Hibiscus mathithi: kubzala ndi kusamalira

Posachedwapa, msika wa osatha munda mbewu wakhala kwambiri kwambiri. Kale palibe wodabwitsidwa kukomana m'munda m'madera osati miyambo yachiroma ya chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe, komanso kukongoletsera kunja kwa atsopano, omwe adawoneka osati kale kwambiri, koma nthawi yomweyo adagonjetsa chikondi cha abalimi achi Russia. Mitengo imeneyi imaphatikizapo mchigwa wa hibiscus - woimira banja la Malvov, kukopa chidwi cha kukongola kosangalatsa kwa maluwa akuluakulu, kukwanitsa kusintha mkhalidwe wovuta wa nyengo yozizira komanso kudzichepetsa kwambiri. Ponena za kulimbikitsa chikhalidwe chokondweretsa, zofunikira za agrotechnical ndi malamulo oyang'anira chisamaliro adzakambidwa m'nkhaniyi.

Kuchokera mu mbiriyakale ya chomera

Wachibadwidwe wa malo otentha komanso otentha, dambo la hibiscus, kapena herbaceous, lokhazikitsidwa m'minda yam'munda. Zogwirizana ndi dzina lake, komanso kunyumba, izi zimatha kukula mofulumira, zimakhala zokongola kwambiri komanso zimamasuka bwino, ngati zimaperekedwa ndi zinthu zofunikira - zabwino zowonongeka ndi kutetezedwa ku mphepo, dzuŵa. Maganizo apadera kwa ulimi wothirira mowolowa manja wa mbewu izi zinayambitsa maonekedwe ena, otchuka kwambiri, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi wamaluwa - mallow marsh.

Mtsinje wa Hibiscus: zithunzi ndi mbali za mbewu

Hibiscus, wolemekezeka monga chizindikiro cha dziko lonse la mayiko a East Asia, ndi wotchuka chifukwa cha maluŵa ake okongola ndi korona zokongola kwambiri, mawanga ofiira otentha a terracotta akuphulika pamapeto pake ndi kufika 12-16 masentimita. Zochititsa chidwi ndi zazikulu zobiriwira, pang'ono incised masamba mwachidule petioles kusunga awo ornamentality pamaso isanayambike ozizira nyengo. Bokosi lopsa, lopangidwa pambuyo pa maluwa, limagawanika timapepala timadzaza ndi mbewu zing'onozing'ono zobiriwira.

Hibiscus marsh imakula mpaka mamita 2.5-3, ndipo m'lifupi mwake chitsamba chimakhala cha 1 mamita 1.8 mamita awiri. Wothirira pamphepete mwa mbewu zingapo, mwamsanga mutembenuke kukhala khoma labwino kwambiri, kuti malowa akhale okongola kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti kumayambira kum'mwera, chomeracho chimakhala ndi nyengo yozizira yozizira kwambiri ndipo nyengoyi imatha kupulumuka ku Siberia m'nyengo yamapiri. Kukhalapo kwa chisanu chochititsa chidwi ndikulonjeza kuti nyengo yozizira idzayendera bwino, yomwe nthawi yake yamoyo imakhala m'kuyenda bwino kwafika zaka 18-23. Chovuta kwa hibiscus ndiko kuchepetsa chigawo cha thermometer mpaka -30 ° C. Kumadzulo kwakumadzulo kumatulutsa pachiyambi cha June mpaka kugwa.

Kulima

Chofunika cha chomera chimafikira kokha kuchuluka kwa chinyezi chofunikira. Muzinthu zina, chikhalidwe n'chodabwitsa kuti ndichabechabe, ndipo aliyense akhoza kulikula, chifukwa nsomba ya hibiscus ikhoza kumva bwino mu mphika pa khonde, loggia kapena m'nyumba, ngakhale poyambirira imayendera kulima panja.

Malo abwino odzala hibiscus ndi amvula, madzi kapena ali pafupi ndi dziwe labwino la sunlit ndi nthaka yosavomerezeka kapena yopanda ndale. Ndimthunzi wodalirika wa webusaitiyi. Pachifukwa ichi, masambawo amakhala ocheperapo ndi akuluakulu, ndipo pachimake sichikusowa.

