Nthano nkhani "The Sandman" (Ernst Theodor Amadey Gofman): Mwachidule. "Sandman": mwininkhani mu buku la

E. Hofmann - mmodzi wa oimira wotchuka kwambiri Romanticism German. ntchito yake m'zigawozigawo kwambiri: kuwonjezera ntchito zolembalemba, analemba nyimbo, utoto. Komabe, ntchito amasiyana apachiyambi, zomwe zimachititsa kuti nkhani zofanana kwathunthu ku mankhwala chikhalidwe nthawi chikondi kuphunzira. Choncho, wolemba ali ndi malo apadera mu mbiri ya mabuku dziko.

Mwachidule za wolemba

Iye anabadwa mu wazamalamulo wamba ndipo pambuyo maphunziro anasankha ntchito yomweyo. Komabe, kafukufuku ndi zotsatira yotumikira anthu mwamphamvu mbamuikha iye, ndipo iye anayesetsa kuti akhale luso wamoyo, koma sizinathandize. zinthu zinasintha penapake pambuyo wolemba analandira zamasiye. Ngakhale, iye sanafooke kulemba, koma ntchito yake sanapeze yankho ofufuza za German ndi kuwerenga. Pa nthawi yomweyo ntchito zake anthu ambiri m'mayiko ena Western European, Russia ndi United States.

chilengedwe

Romance HOFFMANN lachindunji kwambiri ndi osiyana ndi amene analemba oimira kukuchititsa zimenezi. Ambiri mwa olemba anabwera zinthu zina zojambulidwa ndi zilembo chofunika kwambiri, natamanda lingaliro la ufulu wopanda malire. Koma Ernst Amadeus anasiya makondawa ndi kulemba mu zanyengo Nkhani ya Zotengera pachimake. Komanso, wolemba anasiya zolinga zosatheka ufulu, kuganizira kokha zilembo za ngwazi wake. HOFFMANN ndi wosangalatsa ndi kukhudza chodabwitsa, koma, koma iwo sali kwambiri mantha monga lecturing. Mlembi nthabwala ndi omveka bwino. Wolemba mu njira zikuwononga ndipo nditaona kwambiri akungondinyoza ndi makhalidwe oipa a anthu yofanana ndi imene mwina ntchito, osati wotchuka kwambiri mu dziko lakwawo. Koma mu dziko lathu wakhala losadziwika. Belinsky anamuyitana iye ndakatulo kwambiri ndi Dostoevsky kwambiri chidwi analenga zoona, HOFFMANN zikupezeka mu zolemba za novelist lapansi.

Features

Mbali khalidwe la wolemba pafupi intertwining zenizeni ndi zopeka. Koma iwowa si anazindikira mwa wolemba ngati chinachake mwa wamba: M'malo mwake, iye anamusonyeza monga momwe kumene, monga mbali n'zosiyana aliko tsiku ndi tsiku anthu. otchulidwa ake ali ngati zinthu mwamseri mu dziko wamba, pamalo wosangalatsa. Chitsanzo cha nkhani zoterozo ndi Novella Gofmana "The Sandman." Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa yotchuka kwambiri ya ntchito zake, omwe anakhala chizindikiro cha wolemba. Nyimbo ndi zochokera m'miyambo wowerengeka, koma pa nthawi yomweyo izo zimanyezimiritsa zimachitika Masiku ano wolemba. Nthano-nkhani inali yotchuka zolinga zake ntchito mu chikhalidwe otchuka. Mmodzi wa chiwembu mizere yaikulu ngakhale anakhala mbali mu libretto wa wotchuka French opera.

zikuchokera

Chidwi kwambiri ndi funso la mmene kumanga nkhani yake ntchito imeneyi HOFFMANN. Chidule ( "Sandman" chikutanthauza isiyana ndi nkhani zina maphwando a), mwatsoka, sapereka lonse kapangidwe loyambirira la lembalo. Ndipo ndi chachilendo kwambiri. Mlembi, ngati sakudziwa zimene kuuza owerenga nkhani imeneyi, kusankha chidwi kwambiri Nkhani mawonekedwe. Nthano akuyamba ndi mbali yaikulu makalata ndi mnzake Lothar ndi mkwatibwi Clara. Pambuyo retelling zili makalata wolemba anapita molunjika ku chimake cha khalidwe ndi zotsatira zake. Chotero zikuchokera ndi limachititsa kumvetsa bwino khalidwe la ngwazi, amene anagwa mu misala, ndipo zinatha moyo wake chisoni. Mu makalata owerenga bwino zovuta kwambiri zotsutsana dziko lamkati la Nathaniel, amene ali pa- zoopsa chifukwa zoopsa ubwana: zoopsa akumusautsabe, ndipo ngakhale mkwatibwi, zoyesayesa zonse kumusokoneza pa malingaliro olemedwa ndi inconclusive. Mu gawo lachiwiri la nkhani wowerenga amaona ngwazi ngati kuchokera kunja, akudziwa za kuwawa maganizo. Koma tsopano tikuona mawonetseredwe awo kunja ndi woopsa, imbaenda mavuto.

tayi

Mu mankhwala kusanthula mmodzi wa ambuye zabwino wa zamaganizo anthu mu mabuku dziko wasonyeza yekha Hoffman. Chidule ( "The Sandman" n'chosiyana kwambiri ndi kuvuta chiwembu, ngakhale kuphweka ankaoneka ngati kukonza) nkhani ayenera kuyamba ndi kutchula makalata abwenzi, amene timaphunzira mbiri yake. Nathaniel limatiuza bwenzi nkhani choopsa chimene chinachitika kwa iye ubwana wake. Babysitting mantha iye nthano za Sandman, amene amati amalanga ana amene mukufuna kupita kukagona. Chokumbukira ichi kwambiri tikuona m'maganizo wake, zimene zinathandiza kuti m'maganizo mwana m'njira wolumala. Nkhonyayo komaliza kwa psyche mwanayo anali anachitira pambuyo ngozi yoopsa, zimene iye anaona.

