Otchedwa kuchepa chinenero Russian? Declination wa manauni

Ambiri a ife akukumbukirabe kusukulu amatchedwa declination. Koma kubereka mokoma onse obwera ndi izo, mphamvu si aliyense. Koma chidziwitso cha malamulo okhudzana ndi declination wa manauni, sikungathetseretu ife zolakwa kalembedwe m'tsogolo.

ndi declination Kodi

Vuto palokha mbali ya mawu (kupatula adverbs ndi gerunds) zingasiyane malinga ndi malamulo awo. Kasewenzetsedwe ka mau, osiyanasiyana ndi munthu ndi chiwerengero, ndi conjugated, ndiwo ziwalo za kulankhula zinthu. Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani? Declination mawu - ndi luso manauni, adjectives, manambala ndi participles zosiyanasiyana:

1. Siyani (wamwamuna, pakati, wamkazi, kupatula iwo. N.).
2. Numeri (mmodzi ndi zambiri).
3. Mlanduwu.

Ambiri adziwe ya ulamuliro Russian "Galamala 80" mu lina limafotokoza, amatchedwa declination. Iye akumufunsira tanthauzo monga kusintha mu kalasi ya mawu pa milandu. Ena mwa mawu pafupi ndi otchedwa declination, aliyense ali ndi ufulu wosankha yekha.

Affixes manauni

Kutengera pa mtima wa kuchepa mu Chirasha, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti zikachitika. Iwo anamutcha mawonekedwe kalembedwe, yolumikiza aliyense nauni ndi mawu mbali zina za mawu. Mlanduwu chimasonyeza mmene kugwirizana mbali ya kulankhula.

Kwa nthawi yaitali dongosolo mlandu wakhala nkhani kusintha. M'chilankhulo akale umodzi akwanira, monga mwa nthawi yathu ndipo milandu zisanu ndi ziwiri. Wina wotchedwa vocative. Pakali pano, izo anathetsedwa, ndipo tsopano iwo atsala 6.

• Nominative. Nkhani yapadera, kuyambira yekha umatchedwa mwachindunji (ndani?), Enawo - zina. Mu mawonekedwe a izo. PAD. kulankhula kuti ziganizo. Wina wa mbali zake: ndi kuyambira Fomu mbali mwadzina wa kulankhula.
• Genitive. Izi mawonekedwe a mayankho a mafunso ndani? Kodi? Kuti asasokonezeke ndi mlandu osiyana, n'zotheka liwu wothandiza "ayi": a mphaka - izo. N (ayi) mphaka - anabadwa. N.
• Dative. Pankhaniyi ndi dzina lake chifukwa akuyankha mafunso ndani? Kodi? Declination mawu kudzakhala kosavuta ngati ife mmalo mawu "kupereka": mphaka - masiku. N.
• Accusative. A mtundu maganizo. Iwo ali funso lofanana ndi nkhani nominative zinthu zopanda moyo - chiyani? Komabe, poyerekezera ndi zamoyo kufunsa ndani? Mawu "chala" ndi chikufanana kwa scanned iwo. . Nauni, kudzakuthandizani kukumbukira malamulo a declination (yowadzudzulira) mphaka - kulawa. N.
• Ablative. Nkhani wapadera. Amene amayankha mafunso? Kodi? mawu Yotsimikiza pakuti - "kulenga": mphaka - TV. PAD.
• Prepositional. Kupanga, kuyankha mafunso okhudza? Za chiyani? Pakuti kuloweza zosavuta mmalo mawu "ndikuganiza": a mphaka - limbikitse. N.

nambala

Tinakumbukira dongosolo case, amene kuphunzira Chirasha. Declination ndi zimadalira chiwerengero cha siyana. Iwo mu chinenero chathu, awiri - mmodzi ndi zochuluka. Pafupifupi onse manauni ndi pawiri. Koma, monga ulamuliro, pali kuchotserapo. Ena mawu akugwiritsidwa kokha mu mawonekedwe limodzi. Chitsanzo cha anthu amene ali ndi ochepa limodzi: dzuwa (bwino, m'pomveka, lilili m'buku limodzi), mkaka, masamba, khwalala (ndi chinenero).

