Russia m'zaka za m'ma 20. Relations ndi mphamvu dziko

Russian m'ma 20 ankaona wamphamvu Eurasian mphamvu. Dziko lili ndi chidwi kwambiri kutchuka lonse.

Kumayambiriro kwa mibadwo 19-20, vuto lonse zachitika pa maziko a kulimbana ndi kusokonekera kwa limati lalikulu la dziko, kulimbitsa analanda dziko mwachindunji (kujowina) a m'madera osiyana ndi kusintha awo ku njuchi ndi.

Russia ndi mfundo yachilendo m'zaka za m'ma 20 zinachitikadi mogwirizana ndi udindo lawolawo, ifeyo, geopolitical ndi zachuma zinthu. Mu nkhani iyi, kusatsatira taonera kusankha malo oyamba ogwirizana. zinthu anali kulimbikitsa ndi kusatsatira ndi njira imene anasankha Nikolai 2 kukhazikitsa zolinga mfundo yachilendo.

Komabe, mbali ya pamwamba boma (Stolypin, Witte), pozindikira kuopsa chitukuko nkhondo kuti modernize dziko, anaumirira ntchito mtendere, mgwirizano wa mayiko njira. Pa nthawi yomweyo Russia m'zaka za m'ma 20, ndi kukhala wochitachita mu nkhani ya Kusiya.

Gawo lina la mabwalo boma (Sazonov, BEZOBRAZOV, etc.), kusewera kwa kupitiriza akupeza dera lawo, anatenga expansionary mochititsa chidwi.

Russia m'zaka za m'ma 20, ali anapitiriza Mthandizi miyambo malangizo mfundo yachilendo. Makamaka, komabe, izo ankaona Middle East. boma Russian ankaoneka Balkan mitundu angakuthandizeni ndi mtetezi. Komabe, chifukwa kulimbitsa kugwirizana ndi iwo, Russia kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 20 anakumana chitsutso cha m'mayiko ena ku Ulaya.

Alliance mu gawo European ndi mayiko monga Austria-Hungary, Germany utakhazikika kwambiri. Sitinganyamuletso zotsatira zabwino mu kukhazikitsidwa ubale ndi matanthauzo opindulitsa ndi misonkhano ambiri ndi German Russian Mfumu. Choncho, udzatha basi zoyesayesa zonse kulenga Chirasha German-French mgwirizano. Pa nthawi yomweyo Russia m'zaka za m'ma 20, pakati zotsutsana kugona ndi Germany, kulimbitsa ubwenzi ndi France, kutha zaka 1891-1893, chabwerera kuyandikira kwa England.

Pambuyo kusaina pangano 1904 pakati pa Britain ndi France, pakati kukula German nkhondo Russian Government linali sanachedwe kuvomereza kwa Anglo-French mgwirizano. Pa nthawi yomweyo, ena zochita Russia sanali amapereka ngakhale England kapena France, amene inamchititsa kufunafuna mgwirizano ndi boma German.

Mu zaka za m'ma 20 Russian Ufumu anayambiranso kulalikira mwakhama kwambiri mu Far East mfundo yachilendo malangizo. Tikumbukenso kuti Far East ndi malo kukopeka inati zonse zazikulu zimene amakonda m'zaka 19 mochedwa.

Nthawi zambiri ine anavutika imperialist mokwiya ya mayiko ambiri m'mbuyo ofooka China. M'midzi (zone ya chikoka) amamuonera Germany, England, France. America (USA) kulalikira chiphunzitso cha "mwayi wofanana ndi makomo otseguka", kutsogolera kumapeto kwa "ukapolo" a China mu dera zachuma. Pakuti Japan, Korea nachokapo, ndi Pescadores Islands, Taiwan.

Boma Japanese Cholinga kutenga otsogolera m'dera Pacific. Kuvomereza chilengedwe cha "Wamkulu Asia" anakonza kulanda anthu Manchuria - m'chigawo kumpoto kum'mawa ku China. Nawonso boma Russian anaopseza kuti malo ndi naye malire Japan Kum'mawa.

Pamodzi ndi mayiko ena, Russia wakhala akuyesetsa kukhala mwini Far East ndi mabacteria ya chikoka. Mu 1896, iye anamaliza ndi kumbuyo mgwirizano ndi China ndi Japan. Mu Manchuria mu 1900 anali vedeny asilikali Russian. Mu 1903 nkhani Chirasha Japanese pa tsoka la Korea ndi Manchuria anali deadlocked. Iwo anali wolumikizana ndi chilakolako cha mbali zonse yamezedwa mu China. Pa nthawi yomweyo England wapereka thandizo kwa Japan. Mu 1902, a Anglo-Japanese mgwirizano anali anamaliza. Ndipo mu 1904 - anali m'chaka cha mliri wa nkhondo (Russian, Japanese).