Nkhaka "mpikisano": ndemanga, kufotokoza, kulima ndi zithunzi

Odyetsa amapanga mitundu yambiri ya mbewu za masamba chaka chilichonse. Zowonjezera, zokoma, zolemetsa, zisanachitike - izi ndizo makhalidwe awo. Koma wamaluwa, ngakhale kuchuluka kwa mitundu yatsopano, amapitirizabe kufesa akale ndi kuyesedwa nthawi zonse. Mmodzi wa iwo ndi nkhaka "mpikisano".

Kufotokozera

"Wopikisana" ndi osiyanasiyana oyambirira. Mbewu zimere bwino. Chomera chimayamba kubala chipatso pambuyo pa mwezi ndi theka pambuyo kutuluka. "Wopikisana" ndi nkhaka yochuluka kwambiri.

Ili ndi zipatso zofiira kwambiri zobiriwira. Kutalika - kuchokera 9 mpaka 12 cm, kulemera - kuchokera 70 mpaka 100 g.

Zolinga zosiyanasiyana. Nkhaka zingadye mwatsopano (chokoma kwambiri) kapena zamzitini.

"Wopikisana" sagonjetsedwa ndi matenda akuluakulu, akukhudza banja lonse la dzungu. Kulikula mu greenhouses ndi lotseguka pansi.

Mbewu yofesa

Mbewu za nkhaka zimabzalidwa zouma kapena zimamera. Koma ayenera kukhala chaka chatha, kapena kuti adakali okalamba: patapita nthawi mbewuzo zimakhalapo, maluwa ambiri aakazi amapangidwa pamimba. Mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya nkhaka ndi yabwino kulima kwa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi.

Musanayambe kumera mbeu, amafunika kuyimitsidwa - gwiritsani mphindi 10 peresenti ya mchere. Mbewu zomwe zakhazikika pansi zimatsukidwa ndi madzi oyera ndikusungira tsiku limodzi mu njira yofooka yowonongeka (boric acid, manganese) ya disinfection.

Kenaka youma kufesa kapena kumera.

Kuti muchite izi:

• Ikani mbale, yokutidwa ndi nsalu yonyowa. Penyani kuti siuma. Ndikofunikira kuti musaphonye nthawi yomwe kachilombo kamene kamatuluka kuchokera ku mbewu, ikhale theka malinga ndi kutalika kwake. Mbewu za nkhaka zimakula mwamsanga. Amafesedwa pamalo otseguka, wowonjezera kutentha, mbande kapena mapiritsi. Ngati panthawi ino chomera chikukula kwambiri, zidzakhala zovuta kuti zizuke.
• Pogwiritsira ntchito njira yopanda nthaka, tepi ya polyethylene imakonzedwa, pepala lakumbudzi limayikidwa pa izo, mbewu zimayikidwa pafupi ndi mbali imodzi. Mtunda pakati pawo ndi masentimita awiri. Kenaka tepi iyi yagudubuzika mu mpukutu ndi kuyikidwa mu galasi kapena chidebe china chophweka ndi madzi. Sitiyenera kufika mbewu. Pang'onopang'ono chinyezi chimatuluka pamwamba pa mapulopala a pepala ndikusakaniza mbeu. Iwo adzaphuka pa kutentha kwa madigiri 26. Mukamera, muyenera kumasula tepi ndikufesa mbewu

Ikani mabokosi kapena nyerere kuti mufike masentimita 1 masentimita. Kutentha kwafupika kufika 22 ° C masana ndipo mpaka 16 ° C usiku. Madzi okwanira ndi madzi ofunda.

Pofulumizitsa fruiting, mbande zikhoza kuchepetsedwa.

Dyetsani ndi mankhwala amadzimadzi a mullein kapena manyowa a nkhuku. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mineral feteleza: superphosphate, urea, potaziyamu sulphate.

Ndikofunika kuti nyengo isamalidwe bwino kuti ikhale yokonzeka kulimbana ndi kuzizira.

Kukonzekera kwa dothi

Otsogola bwino a nkhaka ndi anyezi, tomato, mbatata.

Zomalizira zimamera nthaka ndi mchere kapena feteleza. Mu kasupe, kumbani kapena kulima nthaka.

