St. Petersburg State Museum chipembedzo mwachidule, maonekedwe, mbiri ndi mfundo zosangalatsa

Nkomwe aliyense anayesedwa mmene zinthu zakale ambiri muli dziko. State Museum wa chipembedzo mu St. Petersburg - mmodzi yekha mu Russia ndi mmodzi mwa anthu ochepa mu dziko akuimira mbiri padzuwa la mapangidwe chipembedzo. Ndalama zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho anasonkhana St. Petersburg, pali makope oposa mazana awiri zikwi: manda chikhalidwe ndi mbiri yakale a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi nyengo. The wamkulu wa iwo - ndi zokumbidwa pansi kuchokera VI Zakachikwi BC. e.

Mmene State Museum wa History of Religion mu St. Petersburg?

Mu Zima Palace (White Hall) m'chaka cha 1930 anthu chionetsero cha malangizo kulibe Mulungu. maziko ake anapanga zinthu zakale ku zinthu zochititsa chidwi mumzinda ambiri - Kunstkamera, Russian Museum, ndi Library ya Academy of Sciences, ndi Hermitage. Anayambitsa chilengedwe cha chionetserochi anali Vladimir Germanovich Bogoraz - amadziwika ethnographer, wolemba mbiri zilankhulo.

Chionetsero ndi kuphunzira makhalidwe nkhani ya chipembedzo, komanso zinthu kulambira ankaona njira yabwino kuti zothetsa nzika Soviet ku "mdima wa mpingo." chionetserocho bwinobwino ziziwayendera ndi malingaliro a nthawi, pamene nkhondo yolimbana ndi chipembedzo nkhondo ndi njira zonse zilipo. Pachifukwa ichi kuti kufotokoza anali wotchuka kwambiri.

akatembenuka chionetserocho

Exhibition mofulumira kudzadza ndi zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho watsopano, ndipo posakhalitsa panali kufunika kwa kusinthika ake mu kowonera zakale achipembedzo. St. Petersburg anawonjezera chidwi bungwe latsopano mu 1930. Akuluakulu a boma anaganiza kupereka zosowa za omanga atsopanowo owonetsera zakale wa Kazan Cathedral, komwe panthawiyo chinali chosavomerezeka. Komanso, pa nthawi ya "kusuntha" kachisi wokongola ndi osasamalika. Ndodo owonetsera zakale anakakamizika kubweretsa izo mu dongosolo paokha.

Only mu 1932 inatha ntchito kukonzekera. M'ma November, m'nyumbayi kulandira alendo chake choyamba. Tikumbukenso kuti mwambo umenewu zinachitika chifukwa cha luso ndi nzeru utsogoleri V. G. Bogoraza, ndodo wachangu kwambiri. Museum achipembedzo ku St. Petersburg kusiyana bwinobwino. ndodo yake anapita pa maulendo kuti ngodya zosiyanasiyana akumidzi a Russia ndi kunja, zosonkhanitsira kudzadza ndi zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho latsopano, amakonda kutsegula zisudzo watsopano, kusintha anthu alipo.

khalidwe kufanana lalikulu sayansi ndi kufalitsa ntchito. Mu 1935, panali kafukufuku wa sayansi kucheza, amene maphunziro kale anasonkhana Kutolere pa Museum wa chipembedzo. Pofika kumayambiriro kwa 1941, expositions onse ambiri akhala mwaukadaulo kukulitsa muli ambiri mfundo yofunikira kwambiri za mbiri ndi chitukuko cha zikhulupiriro za anthu osiyanasiyana.

Mosadziwa antireligious chionetserocho anali lidzasinthidwa mabungwe akuluakulu maphunziro kuchita zinthu maphunziro.

Museum panthawi ya nkhondo

The Great kukonda dziko lako nkhondo anakhala ndi vuto loopsa kwa dziko lathu ndi anthu ake. Tisaiwale zimene mayeso anagwa ku gawo la Leningrad ndi anthu ake, amene osati akukhala m'nyumba woipa mtima, iwo ntchito ndi kusunga chuma chamtengo wapatali a mumzinda wakwawo.

Ambiri mwa ndodo ya Museum wa chipembedzo mu St. Petersburg (Leningrad) anapita kutsogolo, ndi anthu ochepa anakhalabe deta. Ngakhale kuti pafupifupi chionetserocho anapulumutsidwa, ndodo anatha kukonza zisudzo angapo mu anazinga Leningrad.

Pambuyo 1945 anayamba zolimba ntchito kalavulagaga kubwezeretsa zotolera za Museum wa chipembedzo mu St. Petersburg. Iwo anali lowonongeka nyumba, mu zipinda zake anakakhala ozizira ndi konyowa, amene akanakhoza kwambiri kuvulaza zopereka lapansi. Wogwila anali kuphatikiza zinthu zake pakati sayansi ndi ntchito kubwezeretsa nyumba ndi zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho.

Mwatsoka, pambuyo pa nkhondo sanakhale mutu okhazikika cha nyumbayi - V. G. Bogoraza ndi kasamalidwe mzinda anasankha kuti kuphatikiza pa zinthu zakale achipembedzo a Moscow ndi Leningrad ndi gulu la zisudzo ku likulu. Koma dongosolo anapita awry - Moscow owonetsera zakale zosonkhanitsira anagwidwa Kazan Cathedral, chimene inakonzedwanso mu 1948.

