Pompeian uvuni. Wood moto uvuni kwa pitsa

Uvuni Pompeian choyamba anaonekera pa expanses wa Iberia. machenjerero oterewa amakhala osiyana amatchedwanso Italy. Unsembe ali miyeso ang'ono, ndi kuzipanga izo mophweka kwambiri. Mwa amenewa ng'anjo, mudzakhala ndi mwayi kukonzekera osati pitsa, komanso chakudya china chilichonse. Komabe, tiyenera kukhala okonzeka kuonetsetsa kuti uvuni si cholinga malo magetsi. Chotero unsembe wa zikhoza kuchitidwa nokha, koma muyenera kukhala wokhoza ntchito chida monga trowel, ndipo grinders.

Kukonzekera njira

Tonsefe bwino pitsa, koma n'zotheka kuphika kunyumba, ntchito uvuni wapadera. Kuti amange kudziletsa anafotokoza zomangamanga, adzakonza njira yapadera kwa zomangamanga. Ziyenera kukhala viscous ndi pulasitiki, koma musati natsekapo ndi chidwi zili madzi, monga zilibe kuzimitsa chimfine. Komanso, osakaniza sayenera kutha.

Magawo Italy ng'anjo

M'ng'anjo mkangano Pompeian nkhuni musati kumasula panthawi ya moto mwaye ndi phula. Muyenera kutsatira maolivi nkhuni, alder kapena mtengo chitumbuwa, izo zikhala wapadera fungo mayeso.

Pompeyi uvuni kuchitidwa mu mawonekedwe a mzikiti ndi moto, amene ali m'mimba mwake mu osiyanasiyana 1 m. Pankhani kutalika mzikiti, chizindikiro ichi ayenera kukhala wolingana ½ m'mimba mwake wa moto Komabe, chithunzi ichi angakhale penapake zochepa, koma zimenezi zili kupanga Neapolitan ng'anjo.

Pompeian ng'anjo ali kuyaka chipinda limene polowera ali ndi mawonekedwe semicircular, kutalika kwake kukhala wofana ndi 60% wa msinkhu wa mzikiti, koma m'chumunicho ayenera kuyikidwa patsogolo, mbali athandizira. Chikukupatsani Moto ndipo ayenera kukhala mwachindunji pa moto, pa khoma, mu malo omwewo pitsa aikidwa.

Ntchito, ozizira mpweya umayenda mwa polowera ozama pansi, pambuyo kutentha limatuluka kuchokera nkhuni moto ndipo iri yofulumira ku mzikiti, kumene encloses mpweya ndi uniformly mu nthawi yochepa, likamatenthetsa danga lamkati, ndipo khoma. Pambuyo mpweya misa kutsikira pakhomo ndi kuchotsedwa ku m'chumunicho a.

Features ntchito yomanga maziko a uvuni Pompeii

M'ng'anjo kumalumikiza kumayamba Pompeian, monga ena ng'anjo, ndi maziko. Pa udindo wake, mungagwiritse ntchito okonzeka zopangidwa analimbitsa slabs konkire. Pre ayenera kukumba dzenje pa pilo wake pansi paketi, womwe wapangidwa wa miyala. The makulidwe lokonzekera ayenera kukhala pafupifupi 30 cm. Ngakhale magawo maziko zocheperapo kukula 190 × 190 × 20 cm. Pamwamba pake kuti wokwera kumbali. mchitidwe Izi ndi zofunika kwa ng'anjo kulera kukonza ndi kutalika, amene kwambiri wosalira ntchito.

Kupanga maimidwe

Pamene anapanga Pompeian uvuni ndi manja ake pa siteji choona ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito njerwa, amene akhoza m'malo ndi midadada konkire. Pali wina njira zimene ndikuyimira. Zimatengera ntchito zitsulo njingayo. Izi zikuluzikulu za ng'anjo ndi mu mawonekedwe a lalikulu bokosi woboola pakati. The Cholinga chachiwiri cha bokosi amasungidwa danga mkati dzenje nkhuni. Ndiye, kuti ntchito nyumba inali yabwino mu thupi lake ndi kofunika kupereka pamaso mabowo.

