Ndi cantata zosiyanasiyana zimene

ndi cantata Kodi - mtundu wanyimbo kapena ntchito limodzi? Ndipo kodi m'munda wa zilandiridwenso anthu adzaupereka? Literature? Music? cantata oratorio zambiri kusokonezedwa ndi, kapena Madrigal Sonata. M'nkhaniyi tiona pamene mtundu wanyimbo anabadwa ndi mmene Kutacha. Onani zitsanzo zodziwika cantatas kufufuza ngati mwangwiro ntchito mpingo ulaliki kapangidwe zokongoletsa, anthu wodziimira music, executable mu philharmonics. Ndipo ndithudi, ife adzalipira ena amamvetsera cantatas Ioganna Sebastyana Bach, amene anamuukitsa kuti apamwamba mlingo wa chitukuko.

magwero

Mizu mbiri ya mtundu wanyimbo kuti zimapezeka Ages Middle. The troubadour ndakatulo ankachitabe motsatirana ndakatulo recitative ndi limodzi nyimbo. Kungotchula ankafotokoza mfundo yaikulu - zochitika m'mbiri ya kusinkhasinkha mwauzimu. Kenako lyrics, anachita payekha, ndinayamba nyimbo. Ndipotu, mtundu wanyimbo ndi analimbikitsa mu Italy, kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma XVI. Ngakhale dzina ali ndi mizu Romanesque: mneni "cantare" amatanthauza "kuimba". Mu nthawi ya High Kubadwa Kwatsopano zinali koposa zonse, nyimbo. Koma kodi ndi cantata, nanga kumasiyana ndi nyimbo wamba? Choyamba, ndi wapadera yoopsa mutu ndime. Kachiwiri, lemba la kale la kufunika zazing'ono poyerekezera ndi nyimbo, osachepera poyamba. Koma ngati ndakatulo anali Komabe, cantata anayamba kulekanitsidwa kwa Sonata - ndi nyimbo yosavuta malangizo.

chitukuko polemba chinenero chimenechi

Ngati chilengedwe aliyense wa namatetule wa munthu, cantata chakhala kusanduka. Poyamba, ndi mtundu wanyimbo nyimbo anaphatikizapo yekha amapilira nambala payekha. mankhwala anadziwika monga Madrigal. Popeza zoyambirira za XVII m'zaka za chitukuko cha mtundu wanyimbo ali kwambiri kufooketsedwa ndi opera. The cheni ndi cantata, inali yovuta kwambiri. Kapangidwe ka chidutswa cha nyimbo adayamba monga manambala angapo payekha, komanso Arias, recitatives, duets, nyimboyi ndi loimba limodzi. Nato zili chikhalidwe mwakhama mawu ndi nyimbo sichinasinthe khalidwe polemba chinenero chimenechi. Choncho cantata sanachitepo opaleshoni m'mabwalo. mankhwala sikutanthauza zokongola kapena zovala. Palinso palibe udindo. cantata Izi zimasiyana opera, ngakhale oimba ndi protagonist anachita zonse.

Nyimbo limodzi la mapemphero pa

Pa Msonkhano wa Trent, unachitikira m'ma XVI, akuluakulu a tchalitchi anaganiza kulimbitsa mbali zokongoletsa kulambira kukopa wokhulupirika. M'kupita kwa nthawi, Gregory Chapel - kwaya oimba amene anachita ntchito popanda limodzi nyimbo - m'malo ndi thupi. nyimbo wake anayamba kutenga mawonekedwe oratorio - ". kupemphera" ku mawu Latin "orare", kutanthauza Ntchito izi ankafuna kuti kutsindika maganizo lemba wansembe ulaliki kapena kuwerenga malemba a m'Baibulo. Kuyambira pamenepo, ngati GF Handel analemba oratorio konsati, nyimbo linayamba kulembedwa ndi temy.Sleduet mbiri yakale amanena cantatas anali m'gulu maonekedwe zokongoletsa wa Katolika ndi ntchito mpingo wa Chiprotestanti. Ndipotu zili yawo ingakhale kusukulu ndiponso wauzimu. Nanga ndi oratorio ndi cantata, kusiyana yaikulu? Si mophweka kuchimvetsa. Tikhoza kunena kuti oratorio ndi payekha Arias nthawi zambiri womangidwa kwa maudindo a ntchito wonse yochititsa chidwi kwambiri. The cantata ndi chinthu m'nyimbo chimaposa, ndipo Arias si womangidwa kwa munthu iliyonse.