Bwererani ku mawu akale

Mu zaka zao za sikisite Mu zaka zapitazo, malingaliro a Soviet Union kachiwiri itakula propaganda kulibe Mulungu. Mu 1954 m'nyumbayi anadzatchedwa - izo ankatchedwa Museum of Religion ndipo kulibe Mulungu. Chotero, izo kusintha kumene ntchito yake - izo amaganiza kuti nkhani za kafukufuku tsopano anali kukhala chipembedzo odana ndi sayansi, ndipo izo tikulimbikitsidwa kusintha kukhudzana, kuti kulibe Mulungu ankawonekera yekha mfundo sizoona kwa munthu Union.

The nyumba yatsopano

gawo latsopano chitukuko State. Museum of History ndi chipembedzo ku St. Petersburg idayamba nineties Mu zaka zapitazo, pamene lonse dziko, kubwezeretsa kwa mbiri nyumba anawononga kapena lotseka m'nyengo Soviet. yoweyula sangathe bwanji ndi Kazan Cathedral, m'nyumbayi anakhala kotero mwamsanga kukatenga chipinda china.

Suli kutali Square St. Isake anasankhidwa malo kwa Museum wa chipembedzo mu St. Petersburg. Adiresi ya nyumba yatsopano - up. Pochtamtskaya, 15/4. Kumanga chofunika kubwezeretsa lalikulu, ndipo ine ndiyenera kunena kuti zinachitikadi kutenga nkhani zofunika za nyumbayi. Pomanga ndi ntchito liza iwo anayesa kuti azolowere zosowa za anthu ambiri a nyumbayi. Iye anasintha dzina - The State Museum wa History of Religion mu St. Petersburg. Pa malo atsopano amene amagwira ntchito kuyambira mu 2001.

zopereka ake anasamuka ku zipinda lalikulu ndi lalitali wa Kazan Cathedral mu kwambiri yaying'ono, koma yowala zipinda. Museum ndodo anali yolenganso chionetserocho. Mu masiku ano, pomwe gulu mavuto m'mbuyomu, ndi mbalume zonse maganizo taiwala, Museum wa St. Petersburg ndi chipembedzo amauza alendo timudziwe bwino zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho wapatali chimene kumuuza za mbali lachinsinsi la moyo wa munthu - chikhulupiriro.

kukhudzana

Takambirana kale zoti lero ndalama owonetsera zakale lili ndi mazana awiri zikwi zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho zosonyeza mbiri ya zipembedzo dziko, magulu ndi zikhulupiriro za anthu osiyanasiyana. Izi zojambula ndi kupenta zovala khalidwe miyambo ndi chipembedzo mipukutu ndi mabuku, nkhani za zitsulo zamtengo wapatali ndi zoimbira, kusonkhanitsa masitampu ndi ndalama, video, chithunzi, audio.

zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho onse anawagawa ndalama khumi, omwe amamuyeretsa nkhani payekha. zinthu zonse oonetsa mawonekedwe a zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho, anakonza mu dongosolo linalake - alendo kusuntha yakale ku Zapakati, ndipo ndipo umasamutsidwa ku kayendedwe kenako achipembedzo. Kumveka ndi ulemerero wa maholo kwalimbitsa kuganiza kwa kafukufukuyu.

M'nyumbayi makamu ambiri pazithunzi, omwe amadzipereka ndi zipembedzo zikuluzikulu padzikoli. Maulendo anachezeredwa ndi anthu a mibadwo yonse - kuchokera ana pensioners, zambiri pali alendo yachilendo. Pakuti aliyense m'gulu, mukhoza kusankha pulogalamu chidwi - za moyo wina pambuyo ku Egypt, ndi zizindikiro zina zachipembedzo, amonke ndi asing'anga a Siberia, za zinthu zosowa zipembedzo ndi za recluse wotchuka. alendo Little zimaperekedwa zochitika zapadera.

Kuwonjezera pazithunzi, Museum wa misonkhano sayansi ndi nkhani laibulale. Ambiri a alendowo wokhutitsidwa kuti amatsogolera mudziwe amaperekedwa bwino ndipo akupezeka, koma ndi sayansi. Iwo sanapatsidwe mmalo chipembedzo chirichonse, palibe propaganda kulibe Mulungu, ndipo ngakhale palibe holo owonetsera zakale lero odzipereka kwa iye.

Mu miyala ya chobisika ndi kutolera zipangizo za wozunzikirapo wa kusaka, imene nthawi olden anali anasonyeza mu chapansi wa Kazan Cathedral.

owonetsera zakale Features

Kupita ku chipinda kwa chipinda, alendo poyerekeza mmene maganizo wosinthika kwa Mulungu anthu a zipembedzo zosiyanasiyana, koma pa nthawi yomweyo pamene ulendo umatha, nkhani yoti pali Mulungu kapena ayi, lotsegukabe. Atasamukira ku malo atsopano a nyumbayi anachotsa kufotokoza ndi ena miyambo kuti akhoza mantha alendo (Mwachitsanzo, zida kuzunzidwa).

Pamodzi ndi zoti kulibe Mulungu, alibe nyumba zawozawo ena mipatuko. Mwachitsanzo, Abaptisti, amene ali wotchuka kwambiri mu United States, sanapeze malo awo mu nyumbayi.

Kodi kumeneko?

nyumbayi ili pafupi Cathedral St. Isake. Mukhoza pano, kutenga kuchokera okwerera sitima siteshoni "Admiralty". msewu adzatenga zosaposa mphindi makumi awiri.

mitengo tikiti

Ife kudziwitsa anthu onse ofuna kukaona Museum la chipembedzo mu St. Petersburg: malipiro a matikiti akuluakulu - 400 rubles. Pakuti pensioners (pa ulaliki wa ID) - 85 rubles. Ophunzira (wophunzira ID chofunika) - 100 rubles. Ophunzira sekondale - 100 rubles. Mlendo - 300 rubles. Lolemba loyamba la mwezi uliwonse khomo nyumbayi ndi ufulu.