Kupanga tebulo

Pamene uvuni wapangidwa Pompeian manja awo, ayenera kupatsidwa dongosolo tebulo, amene yakwera padziko choona. Tebulo ayenera kukhala amphamvu ndi yosalala ngati n'kotheka, ndipo zachokera kungakhale konkire, analimbitsa ikuthandizira chimango. The makulidwe a chinthu ichi ayenera kukhala pafupifupi 20 cm. M'chigawo chino ntchito awiri, mmodzi amene ali kufunika kupirira kulemera kwa dongosolo, pamene iwowa ndi zimenenso moto kupereka kutchinjiriza. Ndi zothandiza kuti mbale ayenera kukhala mokwanira amphamvu kupirira kulemera wofanana makilogalamu 600, zimenezi misa zambiri ali kukonza. Chifukwa izi amafotokozera kutentha apite.

yokonza zinthu

Pofuna kupanga mbaula matabwa a mtundu anafotokoza, mbuye ntchito chamotte njerwa, amene chawonjezeka makhalidwe kutentha kukana. Nkhanizi ndi maziko a kamangidwe. njira kuti atseke ntchito zosakaniza zingapo Pakati fireclay dongo, mchenga ndi madzi. Pamene kusakaniza ndi zofunika kutsatira chiwerengero zotsatirazi ya dongo ndi mchenga: 6: 4, mwinamwake ndi zowalamulira sadzatha chokuchititsani kutentha kwambiri kumene kumachitika pamene ng'anjo, chifukwa yomanga ndithu yokutidwa ndi ming'alu.

Motero, kwa yomanga ng'anjo ndi zofunika kukonzeketsera ena zipangizo ndi zida:

• dongo;
• njerwa;
• yofanana;
• simenti;
• zovekera;
• mchenga;
• chidebe;
• fosholo;
• trowel;
• yakumadzulo / yakumadzulo mbale;
• miyala.

Katundu ng'anjo kubala pitsa

Wood amapanga m'ng'anjo ya mtundu anafotokoza amapangidwa malinga ndi luso yeniyeni, yomwe chofunika kutsata, mwinamwake kukonza satumikira kwa nthawi yaitali. Pambuyo pa masitepe onse pamwamba ndi anamaliza, mwakonzeka kuchititsa chizindikiro patsambali. maphunziro awa likuonetsera fano pa anakonzeratu pamwamba gawo circumference, m'mimba mwake umene ndi pafupifupi 95-105 cm.

Mu sitepe yotsatira mukhoza kuyamba kuphatikiza pa njira, monga ntchitoyi idzagwiritsa ntchito njerwa. Nkhani anayikidwa pa m'mphepete kunja kwa bwalo. Ntchito pamene kuli kofunikira patsogolo okonzeka yokonza njerwa. Chifukwa, muyenera kupeza mphete. Pa nthawi imeneyi n'kofunika kuti agwire ntchito pa kutchinjiriza, monga ndondomeko izi wayima monga mmodzi wa chinsinsi pomanga ng'anjo. Mu mkati mwa mphete ayenera ligonekedwa kapena chimateteza zakuthupi, monga kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito chipika konkire, koma ngati n'koyenera mungagwiritse ntchito Penoizol galasi kapena nkhondo. Koma uwu si mndandanda wa katundu amene mungagwiritse ntchito monga insulator matenthedwe.

Pamene anapanga pitsa uvuni, m'pofunika ntchito simenti ndi pa siteji ya kapangidwe ka nyumba ya. Pofuna conjugate tebulo ndi mphete, m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito simenti. Pokhapokha matailosi pamwamba akhoza kumukweza, ozikidwa angakhale kupanga kapena zachilengedwe mwala.

