Okhulupirira Akale ndi ndani? Okhulupirira Akale ndi Okhulupirira Akale: kusiyana

Mpaka lero, pali okhulupirira 2 miliyoni okalamba ku Russia. Pali midzi yonse yomwe anthu ambiri amakhulupirira. Ambiri amakhala kunja: m'mayiko omwe ali pafupi, ku Southern Europe, m'mayiko olankhula Chingerezi komanso ku South America continent. Ngakhale owerengeka ang'onoang'ono, Okhulupirira akale amakhalabe olimba muzomwe amakhulupirira, pewani kukhudzana ndi a Niconians, sungani miyambo ya makolo awo ndipo mwanjira iliyonse musagwirizane ndi "zikhalidwe za azungu."

Kusintha kwa Nikon ndi kubadwa kwa "kugawidwa"

Zochitika zosiyanasiyana zachipembedzo zomwe zingagwirizane ndi mawu akuti "Okhulupirira Akale" ali ndi mbiri yakale komanso yoopsa. Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1500, Mkulu wazaka zapakati pa 1700, Mkulu wazakale Nikon, mothandizidwa ndi tsar, adasintha zinthu zachipembedzo, ntchito yomwe iyenera kubweretsa kupembedza ndi machitidwe ena mogwirizana ndi "miyezo" yomwe Mpingo wa Constantinople unayendera. Kusintha kwabwino kunayenera kupititsa patsogolo kutchuka kwa Tchalitchi cha Russian Orthodox ndi boma la Russia pa zochitika zapadziko lonse. Koma si gulu lonse lomwe linatenga zatsopano mwabwino. Okhulupilira akale ndi anthu omwe adapeza "buku labwino" (kusindikiza mabuku a tchalitchi) ndi kugwirizana kwa udindo wa chigwirizano ndi mwano.

Nchiyani chomwe chinachitidwa mwachindunji mu chimango cha kusintha?

Kusintha kumene kuvomerezedwa ndi Mabungwe a Tchalitchi mu 1656 ndi 1667, osakhulupirira angamawoneke kukhala opanda pake. Mwachitsanzo, "Chizindikiro cha Chikhulupiliro" chinasinthidwa: chinaperekedwa kuti chiyankhule za Ufumu wa Mulungu m'tsogolomu ya nthawiyo, tanthawuzo la Ambuye ndi mgwirizano wotsutsana unachotsedwera. Kuonjezera apo, mawu oti "Yesu" adachokera kutero kuti alembe ndi "ndi" (pa chi Greek). Okhulupirira Akale sanayamikire izi. Pankhani ya kupembedza, Nikon anathetseratu kudzichepetsa kwapadziko lapansi ("kutaya"), "zala ziwiri" zidaloŵa m'malo mwa "trehperstiem", ndi "halleluya" yapadera - "tridents". Mtsinje wa Niconian unayamba kuchitika motsutsana ndi dzuwa. Ndiponso, kusintha kwina kunapangidwira ku mwambo wa Ekaristi (Sacrament). Kukonzanso kunayambitsanso kusintha mwapang'ono pa miyambo ya kuyimba kwa mpingo ndi kujambula.

"Raskolniki", "Okhulupirira Akale" ndi "Okhulupirira Akale": kusiyana

Ndipotu, mawu onsewa panthawi imodzimodzi amasonyeza anthu omwewo. Komabe, mayina awa ndi ofanana: aliyense ali ndi chidziwitso chodziwika bwino.

Anthu otembenuza anthu ku Niconians, omwe ankatsutsana ndi otsutsa awo a tchalitchi cha Russian Orthodox, ankagwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti "schismatic". Zinali zofanana ndi mawu akuti "wachabechabe" ndipo ankaonedwa kuti ndi okhumudwitsa. Ovomerezana ndi chikhulupiliro cha chikhalidwe sankitcha okha, adasankha tanthauzo la "Akristu a drevlepravoslavnye" kapena "Okhulupirira akale". "Okhulupilira Akale" ndi kusagwirizana ndi mawu omwe analembedwa m'zaka za zana la 19 ndi olemba. Okhulupirira enieniwo sanaone kuti ndizokwanira: monga mukudziwira, chikhulupiriro sichimangokhala pa miyambo ina. Koma zinachitikadi kuti ndiye amene anagawa kwambiri.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti m'mabuku ena "Okhulupirira akale" ndi anthu amene amadzinenera chipembedzo chachikunja (chikunja). Izi ndi zolakwika. Okhulupirira akale ali, mosakayikira, Akhristu.

Okhulupirira Akale a Russia: tsoka la kayendetsedwe kawo

Popeza kusakhutira kwa Okhulupirira Kale kunadetsa maziko a boma, akuluakulu a boma komanso a tchalitchi adatsutsidwa ndi otsutsa. Mtsogoleri wao, Habakuku wolemekezeka, adatengedwa ukapolo, ndiyeno anatenthedwa amoyo. Zomwezo zidafikira ambiri mwa otsatira ake. Komanso, monga chizindikiro cha chionetsero, okhulupirira akale adapanga modzidzimutsa. Koma, ndithudi, si onse omwe anali otentheka kwambiri.

Kuchokera kumadera akumidzi a Russia Okhulupirira akale anathawira ku dera la Volga, kutsidya kwa Mtsinje, kumpoto, komanso ku Poland ndi Lithuania. Pansi pa Petro ine udindo wa okhulupirira akale unasintha pang'ono. Iwo anali ochepa mu ufulu, iwo ankayenera kulipira misonkho iwiri, koma iwo amakhoza kunena poyera chipembedzo chawo. Pansi pa Catherine II, Okhulupirira Akulu adaloledwa kubwerera ku Moscow ndi St. Petersburg, kumene adayambitsa malo akuluakulu. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1800, boma linayamba "kulimbikitsa mtedza". Ngakhale kuponderezedwa, Okhulupirira Akale a ku Russia anali kuchita bwino. Amalonda olemera kwambiri ndi opambana kwambiri ogulitsa mafakitale, omwe anali olemera kwambiri komanso ogwira ntchito bwino, analeredwa mu miyambo ya chikhulupiriro cha "Old Orthodox".

Moyo ndi chikhalidwe

Mabolshevik sanawone kusiyana pakati pa atsopano ndi okhulupirira akale. Okhulupirira adayambanso kusamukira, nthawi ino makamaka ku New World. Koma ngakhale apo adatha kusunga mtundu wawo. Chikhalidwe cha okhulupilira akale chimakhala chamatsenga. Iwo sameta ndevu zawo, samamwa mowa ndi kusuta. Ambiri a iwo amavala zovala zachikhalidwe. Okhulupirira Akale amasonkhanitsa zizindikiro zakale, kulembanso mabuku a tchalitchi, kuphunzitsa ana a Slavic kulemba ndi kulemba nyimbo.

Ngakhale kuti amakana kupita patsogolo, okhulupirira akale amalephera kuchita bizinesi ndi ulimi. Maganizo awo sangathe kutchedwa intert. Okhulupirira akale ali Anthu osamvera, olimbikira komanso opindulitsa kwambiri. Chizunzo cha olamulira chinangowonjezera chikhulupiriro chawo ndipo chinapangitsa mzimu kukhala wolimba.