Mu ntchito imeneyi zopeka zoopsa mbuye iye anadzionetsa Hoffman. Chidule ( "The Sandman" - buku m'malo louma) ntchito sangathe pochitika zilakolako zonse ndi zovuta vuto khalidwe chachikulu, lemba ayenera kuwerenga kwathunthu. Koma chifukwa ife okha ndi kuchuluka kwa nkhaniyi, yoperekera chidule retelling. Nathaniel waona imfa ya bambo ake, amene anachita zinthu zatsopano ndi pulofesa wina wachilendo amene anapita ku nyumba zawo. Usiku wina, mnyamata akakhalemo monga mlendo ikuchitika zatsopano ndi maso, ndipo pambuyo zimenezo, bambo ake chisoni aphedwe. Mwana kuonetsetsa kuti pulofesa ndi wakupha, ndipo malumbiro kubwezera.

chiwembu chitukuko

The nkhani kusanthula luso lawo mu chifanizo cha zamaganizo anthu anatsimikizira Hoffman. Chidule ( "The Sandman" - ntchito ndi zotsatira kwambiri nzeru zaumunthu, ngakhale kukhalapo kwa zinthu wosangalatsa) nthano ndi mphamvu chifukwa cha chitukuko mofulumira zochitika ndi pa nthawi yomweyo kudalirika kwa fano la zilembo. Mu kalata, Nathaniel limatiuza mmene anakhalira woyanjana ndi mphunzitsi zachilendo mu sayansi anayamba kuphunzira naye. Kumeneko anakumana makaniko amene anali ofanana kwambiri pulofesa, amene anapha bambo ake. Hero ndi wokonzeka kubwezera koma Mkwatibwi mu kutipo kalata analimbikitsa kusiya maganizo wachisoni kuti kuyendetsa kuti wazungulira mutu. Patapita nthawi, ngwazi ananena kuti analakwa: a makaniko anali basi monga pulofesa, ndi mwanjira kusangalatsa ngwazi wake adamgula telesikopu kudzera amene anayamba kuonerera mwana wa mphunzitsi wake, Olympia, amene anali msungwana wokongola kwambiri. Mu abwenzi pachabe Nathaniel anamutsimikizira kuti iye anali chachilendo kwambiri ndipo akufanana ndi chidole makina (ndipo kunapezeka): ngwazi sakufuna kumva, ndipo, kuiwala za mkwatibwi wake anaganiza kupereka wa Olympia.

zinthu zina

Mmodzi wa ofalitsa ambiri maganizo anali Hoffman. "Sandman", ndi kusanthula ndilo phunziro la ndemanga iyi - umboni bwino. Ankaoneka achisoni ochekenera mankhwala ndi kuchisonyeza makamaka kwambiri pa akuyandikira zolumikizanazo. Hero wokhu- Clara, lomwe linali losavuta mtima mtsikana, kosamugonjera mantha malodza ndi zidindo onyenga. Nathaniel kuwerenga ake nkhani yake yamdima, koma iwo asakudziwa kuti iye anatenga kukhala mphwayi ndi kupusa, pamene Olympia anamvera mnyamata, ziribe kanthu zimene zingatisokoneze. Ataganiza kuti akamufunsirire wake, mnyamatayo anafika kunyumba ya bambo ake, koma mantha wake anapeza chithunzi choopsa: mphunzitsi ndi Professor zoopsa chidole wosweka. Kuyambira zimene anaona Natanayeli misala.

Khalidwe la ngwazi ndi kudzipatula

Mlembi ikufotokozanso - chifanizo cha khalidwe waukulu, ndi n'zaka kwambiri mnyamata amene anali konse kuchotsa obsessions ana awo. Ngakhale chikondi kwa Clara, mtsikana yosavuta mtima, iye anagonjera mantha awo malodza, ndipo atatero misala. Mwatsoka, makings chabwino zinawonongedwa wosweka psyche, omwe sakanakhoza kudzachiritsidwa kapena chikondi Clara ngakhale Ubwenzi m'bale wake Lothar. Mu komaliza, ngwazi ya abwelela kunyumba pambuyo kuwongolera afika thanzi kucheza ndi mkazi wina. Koma tsiku lina akayang'ana spyglass ndi kawiri amapita openga. Pafupifupi kupha Clara, iye wodzipha yekha. Choncho, wolemba otchuka nthano ndi "The Sandman." Hoffman, amene ndemanga za bukhu, ngakhale mavuto, anali abwino kwambiri, kwafika mabuku monga mlengi wa mankhwala ndi kukoma kwambiri komanso zakuda mtundu, koma ndi lingaliro makamaka nthabwala kuti amaona owerenga ambiri ndi anthu otsutsa.