Russian steppe woyendera nthambi. Flora ndi zinyama

Russian steppe woyendera nthambi - kum'mwera kwa East European Plain, Western Siberia, komanso kum'mawa, amene ataphimbidwa ndi steppes kuti m'tsinde mwa Altai ndi Baikal. Mu steppe woyendera nthambi m'chilimwe zambiri ofunda, ndi mpweya zochepa ndi yozizira. Mvula ndi za 200-450 mamilimita pa chaka. Mu chilimwe, mpweya amayenda ya Atlantic ndi chifukwa cha kutalikirana izo bwino mu America.

steppe woyendera nthambi ali pati wamkulu, amene amalenga heterogeneity nyengo yake. Mwachitsanzo, m'nyengo yozizira zingaoneke chodabwitsa kuti: ukusunthira zina kum'mawa, yaitali yozizira ndi zambiri ndi ozizira. Ndipo ngati ife kusuntha kuchokera kumadzulo kupita kum'mawa, izo kwambiri amachepetsa cloudiness ndi mpweya, umene ndi pafupifupi 500-300 mamilimita pa chaka. Mu nyengo iyi kale zizindikiro za chokhala ndi iye amayang'ana steppe dziko ndipo, ndithudi, chimasintha nyama ndi zomera.

Popeza mvula pang'ono ndi mkulu evaporation, Russian steppe woyendera nthambi zambiri ali paulimi. Mitsinje ndi zapamtundu ndi adzauma m'chilimwe konse. Steppe woyendera nthambi - ndi kusapezeka mosalekeza nkhalango ndi predominance wa malo achilengedwe. Apa kwathunthu chogwidwa ndi zomera herbaceous, pa mazana lonse nyanja ya makilomita zitsamba onunkhira. The ambiri kawirikawiri anakumana: steppe Mapila fescue, nthenga udzu, crested ndi bluegrass, koma forb udzu anasankhidwa m'madera a kumpoto.

Zone steppe kumpoto limapangidwa humus ndi humus nthaka za 8-10%, ndi kum'mwera, mlingo ali ayanjane 6% kale. Pamene kusuntha zina kum'mwera, mu sagebrush-fescue steppe, wouma busa chivundikiro kwambiri ochepa ndi kulamuliridwa ndi okhutira otsika manyowa, zimene zina zosakwana 3-4% ya nthaka bulauni.

Pali masoka zone steppe wa mitundu yambiri: chitsamba chilichonse, udzu, nthenga udzu ndi chowawa. Chikhalidwe cha chivundikirocho umakhudza dongosolo nthaka ndi mawonekedwe a padziko lapansi.

The steppe ndi nthawi zonse moyo, ndi chifukwa kuti - udzu. Ndicho, lili malo ogona ndi chakudya cha mitundu ya nyama. Panopa pali oposa 50 mitundu ya nyama ndi mitundu 250 ya mbalame. chimodzi chokha rodent ambiri: mbewa, voles, hamsters, mbewa yoyenda modumpha, marmots. Iwo amakonda kukhala bwino ndinazolowera chilengedwe ndipo ndaphunzira bwino masked ndi adani ambiri, chifukwa adaphunzitsa m'dera zachilengedwezi.

The steppe ladzala ndi mbalame monga harriers yochitidwa Merlin, larks, Imperial mphungu. demoiselle. N'kuthekanso monga mbalame monga mwala curlew, bustards, bustards pang'ono, sociable Lapwing ndi lachikasu miyendo buttonquail. Amasamala kwambiri, monga kuyenda m'minda afesedwa. Mukhoza kuona partridges imvi ndi bearded ndi quails nimble.

Steppe woyendera nthambi ndi malo wangwiro gerbils. Ngakhale wandiweyani ake, kuchititsa mpira thupi, chimachititsanso nyama ndi kudumpha mofulumira pa miyendo yake kunsana pamene yosamalira kayendedwe onse mchira. Liwiro ndipo mwamsanga zochita ofunika izo, chifukwa ndi zofunika nyama cha adani m'dera - nkhandwe ndi weasels.

Mbalame zimathanso lekani kusakasaka chokoma nyama kwa mphindi, kotero miyendo kutsogolo ku makoswe ndi zocheperapo mmbuyo, ndipo iwo ali kudya kwambiri othamanga. Palinso nyama sanadzisiyira pothawirapo pake - m'dziko. Ndi chenicheni zofukulidwa, ndipo zikuphatikiza zokor ndi makoswe Mole. Steppe Nyerere komanso si utsalira iwo, ndi kumamanga nyumba otchuka pansi pa dziko ndipo pamwamba pake.

Yogwira hamsters, voles, ndi makoswe Mole adzatsekeredwa kusunga nkhokwe chakudya, amene asonkhanitsa ndi iwo mu chirimwe, mu kamakumba una yaing'ono. Steppe mbewa digs mulu yaing'ono kapena "barrows" ndipo amabisa mu chakudya chake. Pika amakonda onunkhira udzu, iye makutu mu mulu ndi bwino mwachindunji pa khomo burrow ake. Nyama hoofed Ambiri agwape. Iye ali sharpness kwambiri za masomphenya, ndipo zimenezi zimamuthandiza munthawi ya ngozi, koma ambiri alibe wolingana pa liwiro kuthamanga.