Ra 32 (ndege). Makhalidwe ndi zithunzi

Tsogolo la ndege mu USSR ndi chidwi chifukwa, ngakhale pang'ono belated kuyamba kupanga bwino, okonza Soviet apanga kwambiri. Awiri kapangidwe bureaus, Mil ndi Kamov, anasonyeza kuti dziko kuthekera luso Soviet ndege. Chitsanzo cha bwino akatswiri Soviet akhoza kukhala Ka 32 ndege, zinthu zambiri pasadafike.

Kamov ndi kalembedwe wake

Pamaziko a fakitale experimental ndege, zomwe ziribe kanthu kuti sazidziwa bwinobwino nambala 290, analengedwa mu 1948 KB, ndi inunso malovyrazitelnoe otchedwa «№ 5". Palibe zodabwitsa mu zonse akalozera awa sali mu zaka Stalin ndi mabizinezi zosafuni- akhoza wachinsinsi, ndiyeno, ngati kunapezeka masiku ano ndege patapita nthawi yaitali, anamanga gyroplanes, pafupifupi aiwala. mphamvu anagwirizana pa posachedwapa otgremevshego World've ntchito rotorcraft, Helicopters, si lonse, koma zokwanira IV Stalin anamvetsa chiyembekezo cha mtundu watsopano zida chakuwuluka. Ndege "tate wa mitundu" adamkonda, zinali pansi pa ulamuliro wake maso. Kutsogolera Bureau analangiza Ni Kamov mu 1940 amene anatha kupanga ndi kumanga A-7 autogyro.

Kuyambira pachiyambi, KB wakhazikitsa kalembedwe yake, imene Helicopters Kamov mosavuta anazindikira lero. Mbali yaikulu kukhulupirira ndi kapangidwe coaxial imene rotors awiri zimayenda oppositely matanthauzo akulipira makokedwe. Utsogoleri tinakwera mu nkhani iyi si zofunika.

moyo nyanja

Siyense ndege angathe kugwira ntchito pa nyanja. Ndithudi, ife sindikuyankhula za zouluka pamodzi mzere gombe ndi kuzika pa simenti pansi, kuti makina ndi serviced zinthu m`chombo, anaima pa nsanja lotseguka (aft) natumikira amafuna zatsopano kufufuza ndi kuchenjeza Naval Lamulo. Luso malamulo Pankhaniyi ali ndi vuto lalikulu zovuta, kutsitsi mchere madzi ndi aakulu kukhudzana mumlengalenga zingathe kusokoneza ntchito makinawa, zigawo ndi misonkhano. Soviet chiphunzitso cha asilikali a makumi anai mochedwa mu mawu zotheka ntchito zikuluzikulu ali pansi chitukuko, kotero Kamov amasinthira kuyambira penipeni, ntchito mbali ziwiri. Choyamba, makina anayamba pano akhale oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito pa ndege zonyamulira. Chachiwiri, cholinga chawo, chifukwa cha kusamvetsa zolinga m'tsogolo, ambiri ankayembekezera kuti ndi wosiyanasiyana. Izi mogwirizana ndi a Ka-8, Ka-15, Ka 25, Ka 26 makamaka Ka 32 - pa ndege, abwino kwambiri panyanja, ozimitsa moto, omanga installers, ndi ena ambiri ogwira mtendere, ntchito mu zovuta kwambiri, kuphatikizapo m'madera chinyezi, kuchokera m'madera a zitunda kumalo ozizira mpaka kotentha.

Ngati antisubmarine kuyanjananso galimoto?

Monga zambiri zimachitika nafe, galimoto poyamba analengedwa monga kuphana ndi. The ntchito njira imeneyi kwagona kuti waukulu zodula ntchito chitukuko ikuchitika likuvutika bajeti chitetezo, ndipo iye anali wamkulu mu USSR. Pakuti kutembenuka mtima kwa ndege kusasanyiwa, ndithudi, muyenera kusintha ntchitoyo, koma ndalama si kwakukulu kwambiri monga kulenga makina lonse. Lachitsanzo lalikulu linali sitimayo odana ndi sitima zapamadzi Ka 27, R & D inayamba mu 1969, chifukwa awo anali Ka 32 ndege ali mwamtheradi boma ndi mtendere. The injini zamphamvu ndi chiwembu bwino kuwalola kuti azolowere zosiyanasiyana zofuna mwamsanga chuma cha dziko. Kumbali ya ntchito zake zosiyanasiyana, kudalirika ndi mphamvu luso anzawo padziko lonse, iye sali.