Kubalana kwa hibiscus: cuttings kufalitsa

Hibiscus mathithi amafalitsidwa ndi cuttings ndi mbewu. Njira zonsezi ndizofanana, koma cuttings ndi osavuta komanso ofala pakati pa wamaluwa. Dulani, oyenera achinyamata mphukira, odulidwa ndi mpeni m'chaka, ndi kuwachitira ndi mapangidwe apadera omwe amachititsa rooting (mwachitsanzo, "Kornevin", "Epin", "Zircon"), amawathira mchenga ndi peat. Kunyumba, theka kwa miyezi iwiri. The optimum kutentha kwa bwino rooting ndi 23-28 ° C. Mu June iwo abzalidwa lotseguka pansi. Mwezi wa December, alimi omwe alimila bwino, omwe amadziwa bwino mbewu, amalimbikitsa kuti azikhala ndi spruce, linden, tsamba la masamba kapena chophimba chopangidwa ndi nsalu - lutrasil. Ndi mazira oyambirira a chisanu, mutha kutenga chisanu pa thunthu. Idzateteza nthaka kuti ikhale yoziziritsa, komanso mizu yachangu ku imfa.

Cuttings akhoza kuchitika m'chilimwe. Pankhaniyi, mizu yodulidwa, yomwe inasanduka mbande, idzalidwira chaka chotsatira ndipo pali mwayi wochuluka wopulumuka.

Mmene mungakulire hibiscus ku mbewu

Popanda kulima bwino, hibiscus imachokera ku mbewu. Iwo amafesedwa mu Januwale, omwe asankhidwa kale. Mbewu imadzaza ndi madzi ndipo otsotrirovyvayut ikukhazikika pansi. Mbewu iliyonse imapyozedwa ndi singano kuti iwonetsere kudzikuza ndi kuyikidwa mu njira ya biostimulator kwa maola angapo. Pambuyo pake, nyembazo zouma ndipo zimabzalidwa ndi chisakanizo cha peat ndi vermiculite (2: 1), mofanana kufalikira pamwamba pa gawo lapansi ndikunyengerera pang'ono. Chidebecho chimadzazidwa ndi galasi kapena filimu, kupanga phokoso la wowonjezera kutentha ndi chofunikira cha microclimate. Mabokosi a mbewu amaikidwa m'chipindacho ndi kutentha kwa mpweya wa 25 ° C ndipo amapereka kutentha kuchokera pansipa kwa maola angapo patsiku.

Mbali za kusamalira mbande

Tsiku ndi tsiku akuwombera mbande ndi kupopera mbewuyo gawo lapansi ndi madzi a mfuti kuti asunge chinyezi. Pambuyo pa kumera kwa mbeu, filimuyo imachotsedwa, ndikusiya zitsulo pamalo otentha ndi ofunda. Mbande sizingakhoze kuima bwino ndi kuwala bwino kwa dzuwa, kotero chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa kuti chitsimikizire kuti zinthu zili bwino pa gawo lofunika ili.

Zomera zadothi pamiphika zimapangidwa pamene 3-5 timapepala timapezeka pa mbande. Pakati pa mbande za mbidzi, hibiscus sichidyetsedwa, pokhapokha pokhapokha pokhapokha pokhapokha palipakati pokhapokha mchere umaphatikizidwa ku dothi la mchenga. Izi ndizo malamulo a zamagetsi a kubereka kwa chikhalidwe monga hibiscus marsh. Kulima kumbewu kapena cuttings sikumayenderana ndi mavuto apadera, koma mbewu yomwe imapezeka ndi cuttings, limamasula kale kwa zaka 1-2.

Mbande zimabzalidwa mmunda pokhapokha nthaka ikawomba bwino, ndipo kuopsezedwa kwa kasupe chisanu kumatha. Ngati mukukonzekera kukula mu bukhu la pottery, mlingo wa chidebecho ndi kusuntha kulikonse kuyenera kuwonjezeka m'mimba mwake ndi 1.5-2 cm.

