Pamene mukuchita kafumbata kuwombera? Kodi ndifunika kuti katemera kafumbata?

Pa moyo wake kuyambira ali mwana, aliyense ayenera mokakamiza kukhala katemera ambiri matenda osiyana. Pakati pawo ndi kafumbata - (. Balati Clostridium tetani) Matenda opatsirana chifukwa cha pomenya thupi bakiteriya otchedwa Clostridium. Malo waukulu mabakiteriya awa ndi nthaka, malovu ndi ndowe za nyama. Kwa anthu monga iwo anabwera kupyolera onse kuvulala lotseguka. Inde, moyo watsiku ndi tsiku wa ana ndi akulu omwe si zotheka popanda kuvulala zokhudza kukhulupirika kwa khungu ndi nembanemba mucous. Ndipo ngati m'tsogolo chilonda ndi kuipitsidwa mwa zinthu nthaka, pakalibe asanazolowere kafumbata akhoza kukhala ndi kutsogolera kwa chitukuko cha matenda.

Kuti thupi la munthu zachitika asanazolowere matenda, m'pofunika kumayambiriro katemera yeniyeni munali neurotoxin ndi kafumbata toxoid. Pamene mukuchita kafumbata kuwombera, zinthu izi imatulutsidwa kuloŵa m'magazi, mphamvu za m'thupi ndi kubereka chitetezo zozitetezera.

katemera wosanganiza

Mu Russia, ambiri mwa ana vaccinations munali awiri monga zigawo zikuluzikulu: kafumbata ndi antidiphtheritic. Amathandiza kuti mapangidwe chitetezo chokwanira mwachindunji zoopsa matenda anthu awiri. Woyamba sasiyana ndi zimene ntchito formulations umodzi, wachiwiri angakhale zonse kapena otsika mlingo. Madokotala amalangiza makolo kuganiza zoyenera kuchita ngati ndi inoculation ndi diphtheria ndi kafumbata mwana, kupereka mmalo katemera kuphatikiza. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mankhwala munali toxoid wathunthu oyenera ana osaposera zaka 7 wachikulire, ndipo ndi otsika mlingo - kwa ana okulirapo komanso akuluakulu.

katemera lakutali

Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu Katemera wa m'badwo uliwonse. Ndi kuvomerezedwa ndi makonzedwe awo amayi oyembekezera pamaso yobereka, ngati iwo kale katemera wa kafumbata. Chotero muyeso amachepetsa chiopsezo onse akuchikazi ndi neonatal (khanda), kafumbata ndi pafupifupi ziro. Komanso, chitetezo cha kafumbata ndi inasamutsidwa kuchoka mayi kwa ana akhanda, kuonetsetsa chitetezo mwana ndi matenda m'miyezi iŵiri pambuyo kubadwa. Kuyambira zaka zitatu, ana immunizations ndi kafumbata.

Nthawi zambiri makolo achinyamata chidwi mmene vaccinations ambiri ndi ana kafumbata kuchita. Muyenera kudziwa kuti kuti apange chitetezo chokwanira wathunthu matenda, mwana kutumikiridwa Mlingo asanu a katemera kafumbata. nzika Young la Russia, atatu a iwo ikuchitikira osakwana zaka 1 chaka, wachinayi - mu zaka 1.5, ndi wachisanu - mu zaka 6 kapena 7. Komanso mu dziko lathu revaccination akulimbikitsidwa akulu, makamaka amayi a msinkhu wobereka zaka 10. Izi muyeso amathandiza kuonetsetsa asanazolowere matenda onse a moyo.

ngati Katemera chofunika?

Sakananena zofunika kwambiri ambiri ndi funso kuti: "Kodi ndikufunika kuti katemera kafumbata" matendawa Ichi ndi choopsa kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri umatha mu imfa. Mu 2012, dziko oposa 200 000 Zikatero akuti, ndi ambiri - imfa akuchikazi ndi makanda. Tetanus poizoni amakhudza makungwa mitsempha zomwe zingachititse omangana kwambiri ndi contractions minofu anthu onse, kuphatikizapo kupuma. Iwo anali kuphipha ake chifukwa cha matenda, amachititsa matenda oopsa anthu ambiri.

