Rhododendron, kubzala ndi chisamaliro kum'mwera

The mtundu Rhododendron (Rhododendron) wa banja la Heather (Ericaceae). Mu mtundu zimenezi zimaphatikizapo lalikulu zosiyanasiyana za zitsamba ndi mitengo, deciduous ndi yobiriwira. N'chimodzimodzinso ndi mtundu azalea (ngakhale nthawi zina n'kopanda mu subgenus osiyana). Rhododendrons zimapezeka North America ndi Himalaya, Japan ndi Australia ... zinthu zosiyanasiyana nyengo ku boma kotentha kwa Siberia, ndipo kukula mu Kumwera kwa dziko lapansi. Pa gawo la Russia, mu Siberia, ndi Far East ndi Caucasus, kuthengo kukula 18 mitundu. zomera mwachibadwa umakhala m'tsinde (mu zone ya m'mapiri), m'nkhalango (ngakhale Titafika pamalo), ndipo akhoza kukula mu m'madambo. Kum'mwera kuposa mitundu ina yabwino Rhododendron Caucasus, makamaka Ponto chikasu rhododendron (kubzala ndi chisamaliro cha mitundu awiriwa pafupifupi ofanana.)

Dzina "Rhododendron" zichokela ku maphatikizidwe mawu achigiriki "ananyamuka" - "Rhodon" ndi mtengo - «Dendron». Dzina limeneli limafotokoza bwino ambiri maluwa rhododendrons zambiri. Nthawi zambiri, rhododendron ndipo amatchedwa "Alpine Rose". Ndipotu, kum'mwera n'kosavuta kukula rhododendrons, kumusamalira mosavuta kuposa ananyamuka. Tikhoza kunena kuti zikhalidwe za kum'mwera, izi chomera wodzichepetsa.

Caucasus rhododendron, kubzala ndi chisamaliro

Caucasus rhododendron - wozama chitsamba chilichonse (kutalika kwa meters chimodzi ndi theka) ndi loyera kapena kirimu mtundu (mu Armenia ndi Turkey akukumana mawonekedwe ndi maluwa wotumbululuka pinki), masamba obiriwira, Chimakula mu mapiri ndi m'tsinde (mu zone boma ya m'mapiri). Kakwamba chikhalidwe ayenera kuyesera kuonetsetsa zinthu chomera pafupi ndi masoka. Iwo m'pofunika kudzala rhododendrons pafupi ndi mitengo ikuluikulu (okhawo amene ali ndi mizu mu zigawo zakuya za nthaka pafupi rhododendron zachiphamaso mizu, mu nkhani iyi pakati pawo padzakhala osadzuka kupikisana), koma pa mtunda ichi ambiri a tsiku, iye anaphimba dzuwa. Caucasus rhododendron wangwiro kwa munda thanthwe. Mtundu wa rhododendron ayenera kutetezedwa mphepo. rhododendrons onse (azaleas ndi) amakonda chonde, nkhalango nthaka ndi anachita asidi, ndi bwino yosayenera loamy nthaka wothira tsamba nkhungu. Onani rhododendrons sangakhoze kulekerera nthaka kuti ali ndi anachita zamchere, kotero ndi kosatheka kwa iwo kuti "deoxidizing" fetereza wa nthaka (mwachitsanzo, ntchentche phulusa). Si zabwino iwo ndi nthaka mabodza, kotero muyenera kukonza ngalande kapena rhododendron anabzala pa nsanja (chochuluka chitunda maluwa bedi). Rhododendron, chifukwa dongosolo yaying'ono muzu, mwachilungamo mosavuta kulekerera kumuika.

Pontic rhododendron, kubzala ndi chisamaliro

Rhododendron Ponto, monga dzina lake likunenera, Chimakula mu Black Sea gombe ndi m'tsinde mwa Caucasus. Yobiriwira chitsamba chilichonse, kapena mtengo msinkhu wa mamita 3-6, maluwa ngati bluebells, ali pamodzi inflorescence purplish pinki. Lonse mitundu chilombo m'nkhalango. Chimakula bwino dzuwa, koma akhoza kukula ndi mthunzi tsankho, amafuna nthaka monga rhododendrons onse.

Yellow rhododendron, kubzala ndi chisamaliro

Yellow rhododendron kapena azalea Pontic - kukula mu dera limodzi monga view m'mbuyomu. Izi chitsamba chilichonse deciduous mpaka mamita 2, maluwa May - June. Maluwa chowala chikasu, pamodzi inflorescence ndi onunkhira kwambiri (ntchito onunkhira, koma anthu ena akhoza kuyambitsa kupweteka kwa mutu, kotero nyumba ndi bwino kuika bouquets), zambiri maluwa. Tchire kukula kwambiri. Iye amakonda dzuwa, akhoza kukula mu dothi m'madambo.

Ponto rhododendrons chikasu ndi owopsa, koma pa nthawi yomweyo, ntchito mankhwala.

Posamalira rhododendron? Care ndi chimodzimodzi kwa onse a mitundu pamwamba: kawirikawiri (koma osati wochuluka) kuthirira, mulching pepala Lamulo kapena paini zinyalala (akhoza wadulidwa ndi zouma zitsamba) ndi kuvala feteleza zovuta.