Small intestine: kufotokoza, kapangidwe ndi ntchito

Kodi kucheza ndi wochepa thupi ndi m'mimba? ndi mbali ya mbali ankaimira pa mundawo m'mimba chiyani? Kodi udindo wa ang'ono intestine kusewera mu ndondomeko ya mayamwidwe zakudya chiyani? Tidzayensa awa ndi zina mafunso amagonjera ndi.

Part za m'mimba ka munthu

Kusiyanitsa ochepa matumbo:

1. Duodenum zikugwirizana m'dera m'mimba wokhotakhota. Izi koyamba yaing'ono intestine ndipamene kuzungulira padziko kapamba horseshoe. duodenum The pafupifupi kwathunthu ili mu M'mimbamo retroperitoneal. Beyond malire a malo okha mafuta ake ang'ono - ampoule.
2. Jejunum ndipamene chapamwamba yaing'ono intestine. Kuperekedwa mu mawonekedwe a zingwe zopota asanu kuti kugona kumanzere kwa peritoneum lapansi.
3. Ileum m'dera m'munsi lamanja la pamimba. Ake kumapeto kwa kuzungulira akudutsa mu malo m'chiuno. The ileum chikugwirizana ndi mzere ndipo umakhala pafupi chikhodzodzo, chiberekero (akazi).

magawo thupi

Zigawo pamwamba za m'mimba yaing'ono mbali zosiyana ndi awiri m'goli. Mu wapotalikira zone index ndi 2-3 masentimita proximal kwa - 4-6. The makulidwe a linga matumbo ndi wofanana ndi mamilimita 2-3, nufikira 4.5 pa nkhani ya kuchepetsa minofu. Kutalika za m'mimba yaing'ono wonse kungakhale mamita 5-6. Pa nthawi yomweyo ake kulemera aakulu pafupifupi 650

Small intestine: m'madipatimenti, ntchito,

Akuluakulu chimbudzi njira akutenga malo a intestine yaing'ono. Nembanemba mucous ya minofu m'dera umabala kwakukulu kuchuluka kwa enzyme yogwira. Iwo kukonzedwa hummus - chakudya phala analengedwa ndi timadziti muzituluka. Pano zinthu zothandiza ali odzipereka mu lymph ndi magazi capillaries kuti kupereka mayendedwe awo zimakhala ndi machitidwe limba. Taganizirani zimene zimagwira ntchito zimagwiridwa ndi zigawo za m'mimba towerengeka;

• Duodenum - ndi hydrolysis mapulotini, chakudya, mafuta. Imakhala ndi kupanga yogwira michere m'mimba. Njira undigested particles chakudya ya ndulu mayendedwe a zili m'mimba.
• Jejunum - mota, suction, ntchito m'thupi, ndi hydrolysis wa ma polima.
• Iliac m'dera - zoyendera ndi galimoto ntchito. Imakhala mayamwidwe zinthu zimene anapanga ndi hydrolysis. Kuyenga ya ndulu zidulo.

Luso maselo za m'mimba yaing'ono kwa kupanga timadzi

Ulimi wa mahomoni amachita ngati ntchito zenizeni minofu wamba. Part za m'mimba zazing'ono osati mbali pa mundawo m'mimba, komanso mbali ya dongosolo endocrine. Amalima mndandanda lonse mahomoni kuti zonse zoyendera ndi galimoto ntchito za m'mimba ndi m'mimba.

Mu intestine yaing'ono kuganizira pafupi maselo endocrine:

• I-maselo - kubala cholecystokinin;
• D-maselo - somatostatin;
• M-maselo - motilin;
• G-maselo - gastrin;
• K-maselo - shuga amadalira insulinotropic polypeptide;
• S- maselo - secretin.

Zambiri za maselo timadzi yotulutsa ili mu jejunum ndi duodenum. Small gawo la iwo - mu iliac lapansi.

Kodi chimbudzi mu intestine ang'ono?

Chimbudzi mu intestine yaing'ono motere. Pre-ankachitira malovu ndi chapamimba madzi zamkati akubwera kuchokera m'mimba ndi acidic. Mu intestine yaing'ono misa ukufanizidwa ndi kuukira zamchere. Choncho zinthu mulingo woyenera processing zakudya michere. Pogawanikana pamawere zigawo zikuluzikulu mapuloteni wa slurry chakudya zimakhudza zinthu zotsatirazi timadziti matumbo:

1. Michere enterokinase, kinazogen, trypsin kukonzedwa mapuloteni yosavuta.
2. Erepsin cleaves mapeputisayidi mu amino zidulo.
3. Nuclease magawo kuwutsata maselo a magwero zomanga thupi, lotchedwa nucleoproteins.
4. Michere maltase, phosphatase, amylase ndi lactase kuphwanya chakudya.
5. Lipase otembenuka mafuta.

Pambuyo kaphatikizidwe wa zinthu zofunikira kuchokera zamkati chakudya ndi mankhwala ndi michere, proteinaceous ndi zimam'patsa m'nyanjazi ndi chosakanikirana ndi villi za m'mimba yaing'ono. Komanso kufufuza zinthu kanthu pa capillaries venous mu minofu chiwindi. Poyankha, mafuta ndi wotumidwa kwa dongosolo lymphatic.