Ili mu nthaka tizilomboto kafumbata kwa kukumana ndi bala padziko dothi zikanavulaza mawu a kuipitsidwa zotheka. Katemera komanso amachepetsa mavuto awa yochepa. Ndi zogwirizana ndi magulu amenewa kuti munthu wamkulundi mwana anthu, amene ntchito ndi moyo anakumana okhazikika ndi dothi. Iwo ogwira ntchito amakampani ulimi, anthu okhala m'madera akumidzi a anthu akuluakulu.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, anthu okhala m'mizinda, kuvutika zosachepera anthu amene ankakhala kutali ndi iwo. Ndipotu, makamaka ana ikugwa akhoza kuswa maondo anu kapena elbows. Kids amakonda kukangana ndi anthu, kulumana ndi kukanda mzake. Kuwonongeka kwa khungu ndi nembanemba mucous si zachilendo, ndipo dothi mzinda, nthaka, fumbi ndi nyama ndowe angakhoze kulowamo chilonda. Ngati munthuyo katemera, pali Mwina mkulu wa matenda chifukwa mabakiteriya kuchititsa matenda, moyo ambiri m'nthaka onse m'matauni ndi m'midzi ndi chiopsezo aliyense wodwala ali, kaya malo moyo.

Zimene muyenera kudziwa za kafumbata?

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti matenda amapezeka mosavuta, matenda ndi zovuta, ndipo mosavuta imfa kwambiri. Ndipo ngati pambuyo mukadali deliberates ngati kuchita kafumbata kuwombera, ndiye madokotala amalangiza osati pachiswe umoyo ndi miyoyo yawo, ndipo khalani ndi kuvomerezedwa.

Musachinyalanyaze chakuti matenda kungachititse kuti imfa 10-70% odwala, ndi kusowa kwa mankhwala a kafumbata seramu patsogolo kwa imfa ndi 100% Mwina. Komanso musaiwale kuti ngati wodwalayo bwinobwino analolera matenda ndipo anachira kwathunthu, palibe chitsimikizo kuti sadzakhala kachilombo kachiwiri. M'mawu ena, munthu amene achire kafumbata kamodzi kuti athandize kuwatengera iwo kachiwiri, ndi ingress limodzi mabakiteriya mu chamoyo sangabereke chitetezo kwa izo, monga momwe zilili ndi matenda ena.

Choncho, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti njira yokha kupanga asanazolowere kafumbata - ndi katemera. Komanso kumalimbitsa chitetezo chokwanira ena chiwerengero cha katemera amene akutsatiridwa malinga ndi ndandanda lokhazikika. Izi adzalola anthu alibe nkhawa kutenga matenda.

Katemera wa akulu

Anthu ambiri, mwatsoka, sindikudziwa pamene kuti katemera kafumbata kuposa amaika thanzi. Monga tanenera poyamba, monga mwa zikalata zofunikira yolembedwa ndi unduna wa zaumoyo la Chitaganya cha Russia, katemera wamkulu ikuchitika zaka 10, ngati munthuyo kale anapanga katemera. Pakuti Katemera chachikulu kutumikiridwa Mlingo awiri ndi imeneyi ya mwezi 1 pakati pawo. Chaka chotsatira chinali katemera wachitatu, amene ankaona kwathunthu. Patatha izi, katemera malinga ndi ndandanda facilitates kupeza asanazolowere kafumbata. Ophunzira, asilikali, ogwira ntchito ya zomangamanga kukula kumbuyo, amene anakumba zinthu zakale, sitima, komanso anthu amene amakhala m'madera ndi akumane zinthu AIDS wa kafumbata ayenera katemera kutero.

