Ndi otanthauzira chiyani? ndi otanthauzira chinenero Russian chiyani?

N'kovuta kupeza munthu amene kamodzi pa moyo wanga anayang'ana mu dikishonare. Ndi thandizo lawo, tidzakolola tanthauzo la mawu enaake, sankhani ofanana ndi otsutsana nawo, komanso kuphunzira zambiri latsopano.

Tiyeni tikambirane zimene ali otanthauzira, kodi gulu lawo ndi kukumbukira "chilankhulo atsogoleri" yaikulu ya chinenero cha Chirasha.

The sayansi ya madikishonale

Lexicography - mmodzi wa masamba a zilankhulo, polimbana ndi mavuto a kuphunzira ndi kulemba otanthauzira. Limachita mbali yaikulu ku gulu la izo, kulamula nkhanizi ndi wokhutira awo.

Asayansi analemba otanthauzira, olemba mabuku otanthauzira amadzitcha okha. Nkofunika kudziwa kuti olemba a otanthauzira pali kokha ankalemba. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti iwo anapanga ndi makadi wapadera amene anakonza tanthauzo la mawu ndi Matupi awo. Mu nkhani iyi, kompayila akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito panokha anasonkhana makadi awo, komanso makadi anasonkhana ndi ndodo ya akatswiri a zinenero.

Kenako tiona kodi otanthauzira chinenero Russian adzadziwa amene anawapanga iwo.

Gulu la otanthauzira zamakono

Onse otanthauzira ndi mainsaikulopediya anawagawa philological kapena chinenero.

otanthauzira Buku malipoti zokhudza zochitika zosiyanasiyana. A chitsanzo chapadera cha dikishonale ngati angathe kutumikira monga BES - Great Buku Dictionary. Kutsatira otanthauzira Buku la mawu.

ndi otanthauzira zinenero zimene? Danae otanthauzira gulu kukutsogolerani ndi mawu ndi kumasulira kwawo. Iwo agawanika pa nzeru ndi Monolingual.

Nzeru Amasulira mawu osonyeza chinenero Russian ndi lofanana ndi chinenero china.

otanthauzira Monolingual anawagawa m'magulu malinga kopita kwawo.

The zambiri ntchito mitundu ya madikishonale

ndi otanthauzira a mtundu chiyani? Pakati otanthauzira Monolingual ayenera allocated motere;

1. Ofotokozera, yomwe kutanthauzira kwa mawu yofunika amafotokozedwa.
2. Dictionary wa neologisms - lili ndi mndandanda wa posachedwapa analowa mawu ndi kumasulira kwawo.
3. mawu achilendo - analanda osati mawu koma ananenanso a chinenero zimene chatifika.
4. Mau ofanana - zimathandiza kukatenga ofanana. Iwo n'chakuti mndandanda wa mawu ofanana tanthauzo ndi yakuti, ambiri ntchito synonymously zino.
5. Otsutsana - antonymous limapangidwa awiri mawu.
6. Homonyms - limafotokoza waukulu homonymous awiriawiri, Zimenezi zikusonyeza kufunika kwa mawu, makamaka ntchito kulankhula.
7. Phrasebook - lili ndi mndandanda wa phraseologisms onse odziwika ndi Kuwapatsa kutanthauzira.
8. Kalembedwe otanthauzira - amasonyeza tanthauzo kalembedwe wa mawu - gawo la mawu lake, ali mbali yake yaikulu.
9. Kalembedwe - kumathandiza kupewa zolakwa ambiri mu kulemba mawu.
10. Kwa kalembedwe ka mawu - kukonza ka zoona mawu.
11. Derivational - amasonyeza maziko zimene ankagwiritsa ntchito pa mapangidwe mawu, zomwe mbali tichipeza (prefixes, suffixes, mizu).
12. Dictionary achipongwe - amathandiza kusankha achipongwe bwino kwambiri ina chachikazi.
13. Etymological dictionary - limafotokoza nkhani ya zikamera wa kulankhula.

