North Star, ndi momwe kupeza Little wonyika pa Big wonyika?

Ngati inu m'mbuyo zaka pakati asterisks ambiri malo m'malo zofunikira wotanganidwa ndi kuwundana Ursa Minor. Umboni ukusonyeza kuti navigation wakale inachokera pa malo a nyenyezi izo. Ngakhale Foinike zina ntchito orienteering Big wonyika, ngakhale kuwala ake okwezeka, zingakuthandizeni kuti ndi zolakwika kwambiri mtima wa njira.

Kodi kupeza Ursa Minor zambiri?

Mwachionekere, ambiri a inu mosavuta kupeza Big wonyika. Ndi kwambiri limaonetseratu ndi kowala. Podziwa kuti magulu awiri ali kumeneko, mosakaika, zidzakhala bwino mmene kupeza Ursa Minor pa Big wonyika. Kuti tichite zimenezi, muyenera maganizo kulumikiza nyenyezi ziwiri zapitazi ya Big wonyika ku Meraka (β Big wonyika) kuti Dubhe (α Ursa Major)), kupitiriza mzere uwu kwa mtunda wa nthawi 5 kuposa mtunda wa pakati pawo. Mu njira iyi, mudzapeza Alpha (Polaris) kuwundana Ursa Minor.

Musanayambe kudabwa momwe kupeza kuwundana Ursa Minor, akudziwa malo Polaris, muyenera kumvetsa zimene mtundu wa chithunzi kupanga kuwala, ndi momwe asterisk za Big wonyika. Kuti limvetse mokwanila: malinga ndi mayina awo, mofanana zokwanira ndi amafanana ndi mawonekedwe a ladle ndi. Koma malo, wonyika Little pafupifupi mozondoka udindo ndi ulemu kwa Big wonyika.

Chidziwitso - mphamvu

Pendani nyenyezi mapu musanayambe kufufuza, izo atsogolere Pofufuza asterisk ndi. Kenako, onetsetsani kuti muli mu kuphweka wa kudziwika kufunika gulu Nyenyezi. Ndipo ngati wina afunsa inu momwe kupeza wonyika Little pa Big wonyika, muli ndi chidziwitso cha mfundo adzatha bwino kufotokoza momwe izo zikuwoneka.

Chabwino, ife tikudziwa tsopano momwe kupeza kuwundana Ursa Minor. Tiyeni tikambirane za North Star imene kupanga mwakhama apaulendo njira ndi ofufuza zakale. Ngakhale kuti si nyenyezi yowala mu nyenyezi, koma ili pafupi ndi dera la kumpoto kwa dziko, zolakwa si upambana 1 °. Patatha zaka 145 zokha, zolakwa malo ali wamkulu kuposa mlingo umodzi.

Pokhapokha 3200, nyenyezi kuti ali pafupi ndi dera la kumpoto kwa dziko, Alderamin (Alpha Cephei).

"Kuli" chimbalangondo ndi mchira wa olamulira a dziko lapansi

North Star sasintha ililipo, ngakhale kufalitsa tsiku la dziko lapansi kuzungulira nguli ndi chisonyezo pachaka mu kanjira kake dzuwa. Kuwala kukutsogolerani kuwala mwamphamvu si nthawi zonse ndi kusintha masiku periodicity 4, mwa 2,02 ± 2%. Poyamba, matalikidwe a luminance anali apamwamba lero ali okhazikika. Kuwala wonse wa North Star nthawi zonse kukula ndi chawonjezeka ndi pafupifupi 15% pa zaka otsiriza zana.

pulsation zachilengedwe chikugwirizana ndi katundu wa kuwala, umo ndi mmene zinthu Cepheids. Kutitsogolera Star ndi chimodzi mwa Cepheids yowala mu usiku.
Little wonyika mu mlengalenga ali m'dera za 255,9 madigiri lalikulu. anansi ake apamtima ndi chinjoka, Cepheus. Mu Asterisk, monga tanenera kale, ndi kuyikidwa, ndi North Pole wa World - mfundo ya dera m'mwamba, kumene zinthu zonse zokhudza izo. Kutchula koyamba magwero mbiri anapangidwa ndi wambwebwe Greek Ptolemy m'zaka II.

