichiyani?

Izi mawonekedwe prolactin amene ali mkulu maselo kulemera. Lilili mu thupi zochepa. The peculiarity wa mawonekedwe - kulankhulana hormonally yogwira mankhwala immunoglobulin.

Prolactin ndi makroprolaktin mu ndalama pamwamba mwakale ayenera kupezeka chabe mu akazi apakati ndi lactating. Nthawi zina zonse amaonedwa kukhala pathological.

Makroprolaktinu ndi apamwamba kulemera maselo, amakonda kudziunjikira mu thupi. Ena kupanga luteotrophic timadzi linanena bungwe chifukwa mitengo mofulumira kulemera otsika maselo.

Makroprolaktin, mlingo wa tikambirana pansipa, ali otsika ntchito zamoyo ndi choncho, kusintha kwakung'ono wake zizindikiro thupi mwina sakuyankha. Chithunzi matenda ndi ofooka, kapena limodzi ndi zipolowe za msambo, amene si chizindikiro enieni kudwala.

Oimira wa mwamuna komanso apanga ndi timadzi izi. Iye ali ndi udindo kwa kupanga umuna, ntchito yawo ndi kaphatikizidwe wa testosterone. Amuna makroprolaktina kanjedza ndi ochepa kwambiri kuposa akazi.

Zofufuza za mulingo wa phunziro lathu, komanso makhalidwe ake Mkhalidwe ndi kachulukidwe anatumizidwa ngati zolinga yaitali osabereka matenda.

Gipermakroprolaktinemiya

Ngati makroprolaktin anayambitsa ngati boma wotchedwa gipermakroprolaktinemiey. kudwala Izi si chinthu precipitating mu chitukuko cha zotupa zilonda wa m'mawere ndi kufooka kwa mafupa poyerekeza ndi boma la kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa prolactin yachibadwa.

Kumbukirani kuti kuwuka lakuthwa timadzi ta m'thupi omwe sanali yoyamwitsa akuti kuyan'anila mu ntchito ya dongosolo hypothalamic-pituitary. Kupezeka kwa ndalama kwambiri makroprolaktina akhoza kusonyeza kuti dysmenorrhea, nthawi zina kukhala chifukwa osabereka.

prolaktinoma

Mawu akuti "prolaktinoma" amatanthauza zotupa chosaopsa wa pituitary, chimene ndi chizindikiro cha ulimi luteotrophic timadzi. Adenomas angayambe akazi ndi amuna onse. Etiology zikamera prolactinoma komabe si bwino. Pali maganizo pankhani ya kutengera za kumtundu, komanso chakuti zotupa zimachitika mu kufanana ndi kudwala kwa ziwalo zina za dongosolo endocrine.

Awiri mitundu ya zotupa wachinsinsi ndi kukula ndi malo:

• intrasellyarnye osati kudzalamulira pa sella turcica , ndipo ndi awiri a osachepera 10 mm;
• ekstrasellyarnye amapindulitsa sella turcica, ndipo ndi awiri kuposa 10 mm.

Kuwonjezera syndromes zazikulu ndi mawonetseredwe, zimene akatswiri yoikidwiratu matenda ndi prolactin makroprolaktin, pali zizindikiro zina matenda a matenda:

• kuchepetsa wa kumunda zithunzi;
• sakuyendetsa lakuthwa mu acuity zithunzi;
• unagawanika mu maso;
• kulephera kugwiritsa ntchito masomphenya zotumphukira;
• mutu;
• maganizo;
• nkhawa ndi irritability;
• Zikavuta, okwana khungu.

Kuwonjezera diagnostics choyezera, kuika matenda zolondola, ntchito CT ndi Kujambula ubongo, kukondoweza mayesero (m'thupi) ndi densitometry (mafupa Chiyerekezo ntchito zosiyanasiyana).

diagnostics Features

Analysis pa makroprolaktin - ndichiyani? Izi matenda njira immunohemilyuminestsentnoy anachita, zomwe Kwalamulidwa kwa odwala onse ndi milingo zapamwamba za prolactin mu thupi.

kusanthula ndi imodzi mwa njira nzeru. Pamene wagwira kuti zamoyo timadzi "podselyayut" particles fulorosenti lomwe, ndi kumanga kwa prolactin pounikira mbali poyera kuti ultraviolet poizoniyu. Mlingo wa luminescence chimaonekera luminometer - wapadera zipangizo wonyamulikayu.