Wotchuka Russian otanthauzira

Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane chinachake, kodi Russian otanthauzira.

• Odziwika bwino kwambiri akuganiza kuti "ofotokozera Dictionary a Russian Language", analemba ndi odziwika bwino katswiri V. I. Dalem. bukuli lili ndi mawu pafupifupi 200 zikwi. Ngakhale kuti anali kale kuposa zaka, amaliwerenga ndi mmodzi mwa lathunthu kwambiri ndipo ntchito nthawi amakono.
• The chachiwiri ofunika "Dictionary" analemba ndi wina zilankhulo wotchuka S. I. Ozhegovym.
• "Popereka dictionary" linatulutsidwa akatswiri a zinenero awiri osiyana - R. I. Avanesovym ndi IL Reznichenko. Onse ndi mndandanda chidwi mawu mawu ndi zothandiza osati kwa ana asukulu ndi ophunzira.
• Tiyeni tionenso "Mfotokozera Wamawu Ofananira" Z. E. Aleksandrovoy ndi "otsutsana Dictionary" lolembedwa ndi L. A. Vvedenskoj.

Kodi otanthauzira panobe? Phunzirani mbiri ya ambiri mawu athu mwachizolowezi angalunjikitsidwe kwa Labor N. M. Shanskogo "Mwachidule etymological dikishonale ya chinenero cha Chirasha" ndipo timudziwe bwino phraseology ndi phindu awo "Phraseological dikishonale ya Russian Language" AI Molotkova.

Iwo ayenera kukumbukira "Dictionary mavuto a chinenero cha Chirasha", lolembedwa ndi wotchuka Russian philologist, analemba mabuku angapo ndi malamulo a Chirasha D. E. Rosenthal ndipo M. A. Telenkovoy.

ife kutchulidwa mabuku kwa zaka zambiri, koma nawonso ali ofunitsitsa kutithandiza ndi kugawana nzeru zawo. Tsopano inu mukudziwa zomwe otanthauzira lapansi. List kuperekedwa ndi ife, mwachidule, koma ngakhale mabuku awa zokwanira nthawizonse kukhala kulemba ndi wophunzira aliyense.

Kapangidwe ka kulowa dikishonare

Pomaliza, Ndikufuna kuwonjezera mawu ochepa za dongosolo la kulowa dikishonare.

kulowa aliyense dictionary imayamba ndi chamutu mawu, zomwe nthawi zambiri zotchulidwa mu zilembo zazikulu ndiponso molimba mtima.

Tikumbukenso mwakamodzi kuti, monga ntchito otanthauzira mawu zonse zinalembedwa molondola, ngati simuli wotsimikiza za kalembedwe olondola a mawu, osati kwenikweni amatchula dikishonare kalembedwe. Monga kutsegula ufulu kupezeka mosavuta.

M'madikishonale ambiri, komanso limasonyeza ka zolondola. Mfundozi adzasunga pafupifupi onse otanthauzira Russian. Kodi ngakhale tagging?

Pamene nkhani chamutu ndi mawu gawo la mawu adzaupereka. Ndiye anafotokoza tanthauzo kapena mndandanda wa ofanana matanthauzo, otsutsana - izo zidalira pa mtundu wa dictionary. Dictionary kulowa udzatha zitsanzo za ntchito - ndi zilembedwe za m'mabukhu, magazini. Ngati mawu awa makamaka ntchito kumapeto kwa nkhaniyi ndi zambiri anasonyeza.

anapezazo

Timamvetsetsa lexicography zimene, zomwe ndi otanthauzira ndi kufunika kwake zalembedwa mitundu ikuluikulu, ndipo anachititsanso mndandanda wa zothandiza kwambiri kwa munthu aliyense ophunzira kwambiri.

Kumbukirani, ngati muli ndi vuto kulemba kapena katchulidwe ka mawu, akhoza kusankha bwino kwambiri, chabe kutsegula njira imodzi mwa zotsatirazi mabuku kukhudzana.