Matenda za m'mimba ang'onoang'ono

The matenda ambiri zokhudza intestine ang'ono, ndi kutsekula ndi chopondapo kuchedwa m'njira. matenda Defecation nthawi zambiri limodzi ndi chitukuko cha ululu peritoneum lapansi. Nthawi zambiri, mwina poyizoni ndi matenda za m'mimba yaing'ono pali flatulence. Pankhaniyi, ululu ndi lalifupi, lochepa si chinthu chachikulu kusapeza lapansi.

A chizindikiro wamba zolakwa mu ntchito za m'mimba kakang'ono - kugunda mu peritoneum ndi vuto la kayendedwe atypical m'mimba. Nthawi zambiri, zizindikiro izi ndizo zotsatira za kupanga mafuta ochuluka kumwa nyemba, kabichi, mbatata, rye mkate. Kwambiri timapitiriza zizindikiro zimenezi kungakhale usiku.

Pakuti mavuto aakulu kwambiri chifukwa mu kulephera kupanga michere ndi akuwaza wa chyme pa micronutrients. Ngati chimbudzi chifukwa mayamwidwe zinthu m'zotengera magazi ndi lymph, zimachokeradi bwino, izo kungayambitse kuwonda, zofooketsa za mafupa ndi minofu minofu. Zotsatira za kudzimbidwa zambiri tsitsi imfa, khungu youma, maonekedwe a kutupa mu malekezero.

Pali zinthu zingapo zofunika zimene zingawatayitse chitukuko cha pathologies mu intestine towerengeka;

• Malabsorption - malabsorption zakudya.
• Maldigestion - otsika m'mimba ntchito.

Ngati ife kulankhula za kuchepa khalidwe la processing chakudya slurry, ndi zochitika zofanana zimachitika ndi maziko a misinkhu otsika michere mu timadziti ndi matumbo. Low nayonso mphamvu ukhoza kukhala nazo ndiponso chibadwa. Kawirikawiri dongosolo kudwala protrude chifukwa cha kutupa aakulu, matenda endocrine, zikunena opaleshoni.

diagnostics

Matenda chitukuko cha matenda matumbo, akatswiri ayamba njira zimenezi wa kufufuza:

• kapisozi Kupenda;
• SPL;
• colonoscopy;
• endoscopy;
• fibroscopy;
• radiography.

Pankhani kuwunika, pali anapereka njira muyezo. Wodwala rents chopondapo chitsanzo, magazi amatengedwa. Manyi amayesedwa pamaso pa mphutsi. Mu kuphunzira kwa mwazi n'komwe liwiro kayendedwe ka maselo ofiira a magazi. Komanso, kuchita diagnostics, amene amalola kuti aone chiwindi ndi chithokomiro England.

chithandizo

Therapy umalimbana kubwezeretsa ntchito za m'mimba wamng'ono kumatanthauza, poyamba pa zonse, kuwonongedwa kwa matenda chachikulu. Ndi wopanda michere mu timadziti ndi matumbo kutenga kukonzekera munali iwo mmalo kupanga. Izi kuwonda akapatsidwa zikutanthauza kuti zakudya parenteral zimakhala. Monga mbali ya kukhalapo posachedwapa wa emulsion kunyama, amino zidulo, hydrolysates mapuloteni, kuikapo maganizo shuga.

Ngati mavuto chifukwa cha dysbiosis matumbo, mankhwala mankhwala. Yotsirizira kungakhale tsankho kapena wathunthu chiwonongeko cha zomera opindulitsa. Pachifukwa ichi, pambuyo mankhwala wodwala amafuna chikuonetseratu "Bifikol", "Lactobacterin" kapena "kolibakterin" - mankhwala kwachilengedwenso yoyipa zabwino kubwezeretsa biocenosis matumbo.

Nthawi zambiri, odwala amene amadwala matenda a intestine yaing'ono, amapatsidwa kulandira mankhwala omwe amachititsa ndowe chisindikizo. Zikuphatikizapo mankhwala ndi okhutira mkulu wa calcium, bismuth. Ngati mapangidwe ndowe madzi amachititsa osakwanira guluu wolimba mafuta zidulo, kuti vutolo ayamba kugwiritsa ntchito adamulowetsa mpweya. Zonse mwa zochitika pamwamba zoipa amafuna chisanadze mankhwala kwa dokotala. Kubweretsa intestine yaing'ono mwakale, ndikofunika ndekha, matenda yake ndipo mwina okwanira mankhwala anayamba katswiri.

pomaliza

Kotero ife kuyang'ana pa lokha ndi magulu ang'ono intestine, kapangidwe akuimira mbali pa mundawo m'mimba. Monga mukuonera, minofu m'dera amagwira ntchito processing chakudya, komanso yogawanika mu mchere osiyana. Small intestine umabala michere, mavitamini, mahomoni, nthumwi kuti tizikonda ntchito m'thupi. Pa nthawi yomweyo pakutchulidwa wa akusowa mabakiteriya amaonanso kuti moyo pa makoma ake, zonse zimabweretsa chitukuko cha zinthu pathological.