Ursa Minor ndi nyenyezi zake

Kapangidwe ka Small wonyika kuwundana tichipeza zinthu zisanu ndi ziwiri yowala. Nyenyezi zonse Little wonyika kuoneka bwino bwino zitatu zokha mwa chidwi kwambiri. Iwo Ferhad ndi Yoyeserera Ursae Minoris kupanga makoma a ladle, ndipo korona ndi chogwirira kuwundana North Star. Pamwamba mchira wa Big wonyika zili zapitazi nyenyezi ziwiri.

Small Chidebe yosiyana ku magulu ena. Sizisintha malo mu mlengalenga, ngati Big wonyika ambiri Asterisk zina nyengo. Iwo Tingaone mu nyengo yina, ndipo iwo ali makina kudzulu pa chaka. Ursa Minor amasintha malo ake, likuzungulira Alpha ake.

"Alefa ndi Omega" wa kuwundana Ursa Minor mu kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi

Alpha (North Star) wonyika Little ili pa mtunda ku Earth 431 chaka kuwala. Ndi ukulu akuoneka wofanana 2,02. Monga zinadziwika, si chimodzi, koma nyenyezi atatu ogwirizana dongosolo limodzi. Yowala pakati pawo, pafupifupi nthawi 2000 kuwala kwa dzuwa. Nyenyezi yachiwiri Ursa Minor ali ndi unyinji wa 1,39 dzuwa. Iwo Tingaone ndi makinawa yaing'ono. Nyenyezi lachitatu chachikulu kuposa athu Dzuwa Alpha wa 1,25, ndipo mokwanira pafupi woyamba. Mothandizidwa ndi zakutali ndi "Hubble" wakhala zotheka kuona ngati nyenyezi imodzi.

Beta Ursae Minoris - chimphona lalanje, Chiarabu "The Star ya North". Chachiwiri yowala nyenyezi, ndi beta, mu kuwundana wa chidebe Small ndi ukulu wa 2.8 ndi inachotsedwa Lapansi 126 kuwala zaka.

Ferhad - Popanga madzi a gamma Ursa Minor, ndi ukulu wa 3.6, pa mtunda ndi 480 kuwala zaka kutali. Mundawu imatengedwa, chimphona otentha ndi kutentha 8600 K ndipo amatanthauza mtundu variable nyenyezi.

Delta Small wonyika, kapena Yildun - ndi nyenyezi yaing'ono yoyera, yomwe inali pa mtunda wa zaka 183 kuwala.

Zeta - nyenyezi yaing'ono wina, woyera ndi ili pa mtunda wa zaka 380 kuwala kwa Earth. Mphamvu ya chowala ake nthaŵi 200 kuposa dzuwa. Iye amakhala mu njira ya mapangidwe nyenyezi chiphonacho.

North Star inu siidzatha

Mwina izi zonse sagwira ntchito, koma kudziŵa kwanu ochulukirapo. Ndipo ngati inu modzidzimutsa kusochera m'nkhalangomo ndipo palibe foni, kumbukirani momwe kupeza Ursa Minor pa Big wonyika. Inu tikupita kupeza Polaris ndi Asia imene malangizo ndi kumpoto.

Thambo ndi zonse zinsinsi ndi zinsinsi za wosadziwika

Ngakhale popanda zakutali, monga kujambula diso zounikira usiku, mudzaona mmene osiyanasiyana chilengedwe chathu chachikulu. Kuwundana Ursa Minor - kokha yaing'ono kuonekera gawo la izo. Malire ndi kukula kwa kuziona kwa ife lero motsimikizika. Ichi ndi moona chimphona kukula, m'litali - biliyoni 14 kuwala zaka.

Koma ngati thambo kwenikweni? Ganizo amanditenga maganizo a asayansi aakulu. Iwo hypothesize kafukufuku, kutsutsana ndi kuyesetsa kumvetsa ngati limeneli ndilo? Akatswiri ena ponena kuti chilengedwe chonse ali wopandamalire, ena - kuti pali multiverse.

Ndipo N'kutheka kuti mmodzi wa iwo ali lapansi, dziko ndi buku inu. Chirichonse n'zotheka, sayansi zonse amakankhira chotchinga cha zosadziwika ndipo anabisidwa kwa maganizo athu, zonse kutsimikizira kuti zimene zikuwoneka wosangalatsa lero kukhala chenicheni mawa.