Makonzedwe ng'anjo moto

Komanso n'zotheka kuyamba mapangidwe kapangidwe moto mu mbuye wake ntchito njerwa refractory. Komabe, ntchito msanga sangakhale, kuyambira chisanadze mankhwala ayenera kudulidwa m'njira kuti wozungulira ndi zomangamanga.

M'ng'anjo njerwa mtengo wa mtundu uwu ayenera kupereka zonse kuganizira mfundo yakuti kusiyana ayenera kukhala yosalala ndi yunifolomu, ndipo m'lifupi awo sayenera upambana 1 cm. Aliyense wa iwo ayenera bwino lembani njira, ndipo pambuyo pa zonse mosamala limagwirizana. Mu sitepe yotsatira mukhoza chitani mapangidwe mzikiti lapansi. Muyenera kudziwa malo pakhomo, amene anaika mu chimango cha. Yotsirizira akhoza zochokera zitsulo, matabwa kapena thovu. zinthu izi ndi zofunika kukapanga izo yabwino kugwira mapangidwe pakhomo ng'anjo. Chifukwa chakuti mtengo ndi thovu kuchita ngati moto woopsawo zipangizo nditamaliza iwo ndithu kuti kuchotsa.

Pali alipidwa moto wa nkhuni pamoto, ndi zojambula chimene zili m'nkhani, zikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito osati kwa kuphika komanso nyumba magetsi. Koma ngati mwaganiza kuti mukusowa uvuni Pompeian, ndiye gawo lotsatira mukhoza kuyamba kuyamba kuika mndandanda wa domes. Ntchito pamene kuli kofunikira kuti ½ njerwa, koma Mzere wachiwiri ayenera kuikidwa movutikira. mizere wotsatira ayenera kupangidwa kuti anatha kupanga otsetsereka ku gawo chapakati ng'anjo. Izi zachitika mwa njerwa mphero, zochokera otsiriza zimenezi mtengo. Ngati ndinu amapanga ngati kamangidwe kwa nthawi yoyamba, mukhoza wosalira kuphedwa kwa ntchito, inu ayenera kugwiritsa Chinsinsi wapadera. Iwo akhoza kukhala ndi thovu, ndipo izo ziyenera kukhala mu chigawo chapakati cha ng'anjo. Ngati pali mpira kufufuma, mu ntchito ya M'manja, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito izo. Atangotuluka adzauma, zinthu zakunja akhoza kuchotsedwa.

Pa nthawi yomweyo muyenera kumanga pakhomo ndi m'chumunicho. Last panja, ndipo akuchokera angakhale ofanana njerwa kapena zitsulo sangweji chitoliro. msinkhu wake akhale 2 m kapena zambiri. Koma awiri a, m'pofunika kutsatira index mu osiyanasiyana mamilimita kuchokera 150 mpaka 200.

kutchinjiriza ntchito

Pamene unsembe udzatha mbaula nkhuni, ndi osakaniza analola kuti ziume pa maziko ake, mukhoza chitani ntchito kutchinjiriza yomwe imaphimba Chipilala cha ng'anjo. Udindo wa insulator ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ulusi mchere, pamene wosanjikiza lotsatira amachita pulasitala zochokera simenti. N'zotheka m'malo anafotokoza ntchito njira kupaka pulasitala anapanga simenti wothira perlite. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito chiŵerengero cha 1: 5.

ayamikira katswiri

Wood moto uvuni, mitengo yomwe siyana mu osiyanasiyana 80 000, sakhoza anakumana popanda matailosi wodula, koma ngati pali kufunika kuonjezera liwiro kudula njerwa, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito chopukusira ndi chimbale diamondi. Kuti agwirizane ndi njerwa mu malo, ntchito mphira kutenga nyundo yamtengo, ndi kulondola malo ake kudzayesedwa mlingo nyumbayi.