Kachulukidwe zizindikiro makroprolaktina anatsimikiza ntchito polyethylene glycol. Iwo anachititsa mafunsidwe a maofesi m'thupi. Ngati ndondomeko ku seramu wa anatsimikiza zosakwana 40% ya okwana luteotrophic mlingo timadzi, umenewu ndi umboni wakuti chiwerengero yofunika kwambiri ankafufuza chuma makroprolaktina.

Zikuonetsa kuti matenda

Pali mikhalidwe imene akatswiri anatumizidwa zina zizindikiro Mkhalidwe ndi kachulukidwe ya prolactin ndi mtundu uliwonse. Analysis pa makroprolaktin ikuchitika milandu zotsatirazi:

• Galactorrhea - nthenda katulutsidwe a mkaka kapena colostrum;
• pamaso prolactin - zotupa adenohypophysis amene lithe ndi yambiri ya timadzi thunthu;
• imfa yadzidzidzi ya masomphenya;
• osabereka;
• pakalibe kusamba kuposa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi;
• magazi uterine wa etiology sakudziwika;
• kuphunzira kudwala wa pituitary ya;
• zonse kupanda ovulation;
• kufooka kwa mafupa;
• chifuwa;
• ziyenera a mphamvu ya mankhwala prolactin.

Norma ntchito panyengo zosiyanasiyana

Number zimadziŵika prolactin (zotsatira mu mkIE / ml):

• mwamuna mlingo - 44,5-375;
• wamkazi ponseponse - 59-619;
• postmenopause - 38-430;
• wobereka - 205,5-4420.

Makroprolaktina zotsatira kudziwika ndi kutanthauziridwa mu embodiments amenewa:

• kuchuluka kwambiri makroprolaktina;
• makroprolaktin osati ya anthu;
• ambiri a mchikaiko makroprolaktina.

zabwino

Gipermakroprolaktinemiya anatsimikiza ndi maziko a pathologies zotsatirazi:

• ubongo imene imalamulira kutentha zotupa;
• hypophysis chotupa njira;
• chithokomiro matenda (kuchepa kwa katulutsidwe m'thupi);
• polycystic n'kuwasanganiza syndrome;
• aimpso kulephera;
• chiwindi matenda;
• anomalies adrenal England, adrenal insufficiency ;
• zokhudza zonse lupus erythematosus;
• nyamakazi mtundu;
• deficiencies pyridoxine vitamini.

A kuchuluka kwambiri cha kukhalapo makroprolaktina amatanthauzanso kuti wodwalayo akhoza kukhala nthawi yayitali kumwa mankhwala mankhwala.

Mlingo wa chikoka m'thupi:

• mankhwala;
• antipsychotics;
• okodzetsa;
• antihypertensives;
• antipsychotics;
• m'kamwa kulera;
• antidepressants;
• antiemetic lalikulu zedi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yaitali.

mfundo yafupika

Mu ena limati makroprolaktin, mlingo kwa akazi imasiyana malingana ndi nthawi ya moyo zochepa kusiyana ndi mulingo woyenera ntchito. chotsatirachi khalidwe la milandu zotsatirazi:

• pituitary infarction, kunachitika motsutsa likhale kutaya magazi chachikulu pobereka;
• perenashivanie mimba (kuposa 41-42 masabata);
• yaitali ntchito mankhwala kulimbana khunyu, "calcitonin", njira m'thupi, "Morphine", "rifampicin", "Nifedipine".

Amene amaika kuphunzira ndi komwe ndikupereka

Kafukufuku atume ena akatswiri: gynecologist, urologist kapena m'thupi yemwenso. Analysis chidang'ambika Laboratories wa zipatala apadera zachipatala komanso malo kulera. Kwa matenda a magazi venous chofunika.

Zotsatira kukhala zomveka, wodwala ayenera kukonzekera kusanthula makroprolaktin:

1. maola 12 asanayambe yobereka kukana chakudya.
2. Ndipo kutatsala masiku ochepa phwando ntchito mankhwala pamaziko a estrogens ndi androgens. The katswiri, amene anapereka malangizo, ayenera kuuza wodwala za izo.
3. Kwa maola 24 kuti asiye kwathunthu mankhwala.
4. Kwa masiku angapo isanafike kusanthula kulamulira ntchito iliyonse thupi komanso kupewa mavuto.
5. Pa tsiku la yobereka kuwunika mufunika kuleka kusuta.

Pomaliza

mtundu umodzi ndi makroprolaktin luteotrophic timadzi. Kodi izo, kodi mbali kuona ubwino wake ndi kuchuluka - mfundo zofunika kuti mwamuna ndi mkazi amene akufuna kuti akhale makolo m'tsogolo, kapena m'kati kukonzekera kutenga pakati.