Sayansi magazi: ponseponse ndi kupatuka

Magazi sayansi (ponseponse ukufanizidwa mu tebulo wapadera) Bwaloli njira maphunziro a zasayansi cholinga kuonanso ntchito ya ziwalo ndi kusowa ena a kufufuza zinthu mwa thupi. kusanthula izi ntchito zosiyanasiyana za mankhwala, kwa mankhwala ndi kuthetsa matenda achikazi.

Nkofunika apa kuti atayezetsa limachititsa kudziwa malfunctions ziwalo adakali palibe zizindikiro zakunja ndi dongosolo awo si bwanji, ndiye, pamene kuyan'anila ali ndi mmene amagwirira ntchito.

Kodi sayansi magazi (malamulo akufotokozera gome), wodwala akutengedwa 5-10 ml ya magazi venous (mu chigongono), kumene amasonyeza zigawo zikuluzikulu zomwe ndi kuunikira boma thanzi lake.

kusanthula Ichi chizathandiza kuphunzira zizindikiro zotsatirazi: mapulotini, michere, chakudya, lipids, inki ndi mavitamini, zinthu zochita kupanga ndi maselo kulemera nitrogenous mankhwala otsika.

Mankhwala pali ena umagwirira magazi malamulo operekedwa mu chiwerengero cha zizindikiro, zimene ziyenera kukhala ena jenda ndi msinkhu mu mwazi wa munthu. Ndiko, kwa ena msinkhu ndi kugonana, pali malamulo a ntchito yawo. malire izi zakonzedwa anthu athanzi, kotero zolakwika aliyense amaonedwa monga zizindikiro za malfunctions osiyana mu thupi, makamaka, ndondomeko yake ndi ziwalo.

Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane njira kafukufuku magazi sayansi (yachibadwa ndi zolakwika kwa amuna ndi akazi), makamaka imodzi zizindikiro zake.

1. Chakudya (fructose, shuga). chizindikiro ichi zimadalira shuga magazi. Wakudziko imatengedwa kuti: shuga - 3.5 kuti 5.5 mmol / l kwa akazi ndi amuna, fructosamine - kuchokera 205 mpaka 285 pmol / l.

Magazi sayansi akhoza kudziwa matenda monga matenda a shuga ndi matenda osiyanasiyana a dongosolo endocrine. Choncho, kuchuluka kwa mlingo shuga mwina zimasonyeza chitukuko cha matenda a shuga, ndi zingachitikenso mu thyrotoxicosis, acromegaly, maganizo nkhawa, matenda Cushing a, kapamba kapena pancreatic chotupa.

Kutsitsa misinkhu shuga magazi zingasonyeze njala, chitukuko chotupa kusokoneza zopangitsa za endocrine, komanso poizoni, galactosemia, ndi zina zotero.

2. inki (Bilirubin - n'komwe mwachindunji). Amaona kuti ponseponse: bilirubin - 5 mpaka 20 mol / l, mwachindunji bilirubin - kuchokera 0 kuti 3.5 mol / l ..

chizindikiro Izi zimathandiza kudziwa chifukwa cha matenda a chikasu ndiyo, komanso kuti aone kukula kwa matendawa. Kuchuluka bilirubin zingasonyeze chitukuko cha khansa matenda, matenda a chiwindi, ndi matenda enaake, cholecystitis.

3. lipids (mafuta m'thupi, triglyceride). Magazi sayansi (ponseponse.): Mafuta - kuchokera timadontho-timadontho 3 mpaka 6 / l, triglycerides - kanjedza zingasiyane malingana ndi msinkhu. Choncho, akazi ku 0,34 kuti 2.9 Nchito mmol / L amuna ndi 0,40 kuti 2,71 mmol / l.

Kusintha magawo izi zingasonyeze chitukuko za matenda, kunenepa, atherosclerosis, matenda a shuga, uchidakwa, matenda a chiwindi.

4. zinthu Mankwala, mavitamini. Wakudziko ankaganiza potaziyamu - pa 4 ndi 5.5 mmol / l Sodium - kuchokera 36 mpaka 145 mmol / l, ndi calcium -. 2 2.5 mmol / l. Mankhwala -. 98 ku 107 mmol / l, ndi phosphorous - kuchokera 1.5 kuti 2 mmol / l, ndi chitsulo -. Kuchokera 30,43 kuti 7,16 mmol / l. ndi magnesium - kuchokera 0,65 kuti 1,05 mmol / l.

kuvutika zosiyanasiyana zingasonyeze chitukuko cha kufooka kwa mafupa, shuga, ndi matenda enaake, congestive kulephera mtima, uchidakwa ndi zina zotero.

5. zinthu Nitrogenous (urea, ndi asidi uric ndi creatinine). Magazi sayansi (ponseponse) urea - kuchokera 2.5 kuti 6.4 mmol / l, asidi uric, - kuchokera 150 mpaka 350 pmol / L, creatinine - 53-97 pmol / L (akazi), 62-115 pmol / .. L (amuna).

zolakwika aliyense mwakale angathe kuonedwa monga zizindikiro za kukanika aimpso, matenda thirakiti mkodzo, toxemia wa mimba, ndi zina zotero.