chipangizo

zitsanzo Traditional kwa wapawiri ozungulira Kamov coaxial chiwembu ndi abwino kwa Ka-32. The ndege n'zosavuta ang'ono injini mafuta chopangira mphamvu (awiriwo) pa 2200 ndiyamphamvu anatengera kwa "nkhondo otsiriza", komanso hinge ogwiritsa masamba dongosolo, kuzipatsa pindani kuchepetsa kupalasa ngati mphepo ndi kuchepetsa voliyumu azigwira. zitseko atatu kupereka mofulumira sankakhala adalira m'mipando yawo chomasuka potsegula ndi katundu. The galimotoyo limapangidwa zogwiriziza zinayi, sipangakhalenso ananamizira zonenepa wapadera kutenga madzi ngati n'koyenera. Kugonana Ka 32 ali mooring zipangizo kupeza katundu kulemera matani anayi mkati katundu chipinda. Onse, monga mmene ambiri makina Kamov Design Bureau, chiwembu limakupatsani ntchito malo onse zothandiza kumbuyo cockpit ku chigawo mchira ndipo m'munsimu amagetsi.

Kodi Ka 32?

Pakuti ndege akatswiri anabwera anadabwa ndi mwayi kuti ali wamng'ono Ka-32. Features chidwi, pamene kutalika kwa fuselage basi pa 12 mamita, izo kupsa mosavuta kutsegula kulemera kuposa tonnes 3,7. Pamene ntchito njirayi kuyimitsidwa akunja akhoza ziwonjezeke kwa matani 5. makina Izi zikutipatsa pafupifupi momwe Khalidweli ndi liwiro ofukula 15 m / s. Zimakhala kukasiya kumaloku aliyense mkati mwa utali wozungulira 900 Km. Zonyamula mphamvu - anthu 16. Liwiro munthu zingaoneke zazing'ono, "chinachake basi" 230 ikuthamanga ndi 260 Km / h pazipita, koma pambuyo pa zonse, analenga unit si anagona, ndipo ngakhale choyambirira asilikali antisubmarine Baibulo la Ka 27 udaikidwa kuti azindikire sitima zankhondo, zomwe zimafunika dala zina . Koma mu mamita 6000 wa denga amapereka chitetezo, ngakhale mu mwambo mavuto aakulu nyengo.

Mabaibulo

makina bwino kwambiri moti wakhala ntchito zamanja zambiri chuma cha dziko la USSR komanso kunja. Ka 32 ntchito angathetse zosiyanasiyana. Poyamba, ndege anayamba kumanga mu Mabaibulo zofunikira ziwiri, zoyendera (Ka-32T) ndi cholinga ntchito pa zida za usodzi zombo ndi kumalo ozizira (Ka-32S). The kusinthidwa zoyendera akhoza n'kukhala ukuuluka "ambulansi" chifukwa kuti mu kanyumba inaperekedwa mwayi kukhazikitsa mipando khumi kapena stretchers anayi yovulala, ndi kulandira ambulansi Baibulo zonse.

Ka-32S lakonzedwa ayezi reconnaissance ndi katundu utumiki, kutsogozedwa ndi Chombo mu M'madera a zitunda kumalo ozizira, izo wokwera pa zipangizo zina zapadera chifukwa kujambula mlengalenga panyanja.

Wina udaikidwa "zouluka Kireni" zochokera Ka-32. Moe chidwi ndi luso la makina atamva winch pa nkhani zosiyanasiyana, ndipo kutero modekha kwambiri. Winch chingwe, zokuzira ndi damper wapadera, imapereka mumawaganizira kuti zonse kuti anapulumutsidwa ku mbali ya makina, ndipo mfundo zimenezi zingakhale ndi anthu.

The Ka 32, moto kumenyana Baibulo

Tani payload kungakhale madzi. Kufunika kwa makina amene kuzima moto dziko lathu lalikulu, makamaka poganizira kachitidwe kuwonjezeka kwa nyumba Mipikisano storey. Kuwonjezera madzi opanda mu chitini wapadera, anapachika m'malo katundu kapena zonyamula kanyumba, inu mukhoza kukweza wapadera madzi thobvu lakonzedwa zimalepheretsa moto. Komanso, makina ali n'zotheka kuti asachoke anthu mu ukapolo moto.

Ka 32 kwa katundu

Kamangidwe bwino za makina imayendetsedwa ndi bwino lomwe amakonda mu ziwonetsero lonse mpweya, amene anasonyeza ndipo anasonyeza ndege Ka-32. Photo rotorcraft ndi South Korea, Canada, Malaysia kapena Swiss SENSOR kudziwika zizindikiro chiyani sitiyenera kudabwa aliyense. Mbali yapadera ya chitsanzo ya Soviet ndi Russian ndege nyumba sukuluyi kale mwakhala kudalilika, chomasuka ntchito ndi chomasuka kuphunzitsa oyendetsa yachilendo.

Kusinthidwa ndi wamakono angathe galimoto mkulu, n'zotheka kukhazikitsa ndi avionics zambiri zamakono monga izo zakhala zilipo, kupereka Ka 32 yaitali kumwamba.