Emergency katemera

Ngati zinthu uka omwe angachititse matenda, kuvomerezedwa mu nkhani ya lotha wa zaka 5 pambuyo Katemera zonse chikuyendetsedwera mlingo prophylactic a katemera. Mu gulu la milandu amene amagwa kulumidwa nyama, zoopsa, frostbite ndi amayaka, kunyumba kubadwa opaleshoni pa mundawo m'mimba, ndi mimba osadziteteza. Koyamba zingaoneke kuti zimenezo, makamaka katemera sikowumiriza katemera motsutsana kafumbata. Pamene akuchita izo mu umodzi wa milandu, wodwala otsimikiza kuti si odwala. Choncho, kusiya oyamba a seramu wa Mulimonsemo zosatheka.

Katemera wa ana

Kale tinakambirana za izo kwa katemera mwana ntchito zovuta kukonzekera immunobiological ndi nkhani za kafumbata, ndi pertussis zigawo antidiphtheria. Pamene pamaso pa titangokhalako kuti yotsirizira akhoza katemela ndi nkhani za woyamba awiri. Full Inde zikuphatikizapo Mlingo asanu kutumikiridwa mu 3, 4, 5, miyezi 6, zaka 1.5 ndi zaka 6-7. Kenako, kauntala ndi mapangidwe asanazolowere kafumbata ndi yoyendetsa mobwerezabwereza n'kofunika, monga tanenera kale pamwambapa, malinga ndi ndandanda choperekedwa ndi unduna wa zaumoyo la Chitaganya cha Russia. Kwenikweni izo ikuchitika pa zaka 14-16.

About revaccination

Si chinsinsi kuti pambuyo utsogoleli wa mankhwala ena popanga asanazolowere matenda makamaka chilimbikitso mlingo chofunika. Ndi nazonso, ndi katemera ndi kafumbata. "Pamene akuchita izo chifukwa kulimbitsa kukakala?" - funso n'lakuti, anasamutsa ambiri. Takambirana kale za chakuti mwanayo anaika katemera ku miyezi 3 pambuyo pa kubadwa kwa zaka 6 kapena 7. Ngati vaccinations zonse amapanga kwathunthu, chitetezo izi kumatenga zaka 10, kenako kachiwiri Katemera chofunika sanatsatiridwe. Akuluakulu kale katemera, munthu umafuna Mlingo atatu, awiri amene anayikidwa pa intervals wa 1 mwezi wa wina ndi mzake, ndi wotsiriza - chaka chotsatira. Pambuyo pake, zaka 10 pambuyo kachiwiri pamafunika oyamba a mankhwala. Ngati simuli wotsimikiza, pamene mukufuna chilimbikitso mlingo kudziwitsa dokotala anu. Iwo adzapereka zoona zokhudza kangati kuchita kafumbata kuwombera, ndi kunena ngati kuchita izo posachedwapa muyenera.

Kodi jekeseni?

Funso lofunika ndi malo ka katemera. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ngati mankhwala chikuyendetsedwera molakwika, zikhoza kuvutitsa anthu MOSATIZANA zotsatira osati kwambiri zosangalatsa. Kumbukirani kuti chinsinsi Katemera bwino ikuchitika bwino katemera kafumbata. "Kodi akuluakulu ndi ana katemera uyu?" - mupempha. Mu malo oyamba ayenera kuperekedwa kokha mu malo ndi bwino anayamba minofu wosanjikiza, kumene pafupifupi munthu mafuta subcutaneous ndi khungu ndi woonda kwambiri. Ana kwa zaka 3 analimbikitsa oyamba ndi mbali pamwamba pa ntchafu. Akuluakulu, malo abwino komwe katemera kafumbata ndi minofu deltoid pa mapewa ndi kubwerera pansi m'dera phewa tsamba. Wawauza oyamba a katemera mu minofu thako kumeneko kugona tatikulu, pamene subcutaneous wosanjikiza mafuta bwino anakamba. Pankhaniyi, pali chiopsezo jekeseni mankhwala si intramuscularly ndi subcutaneously. Kumbukirani kuti kumene kuchita kafumbata kuwombera, kumadalira osati kokha pa chitetezo cha chitetezo cha m'thupi ndi matenda, komanso thanzi anthu ambiri.

