Siberia Lemming: kufotokoza, kubereka, zakudya

Lemmings - ang'ono makoswe kuti moyo mu nkhalango ndi Titafika pamalo a North America Europe ndi ku Asia. Pali mitundu yambiri ya nyama zimenezi. Choncho, lemming Siberia wamba mu Kamchatka ndi ambiri zilumba Arctic ya Arctic Titafika pamalo.

M'nkhaniyi, tiphunzira zambiri zokhudza nyama: kodi iwo kudya, momwe kuyang'ana, moyo ndi mtundu.

inafikira

lemming Izi amakhala Titafika pamalo a Europe ndi ku Asia, pakati pa mitsinje ya kumpoto Dvina ndi Onega mtsinje malire m'munsi mwa Kolyma Mtsinje. Komanso amakhala pachilumba monga White, Vaigach, Novosibirsk, Wrangel. Kwenikweni, malire a kum'mwera kwa osiyanasiyana chikugwirizana ndi mbali ya kumpoto m'nkhalango Titafika pamalo. Wakutali anthu osiyana anati mu zithaphwi nayonso Kolyma m'zigwa.

kusintha malo osiyanasiyana

Tikumbukenso kuti njira kumtunda amalembedwa kuchepa kukula malinga ndi malangizo. Choncho, lemming pa Titafika pamalo kumadzulo amakhala ndi amachepetsa waukulu kwambiri malangizo kum'mawa. Pa yemweyo bulauni-ocher mtundu m'malo malankhulidwe wakuda, yaitaliyo masaya, m'chiuno ndi kutsikira torso, motero anazimiririka mdima dorsal lamizeremizere. Zima ochekenera akutembenukira imvi ndi brightens. Nyama Siberia Islands zimangokhala zoyera. Komanso tisaiwale kuti chilumba ndipamene kumtunda wokulirapo.

maonekedwe

Lemming - nyama kuti ndi wa rodent yochepa towerengeka; thupi lake kutalika - 18 cm, ndi mchira - 17 mm. Akafika kulemera 130 ga, pamene ikakhala yolemera amuna akazi ndi 10%. Nyimboyi onse a nyama - pabuka-chikasu ndi kusakanizikana ka malankhulidwe brownish ndi imvi. Pa lokwera wa mphuno kwa mchira kwenikweni ndi woonda wakuda Mzere. Boca masaya ndi kowala dzimbiri kum'chitira; wotumbululuka yochitidwa mimba, nthawi ndi zowawa za chikasu. M'dera la makutu ndi maso ndi mdima akakufunsani magulu.

Pa rump wakuda banga ndi khalidwe la nyama za. Wrangel ndi Islands Chatsopano Siberia. Zima ubweya dimmer ndi opepuka yotentha nthawi pafupifupi woyera, woonda Mzere kumbuyo kwa bulauni mthunzi kuwala. subspecies kumtunda penapake ang'onoang'ono chokhala; mofulumira mwapang'onopang'ono Mzere ndi kuchepetsa kukula zimawonedwa ina easterly. Diploid chiwerengero DNA - 50 zidutswa.

kubalana

Siberia lemming wakhama kwambiri. Choncho, akazi kutchera ku pups 3 mpaka 5 6 maulendo chaka. Nthawi iwo zimaswana okha ambiri. Pankhaniyi pali kusowa kwa chakudya, kenako nyama akuchita misa resettlement, pamene akusuntha mu mzere woongoka, ngati dzombe, kudya zonse ndiponso kuti kutafuna pa.

The chakudya pa lemmings?

Iwo makamaka kudya sedges, nthawi zina nthambi za zitsamba. Kudya komanso zina zipatso, tizilombo kudziluma antlers, nyama kale anataya. Ngati inu muganize zimene kudya lemmings m'nyengo yozizira Dziwani kuti nthawi zina kudziluma ndere ndi Moss pa munda za mita ndi theka. Pamene chisanu ndi tikaumbike, zambiri pamwamba.

njira ya moyo

Pa yopapatiza-skulled vole ndi ungulates lemmings ndi ambiri mtundu wa rodent Titafika pamalo. Nambala lalikulu ukufika polygonal, ndi tussock Titafika pamalo kumveka ndi bwino anayamba sedge-Moss. Lemming chikupezeka, ndi chithunzi chimene m'nkhani ino, mu mchigwa cha nyanja ndi mitsinje otsika phiri foothill sedge-chitsamba chilichonse Titafika pamalo kwa m'madambo. Likulowerera kudzera zithaphwi mu zone ya nkhalango.

The prerequisites kwa malo a nyama ndi kupezeka kwa chakudya ndi malo yabwino yomanga kamakumba una (peat ndi dothi n'chodabwitsa, sphagnum Moss ndi mapilo). Titafika pamalo polygonal (a microrelief mu mawonekedwe a polygons zikuluzikulu, zimene zidzasankhidwa chisanu ming'alu) Lemming (chithunzi nyama angapezeke mu nkhani iyi) tikukhala mu ming'alu ya peat wosanjikiza, pamene iwo ntchito ndi kayendedwe ka kudya.

Mbali khalidwe la nyama ndi kukhala pansi chisanu mbali yaikulu ya chaka. M'nyengo yozizira iwo amagwira ku madera osiyana ndi chisanu chivundikiro mu 0.5-1 mamita: mabedi mitsinje, mitsinje, Titafika pamalo nyanja youma ndi marshlands. Adzamvetsere chimachititsanso pansi chisanu, ozungulira kumanga zisa za nsanza osiyana zomera ndi kukumba chisanu chipinda. M'nyengo yozizira, ndi lemming Siberia amakhala kosangalatsa.

Pa chipale kusungunuka madzi anatsanulira chiwerengero cha nyama, ndipo kusamukira ku thawed, kenako mfundo m'chilimwe malo. Pali pa okwera wamng'ono kukumba kamakumba una yosavuta. Iwo kugwira m'misasa zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe. Pamwamba amaika mumsewu chimachititsa kuti malo kudya. Akazi achikulire mu nthawi chipale ufulu bwino anasonyeza territoriality; zaumbanda ndi wamkulu amuna kuyendayenda m'dziko ndithu mosintha, kuima m'misasa zosiyanasiyana zosakhalitsa.

mphamvu

Tikumbukenso kuti chiwerengero cha nyama zosiyana kwambiri: nthawi zina sizingatheke kukumana nthawi (zaka 5) nyama scurrying kulikonse, si mantha ndi munthu, ndi m'malo aukali. M'zaka zimenezi, umachuluka mu malo omwewo ndipo chiwerengero cha lemming kozizira, chiwerengero cha voles banki - mu nkhalango.

Siberia lemming pa nthawi imeneyi madzi anasefukira zigwa phiri ndi m'midzi, nthawi zina kuyesera kusambira kudutsa Magombe ndi mitsinje ndi kufa chachikulu. Pamene ambiri madera ake a makoswe chiyani kukhazikika ndi mzake angakhale aukali. Pamene kusamuka izi zikhoza kuoneka kayendedwe ndi gulu, ngakhale aliyense lemming kwenikweni kusuntha nokha, ndipo okha mavuto kunja nthawi zina amakakamizidwa kubwera pamodzi.