M'pofunika kudziwa pasadakhale njira yakukula nkhaka. Iwo akhoza kufesedwa mzere, kusiya malo ochulukirapo kuti afalikire zilonda. Mukhoza kufesa chimanga chokoma pafupi ndi nkhaka, zomwe azigwiritsa ntchito ngati chithandizo.

Kukula pa trellises

Chochuluka, nkhaka mwakula pa trellises. Izi zimachitidwa kuti zisasokonezedwe ndi peronosporosis (powdery mildew). Zimayambitsa chinyezi, chomwe chimagwera pambali panthaka. Kuchokera ku peronosporosa nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi nkhaka "mpikisano".

Kukula pa trellises kumapereka mpata wotetezera ku matenda ndikuthandiza kusiya. Kukweza zimayambira pansi, kukhale kosavuta kukolola zipatso, kuwonjezera nthawi ya fruiting ndi zokolola. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuyamba kugwira ntchito pang'ono.

Kukula mwanjira imeneyi oyambirira mitundu, kuphatikizapo nkhaka "mpikisano".

Tsatanetsatane wa ndondomeko yoyikira:

• Mitengo yowika kuti ikhale yoyenera kudutsa pakati pa mizere.
• Sakanizani waya mumitsinje angapo kapena kukoka makonde a nkhaka. Kutalika kwa nyumbayi kumatha kufika 1 mamita 70 cm.
• M'nthaka yokonzeka pansi pa ukonde, mbande zimabzalidwa kapena mbewu zimabzalidwa mozama masentimita imodzi ndi hafu. Mbande zili ndi masamba enieni anayi omwe amafika pakapita nthawi. Pa mita mitala ayenera kukhala zidutswa pafupifupi 15. Ndi nkhwangwa ili, nkhaka imakhala "mpikisano". Malingaliro akulangizidwa kuti apange mzere umodzi umodzi wa zomera izi pakati pa trellises. Izi zidzakuthandizani kusunga malo, koma zidzakulepheretsa kubzala.

Nthawi yofesa nkhaka? Nthaka kutentha ayenera kukhala 15 ° C. Kufesa kumadera akum'mwera kumapangidwa mu theka lachiwiri la mwezi wa April. Kumpoto - m'zaka khumi za May. Mbewu zimamera mu sabata.

Pamene mukukula nkhaka pa gridi, zina zowonjezera sizifunika. Ngati waya amagwiritsidwa ntchito, titatha kuyanika ndi kupanga chiwerengero cha zomera, nkofunika kukhazikitsa zothandizira pa nsonga iliyonse ndi twine kapena chingwe. Makasikidwe osiyanasiyana "mpikisano" akhala akuthawa nthawi yaitali. Mphukira idzamatira kumatsinje kuti athandizidwe ndi kukwera. Koma choyamba amafunika kuti atsogoleredwe, omangirizidwa ku trellis.

Kuthirira

Mbande amamwe madzi nthawi zonse. Kunali koti kukonkha ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yodziwira. Koma zimathandiza kupha nkhaka ndi powdery mildew. Nthawi zina zizindikiro zake zimawonekera tsiku lachiwiri pambuyo kuthirira.

Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri mumathira madzi mwapadera makonzedwe. Amafunika kupanga madzi kuti azitha kuyenda pang'onopang'ono momwe zingathere. Kuti muchite izi, mukhoza kumasula nthaka kapena kuigwedeza.

Koma simukufunikira kudzaza chiwembucho. Izi zingachititse kuwonongeka kwa mizu. Mukhoza kuwonjezera mitengo ya ulimi wothirira pa fruiting. Nkhaka kutsanulira m'mawa kapena madzulo.

Kupaka pamwamba

Pambuyo pa njirayi, zomera zimayenera kuthiriridwa, kuti zisatenthe mizu. Mukhoza kuchepetsa njira ziwirizi kukhala imodzi. Dyetsani yankho la mullein kapena nkhuku manyowa, feteleza mchere.

Kupanga chitsamba

Mukamabzala ndi msinkhu wambiri, simungapange mpesa kuchokera ku masamba monga nkhaka "mpikisano". Maganizo a alimi amati ngati zomera zakula, ndiye kuti amafunika kutsina.