Koma Chirasha ndi zosiyanasiyana kuti ali mu nkhokwe yake ya mawu okha ochulukitsa. Chitsanzo: lumo, thalauza, magalasi, ulonda, anthu.

Kutha mu Chirasha akhoza kutenga maonekedwe a mayunitsi. H ndi PL. H Mwachitsanzo .:

U h. PL

ip buku, mabuku.

RP mabuku, mabuku.

AM buku, mabuku.

CE buku, mabuku.

Etc. buku, mabuku.

Paras zokhudza mabuku.

declension loyamba

declination dongosolo chinenero cha Chirasha, monga ife tikudziwira, imakhala magulu atatu. Aliyense wa iwo ali ndi makhalidwe yake. declination loyamba nkhani yapadera:

• Mawu, mayina ena amuna kuthetsa kutanthauza kapena -n: amalume, munthu, bambo, Vanya.
• Manauni zimene zili kumapeto - ndi TH kapena anthu kusonyeza ndipo akutsutsa chosalimba: masika, dzanja, Aunt Anna.
• Chimodzimodzi kumapeto (- ndi / s) wa manauni ndi jenda wamba (ie imodzi kutanthauza anthu, amuna ndi akazi): n'ngoliralira, grouch, sleepyhead, hule.

Zitsanzo 1 declination (zitsanzo):

ip mnyamata, msungwana, n'ngoliralira.

RP anyamata ndi atsikana, n'ngoliralira.

AM mnyamata, msungwana, Lira-Baby.

CE mnyamata, msungwana, kulira-mwana.

Etc. anyamata ndi atsikana, n'ngoliralira.

Paras za mnyamata, msungwana, ndi Kulira-Baby.

declension yachiwiri

gulu isiyana m'mbuyomo wina malekezero ndi mtundu wa gulu. Pamafunikanso:

• Manauni ndi ziro mapeto ndi zokhudza osonyeza chachimuna mu mawonekedwe koyamba kwa gome, chitsa cha mtengo, denga, mwamuna.
• mwamuna mawu. mtundu, koma mapeto ake ndi - O kapena -e: a nyumba yaing'ono.
• Iwo. chachikazi. ndi mathero - O kapena - imelo neuter kumwamba, malo, nyanja, mfuti.

Zitsanzo 2 declination:

ip Wekha, chimwemwe.

RP patebulo la chimwemwe.

AM patebulo la chimwemwe.

CE Wekha, chimwemwe.

Etc. patebulo la chimwemwe.

Paras pa tebulo, chimwemwe.

declension lachitatu

Gulu la manauni kwambiri wapadera. Pamafunikanso mawu chikazi, ndipo okha ndi ziro kutha: mbewa, uvuni, moyo, zenizeni.

Tiyenera kukumbukira lamulo wofunikira kwambiri wokhudza declension wachitatu: pamene mawu itha wina wa phokoso sibilant, izo kwenikweni kuziwerenga chizindikiro zofewa (mwana wamkazi wa Night, uvuni). Sizikusokonezani iwo ndi manauni mu declension chachiwiri waukulu (re modzilemekeza, kakobiri). Iwo ali mawu osonyeza chachimuna ndi Choncho musadzitame amafuna kulemba chizindikiro zofewa kumapeto.

Zitsanzo 3 declination:

ip moyo chinthu.

RP moyo zinthu.

AM moyo zinthu.

CE moyo chinthu.

Etc. moyo chinthu.

Paras za moyo, zinthu.

Kufotokoza zotsatira pamwamba, tinatha chidutswa pamodzi declination wa manauni. Tebulo limasonyeza bwino koposa. Kuphunzira mosamala.

manauni heteroclite

Tsopano ife tikudziwa kuti amatchedwa declination ndi zimene mawu amapatsidwa kwa aliyense wa iwo. Koma si onse kapangidwe lexical a chinenero chathu umamumvera malamulo amenewa. Pali manauni, amene anatenga kutsekedwa kwa declination yoyamba ndi yachiwiri. Iwo amatchedwa heteroclite.

ndi mbali ya manauni chiyani? Choyamba, pafupifupi zonse zinatha mu -mya: nthawi, dzina, kulemera, ndi stirrup ena. Ndipo mawu a njira komanso a gulu.