mfundo Katemera

Katemera akhoza anadzetsa chipatala mu malo okhala kapena ntchito mu zinthu zachipatala ndi obstetric kapena mankhwala malo okhazikika mu Katemera. Aliyense wa iwo amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito kokha mankhwala apamwamba, yololedwa mwalamulo ndi ovomerezedwa kumayambiriro la Russia. Polankhula aliyense mwa mabungwe, mtima pamene kupanga kafumbata kuwombera otsimikiza kuti jekeseni katemera, anayamba malinga ndi mfundo zonse ukhondo la Chitaganya cha Russia.

Kodi kuchita pambuyo jekeseni ya?

Pambuyo njira Katemera anthu kungathandize zachilendo kwa moyo wake ndipo zochita nthawi zina katemera, monga zowawa mphamvu, redness, kutupa, induration, mtanda, kapena kupangidwa popanda mavuto alionse kwa thupi ndi kupatsira zawo. Yekha mavuto angakhale ndi kuwonjezeka kutentha. Zimafunika kuti atsitse, ndipo ngati zilibe umatha pambuyo pa masiku angapo, muyenera kukaonana ndi dokotala monga malungo yaitali ndi zosagwirizana ndi katemera. Onse a katemera ndi otetezeka kwathunthu ndi zosatheka zimasokoneza kayendedwe ka moyo. Komabe izo akulimbikitsidwa masiku 2-3 osati kunyowetsa jekeseni malo, komanso kupewa onse awa ndi:

• madyedwe mowa;
• yogwira masewera;
• kusambira mu dziwe;
• Anawona osambira ndi saunas.

Pambuyo katemera, amasonyeza zakudya oti amanenedwa pa chilichonse ndi mlingo pazipita ntchito madzi ofunda ndi osachepera zolimbitsa thupi.

zosokonezeka

Katemera kawirikawiri zimabweretsa yosiyanasiyana zolemera, kuti ndi matenda yaitali ndipo kwambiri. Pamene anthu katemera kafumbata ayenera kukonzekera chakuti akhale ndi anaphylactic mantha, urticaria, angioedema, zotupa pa ntchito khunyu, dermatitis, pharyngitis ndi matenda, rhinitis, komanso zochita zosasangalatsa postprivivochnye: kwambiri kuyabwa pa malo jekeseni, thukuta, kutsegula m'mimba ndi matumbo dysbiosis. Komabe, Zikatero n'zochepa.

contraindications

Chifukwa reactogenicity otsika mu katemera kafumbata ndi pafupifupi palibe zoletsa kuti chiphunzitso cha. Iwo contraindicated okhawo amene anali ndi thupi lawo siligwirizana kapena ubongo kuwonongeka pambuyo jekeseni lomaliza. onse ndi zakanthawi: nthawi ya zisadzachitikenso a matenda aliwonse, kuphatikizapo fuluwenza, matenda pachimake kupuma; exacerbation wa thupi lawo siligwirizana diathesis kapena chikanga; immunodeficiency; pamaso pa kutentha. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pambuyo boma yachibadwa chofunika ngati katemera. Ndipo, ndithudi, pamaso m'pofunika kukaonana ndi dokotala amene kwenikweni pamene inu muyenera kuti katemera.

Anthu amene adakali deliberating kaya kuti katemera kafumbata, tikhoza kunena kuti ichi ndi kuvomerezedwa njira muyeso munthu aliyense, ndi nthawi kuti jakisoni kuthandiza kuteteza moyo ndi thanzi la onse achibale anu ndiponso anzanu.