Bach cantatas

Pa chitukuko cha mtundu wanyimbo ndi ankatsatira kwambiri Carissimi, ndipo ofufuza ena amafuna kuti mukhulupirire iye mlengi wa izi m'derali amalambira motsatira miyambo luso kuti zikugwirizana ndi ntchito nyimbo ndi ndakatulo. Koma kwa iwo amene anapereka cantata pa mlingo chosiyana, anali Johann Sebastian Bach. Kuti analowa zigawo ndakatulo ndi nyimbo mumgwirizano wangwiro ndi mzake. Malemba cantatas wake Bach n'kutunga ntchito kwa zaka za m'ma 16-18th. Choloŵa chauzimu cha ndakatulo German ndi nthawi yonseyi chikuphatikizapo ziphunzitso Protestant, ndipo Francis zongoganiza ndi pietism, ndipo amajambulapo maluwa okongola ngakhale yakale ya nthawi Baroque. ndi cantata Zomwe ntchito Bach chiyani? Izi ndi zovuta amapilira-malangizo chidutswa, wopangidwa mwa magawo angapo, omwe ali mungoli yake, tempo ndi mwanzeru. Inde Wolemba analemba nyimbo ntchito zimenezi popanda chichokereni ku malemba opatulika. Ife sindikumvetsa, mwachitsanzo, "St. Mateyu masautso", ngati mulibe lemba Arias. Pa nthawi yomweyo nyimbo amatilola kupendanso nthano m'Baibulo kwambiri kumva izo.

mtundu wanyimbo

Taona kale kuti cantata nyimbo. Koma popeza poyamba anali m'derali amalambira motsatira miyambo mawonekedwe a zojambulajambula, n'zosavuta kuganiza kuti tsiku lina adzachita popanda limodzi nyimbo. Kuopsa kwa nkhani ndi kutamandira mwambo kapena khalidwe asonkhane ku cantata ali ndi ode kuti ndakatulo. Monga ntchito zolembalemba, izo akufanana ndi madrigal kapena chiyamikiro. cantata zambiri zolembedwa "za mlanduwu" - chitunda mpando wachifumu kapena chikumbutso cha zochitika zofunika. mabuku awonanso chitukuko polemba chinenero ichi. Choncho, pa nthawi, ku gulu la "khoti ndakatulo" cantata ankadutsa kosavuta zambiri ndi womasuka mawonekedwe. Nthawi zina ngakhale zimatengera pa mbali ya chikondi ndakatulo (ndikuganiza Pushkin a "Leda"). Koma Komabe, nkhokwe zikuluzikulu cantata nkhani yaikulu ndi chisoni. Glazunov analemba cantatas kwa centenary kubadwa kwa Pushkin, Balakirev - kutsegula kwa chipilala kuti Glinka. Mu nthawi ya ufumu wa Stalin , polemba chinenero ichi anali wotchuka kwambiri komanso. Choncho, N. Myaskovsky analemba cantata "Kirov Ife" pa imfa ya ndale.

Cantata: Tanthauzo

Choncho, mawu ali ndi matanthauzo angapo. nyimbo ndi monga mtundu wanyimbo, ndipo ntchito lolembedwa mu mtsempha izi. Cantata ali pafupi oratorio, ndi kumafuna oimba, kwaya ndi soloists. Izi ndi lalikulu, zovuta ntchito wopangidwa mwa magawo angapo a mungoli osiyana. Monga mabuku, ndi cantata - ndakatulo olembedwa pa nthawi auspicious. Monga ndakatuloyi, tichipeza magawo angapo. Koma mitu mu cantata si Nkhani ndi kulemekeza.