Hibiscus mathithi: kubzala ndi kusamalira. Zithunzi

Musanabzala hibiscus panja, m'pofunikira kusamalira kukonza malo. Kokani dzenje lolowera mofanana ndi kukula kwa mizu ya mmera. Nthaka yachonde yopanda nthaka imaphatikizidwa ndi masamba a kompositi kapena humus, omwe angathe kuwomboledwa ndi 30-40 magalamu a feteleza ovuta kwambiri. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti zakudya zowonjezereka zimakhala zovuta pa chikhalidwe monga hibiscus marsh. Kulima ndi kusamalira zomera kumaphatikizapo kuletsa kwina mu njira yodyetsera: kusowa kwa feteleza chifukwa sikofunikira, pamene feteleza mopitirira muyeso nthawi yomweyo imakhudzanso hibiscus ndi kusoweka kwa kukongoletsa. Njira yabwino yopangira chakudya mukamabzala akadali mtundu wabwino.

Mdzenje umadzazidwa ndi kukonzedwa kwa dziko lapansi kwa magawo atatu, kutsanulira ndi mthunzi, kuyika mmera mmenemo, kufalitsa mizu pamtambo ndikuphimba ndi nthaka, kenako nthaka ikhale yodzaza ndi madzi otentha. Pofuna kutaya chinyezi kuzungulira mmera, mupange kanyumba kakang'ono kamene kamasunga madzi. Kwa sabata, kambewu kamene kamathirira madzi tsiku ndi tsiku. Izi zimachepetsanso nkhawa chifukwa chofika pamtunda ndipo zimathandizira kuti zizulidwe mofulumira. Nyengo ziwiri zoyambirira zili ndi chomera chaching'ono m'nyengo yozizira, pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zapadera, ruberoid kapena lapnik. Kamtsikana kakang'ono kakuyamba maluwa kwa zaka 3-4.

Chisamaliro: chomwe wamaluwa ayenera kudziwa

Shrub ikulekerera bwino kupanga zokopa ndi kusunga mawonekedwe omwe amapatsidwa nthawi yonse, yomwe imayamikiridwa makamaka ndi omwe amapanga munda. Chitani njirayi kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira kapena kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, musanayambe kuyamwa ndi kutupa kwa impso. Kuphatikizapo mapangidwe a korona, kudulira mitengo kumakhalanso ndi ukhondo: zomera, kumasulidwa kwa odwala, shrunken ndi kuphulika, zimakula bwino komanso molimba mtima, zimakondweretsa wamaluwa ndi maluwa okoma. Monga zomera zambiri za m'munda, hibiscus imafuna chisamaliro chachikhalidwe, chokhala ndi ulimi wothirira, kutsegula nthaka mu mitengo ikuluikulu, kulimbikitsa aeration ya mizu, ndi kuimbidwa nthawi ndi nthawi.

Kupaka pamwamba: nthawi ndi chiyani kuti manyowa

Kukula bwino kwa chikhalidwe kumalimbikitsidwa ndi kudya nthawi zonse. Hibiscus mchenga, kusamalira zomwe sizili zolemetsa, ayenera kulandira zakudya zamadzimadzi kawiri pachaka: nayitrogeni feteleza (mwachitsanzo, humus kapena kulowetsedwa kwa manyowa owonjezera) m'chaka ndi phosphate-potashi mu autumn. Mavitrogeni amachititsa kukula kwa chikhalidwe, ndipo phosphorous ndi potaziyamu zimathandiza minofu ya zomera kuti ipulumuke nyengo yotentha.

Kodi cuttings ndi chiyani?

Kudulira koyamba kwa hibiscus kumachitika pamene shrub imatha kufika 0,6 mamita mu msinkhu. Zifikitsidwa ndi theka la kukula, motero zimayambitsa nthambi yowonjezera komanso mapangidwe a foliar. Chomera chachikulu chimachitika kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira, kudula mitengo yowumitsa, kumayambira zakale ndikusiya mbali ya chitsamba. Onani kuti kukanikiza ndi kudulira - njira ndizovomerezeka, simungathe kunyalanyaza, chifukwa hibiscus idzatambasula mmwamba, sichidzapindula phindu lobiriwira, mwachitsanzo, kuchepetsa kwambiri kukongoletsa.

Awa ndiwo magawo akulu a chisamaliro cha chomera chodabwitsa chotere, monga hibiscus marsh. Kukula chikhalidwe chokongola ichi - njirayi ndi yosavuta komanso pansi pa mphamvu ya wosadziŵa zambiri.