Kachiwiri, declination malamulo heteroclite manauni wotere kuti ngati kusintha mawu pa milandu uliwonse ndi suffix - Ene (kupatula IP ndi VP): The nthawi, stirrup, mbewu.

Chachitatu, kuchepekela mawu awa, ife mungaone kuti genitive, dative ndi prepositional anatenga mapeto - ndi SCR 3, ndi malangizo mathero -em anaonekera monga declension 2 ..

I.p dzina njira.

RP Dzina njira.

AM Dzina njira.

CE Dzina njira.

Etc. dzina kumabweretsa.

Paras m'malo mwa njira.

manauni indeclinable

zolankhula zathu mofulumira kusinthidwa ndi mawu atsopano chiyambi yachilendo. Iwo ndi mitundu declension chinenero cha Chirasha, ndi zikutchedwa indeclinable.

Gulu uli:

• mawu achilendo amene anabwera kwa ife kuchokera m'zinenero zina -o, -e, S - Y: fillets odula, Sochi, kangaroos. Nthawi zonse, iwo adzakhala mawonekedwe omwewo, kotero apitirira imangokhala sazindikira. (Pitani ku chovala, kubwera kwa kangaroos, kupita ku Sochi.)
• Mayina kutha mu nepali, -ago, -s: Yurchenko, Zhivago, White. (Kukhala mlendo Kozarenko, kubwera kwa Red.)
• Mawu popangidwa ndi njira ya chidule: USSR PBX.

mathero munthu

Pokhala nawo mutu uwu chikugwirizana ndi kalembedwe zolondola makalata ndi mauthenga pa mapeto a manauni. Kusunga malamulo a declension, tinali kudziwa kuti mapeto, kulemba mawu ochepa:

1. declension Choyamba (kupatula mtundu wa N ..) Kwa mtsinje (dat.p.), mayi (pr.p.), mutu (dat.p.).
2. declension chachiwiri: mtanda (pr.p.) m'nyanja (pr.p.)

Kumapeto kwa kalata kulemba, ngati mawu ndi:

1. Chachitatu declension: steppe (pr.p.) usiku (dat.p.)
2. Choyamba SQL. Kudya kubereka. chimodzi: mtsinje.
3. Mu mawu kutha mu m, m, Ia: ndi planetarium, kwa mafuko a mwambowu.
4. Ifenso heteroclite manauni ndi kulemba: m'njira, za nthawi.

Pomaliza

Nditawerenga malamulo yosavuta, mudzadziwa kuti zimene amatchedwa declination. Sizikusokonezani ndi Kukweza mawu mbali zina za kulankhula, monga conjugation wa kasewenzetsedwe ka mau.

Phunziro m'pofunika kukhala wotsimikiza, chifukwa cha kudziwa ongolankhula zimadalira kulemba wathu othandiza. Kuchokera m'nkhaniyi tingapeze mfundo zotsatirazi:

• Manauni kusintha osati pa milandu komanso manambala.
• Koma M'pofunikanso kukumbukira kuti mawu onse a chigawo ichi cha mawu ndawapatsa siyana. Ena mwa iwo sangathe ngakhale chochepa (indeclinable) ndipo mulibe M'ndandanda wa mawonekedwe (yekha kuchuluka kapena mmodzi).
• Aliyense wa declination ndi osiyana, kotero muyenera kuphunzira bwino. Ife chitsanzo cha declination wa manauni (onani gome).
• mathero Personal kuti alibe ka, m'chipinda chotetezeka kumvera malamulo. Malinga declination ndi omwalira adzakhala kulemba makalata kapena e, kapena onse. Izi lathu - mmodzi wa zovuta kwambiri Pophunzira manauni.