Mphukira zoyamba zimachotsedwa pambuyo popanga zipatso zingapo. Zotsatira, monga tsinde yaikulu, zimangirizidwa pa trellis.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Nkhaka zambiri zimakhudzidwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Ndi powdery mildew, maolivi ndi angular spotting (bacteriosis), wamba mosaic, cladosporium. Pofuna kupewa matendawa, nkhaka mu siteji imodzi kapena masamba awiri enieni amachizidwa ndi kukonzekera kophatikizapo mkuwa. Awa ndi mkuwa wa chloride, Bordeaux madzi. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa nthawi ya mbeu pamene zizindikiro za matendawa zikuwonekera. Chitani izi m'mawa kwambiri kapena madzulo, kuti pasakhale masamba otentha pa masamba.

Ndi nthata, nsabwe za m'masamba zimalimbana ndi ma carbofos khumi.

Kukolola

Pamene mukukula nkhaka pa trellises, zokololazo zawonjezeka. Ndipo zipatso za zomera zakula kuchokera ku mbande zimakololedwa 20, kapena ngakhale masiku 25 mmbuyomo kuposa omwe anabzala pansi. Izi zimapereka mpata wokolola bwino mpaka pakati pa July, pamene nkhaka "mpikisano" imakhudzidwa ndi powdery mildew.

Malingaliro a alimi amanena kuti m'deralo liyenera kukwaniritsa zosiyana siyana. Komanso, simungabzalidwe nokha. Pambuyo pake, ngati sangapereke zokolola, mudzasiyidwa popanda nkhaka. Njira yowonjezera pa trellis mothandizidwa ndi mbande ndi yabwino kwa lamba wapakati, kuphatikizapo zosiyanasiyana zosiyanasiyana.

Ndemanga zochokera kwa ogula m'dera la Moscow zimasonyeza kuti sagwiritsa ntchito nkhaka kuchokera ku wowonjezera kutentha kwa pickling ndi kusunga . Iwo amawopa kuti zivindi zidzakula, ndipo kuyesetsa kwawo konse kudzakhala kopanda pake.

Mitundu ya nkhaka za Moscow dera:

• "Zozulya" - oyambirira, zipatso mpaka masentimita 23 ndikulemera kufika 300 g. Kulimbana ndi powdery mildew, koma imakhudzidwa ndi zovunda zoyera.
• "Chimanga cha Moravia" ndi mtundu wosakanizidwa wa chilengedwe chonse. Zipatso - mpaka masentimita 10 m'litali. Njuchi-mungu.
• "Herman" ndi wosakanizidwa ndi parthenocarpic. Otchuka kwambiri chifukwa choyamba kusasitsa ndi zipatso zabwino. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga saladi ndi pickling.
• Nkhaka ndi "mpikisano". Malingaliro a alimi a galimoto amasonyeza kuti iye ali wobala kwambiri ndi wodzichepetsa ku zikhalidwe za kulima.

Mitundu yochuluka kwambiri ya nkhaka:

• "Hector" F1 - nkhaka yamtengo wa nkhaka. Kulimbana ndi matenda ndi kusowa kwa chinyezi.
• "Sparta" ndi wosakanizidwa ndi njuchi. Zipatso zili ndi khungu lofewa, choncho ndizoyenera kuteteza ndi salting.
• "Altai Kumayambiriro" - imatuluka mwamsanga (pa tsiku la 37) ndi kulolera.
• "Evita" - amayamikiridwa chifukwa cha kukoma kwa zipatso. Iwo sali owawa nkomwe.

Mitundu ya nkhaka yamadzulo ya madera nthawi zonse si yabwino chifukwa cholephera kuyendetsa mkhalidwe wa derali, ngakhale kuti ali atsogoleri okolola.

Makasikoma amwenye ndi osangalatsa, omwe amakula ndi masentimita 7 pa tsiku. Iwo amakana ndi dontho la kutentha.

Mitundu ya Chitchaina yakucha kwambiri ndipo imakhala ndi fungo labwino kwambiri. Izi ndizo "zozizwitsa zachi China", "wait-jo" mitundu.